Bambang Suhardi

Mosque visitors often struggle with poorly designed wayfinding signs. Small fonts, unappealing color combinations, illogical placement, and dazzling materials contribute to this frustration. Common complaints involve signs for toilets, ablution areas, prayer halls, and holy boundaries. This study aimed to improve signage legibility by applying ergonomic principles. The visual display cognitive ergonomics approach was chosen, with a focus on human-system interaction and acknowledgment of human limitations. An experimental design was used to evaluate the effects of font size, typeface, and color combinations on legibility. Additionally, symbol comprehension tests and assessments of familiarity, compatibility, and standardization were conducted to inform the design of effective symbol signage. The experimental data were analyzed using the Friedman test. Spearman’s rank correlation test was used to assess the relationships among the three ergonomic factors: familiarity, compatibility, and standardization. Data analysis revealed that only font size significantly impacted legibility. However, a positive correlation was found between ergonomic factors and participant understanding of the signage symbols. This suggests that these factors collectively affect overall legibility. After introducing the newly designed signage, the study successfully increased sign legibility. Future research can explore additional factors that influence legibility to develop more comprehensive guidelines for mosque signage design.

High-rise building maintenance involving work at height presents significant occupational safety risks, particularly fall-related incidents that may result in severe injuries, operational disruptions, and financial losses. Conventional risk assessment approaches such as Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC) primarily rely on technical likelihood–severity scoring and do not explicitly incorporate sustainability consequences into risk prioritization. This study develops a sustainability-based occupational safety risk prioritization model for high-rise building maintenance by introducing a Sustainability Risk Priority Index (SRPI) that integrates HIRARC-based technical risk scores, Triple Bottom Line (TBL) weighting derived from the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and hazard-level sustainability impact assessment. Unlike conventional approaches that prioritize hazards primarily based on technical risk magnitude, the proposed SRPI provides a composite prioritization framework that also captures People, Planet, and Profit consequences in measurable terms. The model was demonstrated through a case study of a three-story laboratory building that identified six hazards. The results show that falls from the rooftop edge and falls from a narrow canopy platform remain the highest technical risks (R = 20). The AHP weighting yielded People = 0.60, Profit = 0.25, and Planet = 0.15, with a Consistency Ratio (CR) of 0.07. The proposed model differentiates medium-level hazards more clearly by incorporating sustainability consequences while preserving the dominance of hazards with potentially fatal outcomes. Sensitivity analysis with ±10% variation in the People weight indicates that the highest-priority hazards remain stable across scenarios. Keywords: Occupational safety; Sustainability risk prioritization; HIRARC; AHP; High-rise building maintenance

Accessible public transportation is the foundation of inclusive mobility, especially for people with disabilities. Unfortunately, executive train toilets in Indonesia have not fully met the physical and functional accessibility standards. Therefore, toilets that are easily accessible to all users are needed, ones that are not only functionally adequate, but also preserve the local cultural values. This study aims to design an accessible executive train toilet by combining universal design principles with local cultural values for all passengers. This study uses qualitative-quantitative methods and participatory design elements based on the universal design and local culture. The study was conducted in four main stages: collecting data on identifying the needs of the user through an online questionnaire with 84 respondents and a group discussion with seven stakeholders; studying the local culture using ethnographic interviews with 42 Javanese residents and in-depth interviews with cultural experts; quantitative and qualitative data analysis; and the design process, which includes deciding the size of the toilet components, visualization, and identifying alternative designs. The design evaluation stage is based on weighted scoring. The study resulted in a universally accessible executive train toilet design based on the local culture by increasing the width of the door, expanding the size of the toilet room, automating facilities, Braille signs, ergonomic design, emergency calls, and the local Javanese philosophy (color, ornaments, shape, materials, availability of water, bar soap). This study has practical implications for policymakers regarding the transportation policies and infrastructure development toward more inclusive railway services in developing countries.

UD Warna Utama is one of the marble stone industries located in Tulungagung, East Java. In the marble stone process, there are three stages of production, namely the sawing of marble blocks, the sawing of marble slabs, and the polishing of marble. In the production process, the waste generated is sometimes sold as building foundation material, while other residues are directly disposed of into the surrounding environment of the factory, causing environmental pollution. This research aims to identify opportunities for improving efficiency and reducing environmental impact, as well as providing alternative proposals to minimize and utilize the waste generated in accordance with the concept of clean production. A quick analysis of the material flow using the Quick Scan method and interviews yielded several options for implementing clean production, namely the Recycle and Reuse methods. The proposed alternatives were evaluated using the B/C Ratio and Payback Period feasibility analysis, resulting in viable proposals for implementation, including the creation of water retention systems for block stone sawing processes, selling sludge waste as construction material, making mosaics, and producing terrazzo.

Introduction: Occupational safety and health (OSH) is a key pillar in creating a productive and sustainable work environment, especially in the high-risk manufacturing sector. As global demands for Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principles increase, the integration of safety culture and sustainable technology is an important strategy to strengthen the protection of workers' health while supporting industrial sustainability. Method: A quantitative approach was used by distributing questionnaires to 200 workers from various categories of manufacturing industries. The analysis used included correlation tests, multiple linear regression, and scenario simulations of technological improvements and recycling efficiency of personal protective equipment. Result: The main variables analyzed were discipline in wearing PPE, consistency, reward-punishment, and the application of wearable technology and environmentally friendly PPE. The regression results show that the discipline of using PPE is the most significant factor in shaping occupational safety culture (p = 0.001). Although the technology and reward variables are not statistically significant, the simulation shows that increased investment in safety technology can accelerate the growth of safety culture and indirectly strengthen occupational health protection.The implementation of sustainability principles, such as the use of environmentally friendly PPE materials and recycling programs, is also proven to reduce the impact of industrial waste and contribute to the Environmental aspect of ESG. Conclusion: While lowering the effect of industrial waste, the simulation reveals that higher investment in technology and recycling efficiency might hasten the change of safety culture from reactive to proactive. This study theoretically expands the safety culture approach to be more predictive and sustainable under the ESG framework, so improving its sustainability. Practically, these results give a basis for industrial policies to create OSH strategies compatible with digital transformation and world sustainability goals.

Background: Many MSMEs in Indonesia struggle to comply with the packaging label standards from the Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (BPOM). The root of this problem is knowledge gaps among MSME owners about labeling standards. Contribution: This community services program contributes to enhance awareness of BPOM-compliant food packaging among MSMEs through counseling programs. This program differs from previous counseling programs by incorporating digital aids, specifically in redesigning packaging that complies with BPOM standards. Method: Thirty participants attended an interactive discussion and counseling session in Purwodiningratan Village, Surakarta. Using visual aids and digital packaging design examples to show compliance, the session discussed BPOM's standards. Semi-structured interviews and post-session assessments were done to assess influence; descriptive analysis was then used for interpretation. Results: Showed that 80% of the participants engaged actively in conversations, and 70% desired to implement what they learned in the counseling session. Conclusion: The counseling session increased participants' understanding of standard food packaging regulations and shifted their perceptions. Early signs of behavioral change supported the efficiency of participatory counseling in improving MSMEs' compliance with regulations.

This study aims to assess the accessibility of toilets on the Joglosemarkerto executive train for people with disabilities, especially wheelchair users, using the Universal Design approach. The research method is a mixed method, through direct measurement of toilet dimensions, accessibility checklists based on universal design principles, and online user perception surveys involving 64 respondents, including disabled groups. The Accessibility Index is calculated based on weighting the door, sink, and main toilet room. The study results indicate that the accessibility index category is low, with a score of 22 for the toilet door, 17.5 for the sink, and 24.4 for the main toilet room. The main obstacles are narrow circulation space, insufficient door width, information in Braille, and emergency buttons not being available. Practically, this study encourages operators and policymakers to improve the design of accessible train toilets by involving disabled groups in the design. Theoretically, this study enriches the literature on evaluating public transportation accessibility in Indonesia through the presentation of a replicable universal design evaluation model. The contribution of this study is to map the infrastructure gaps and develop recommendations to improve the inclusiveness of railways in Indonesia and promote equality of access.

This study examines human factors in bus accidents using bibliometric analysis to identify publications, research trends, and collaborative relationships between authors and institutions. Data from 1.834 publications in the Scopus database during the period 2014–2024 were analyzed using VOS viewer software to display network visualization and density. The results show a significant increase in publications since 2018, with a peak in 2022. Research related to human factors in bus accidents is growing, with a focus on fatigue, distraction, and driver behavior. The keyword and density analysis identified that “Human” was the most frequently discussed topic. China is the country with the highest contribution, and the medical field plays a major role in this topic. These findings highlight the importance of understanding human factors in efforts to improve transportation safety.

Accessibility to public transportation can boost economic levels and justice in life, especially for people with reduced mobility (PRMs). However, due to the lack of studies on accessibility evaluation, in order to improve the accessibility of infrastructure for people with special needs, an investigation was conducted that focused on evaluating and proposing improvements to infrastructure in accordance with government standards. The aim of this research is to evaluate the level of accessibility and improve railway transportation infrastructure. Use of qualitative methods by direct observation and conducting an assessment or audit of infrastructure accessibility at Yogyakarta Station. The result shows that the accessibility index value falls into the less accessible category with a value of 1.35 consisting of five aspects of infrastructure assessment. In order to increase the index value in accessibility, the proposed improvements to develop accessibility are more focused on the aspects of infrastructure which include parking areas, toilets, prayer areas, waiting rooms, and hallways to be accessible stations.

People with disabilities must be considered as one of the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque user groups. This happens because of the lack of accessible facilities and it is not in accordance with the standards set by the government. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a research to determine whether the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque has met the accessibility criteria. The research aims to determine the accessibility of the Sheikh Zayed grand mosque. The results of the assessment are used as a basis for making improvements in the mosque accessibility. The method used is filling out an accessibility check sheet. The checklists are developed from the regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Housing of the Republic of Indonesia number 14/PRT/M/2017 and universal design. The level of accessibility is also determined based on the same regulation and universal design. The areas studied include: circulation/corridor, entrance/exit, ramp, stair/lift, handrail, wudu area, toilet, prayer room, parking area, as well as signs and information. The results of the accessibility index assessment showed that six areas of the mosque were categorized as accessible, two areas of the mosque were categorized as less accessible, and two areas of the mosque were categorized as inaccessible. Proposed improvements were made to the circulation area, ramps, stairs/elevators, handrails, wudhu areas, toilets, prayer rooms, parking areas, as well as signs and information.