Suleyman Emre Kocyigit

Background: This study investigated the associations of hyperuricaemia with sleep quality, frailty, and probable sarcopenia in older adults.Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included geriatric outpatients aged ≥65 years who underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment. Hyperuricaemia was defined as serum uric acid >6 mg/dL in females and >7 mg/dL in males. Sleep quality was assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Frailty was evaluated using the FRAIL scale, and probable sarcopenia was defined according to EWGSOP2 criteria. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed.Results: The mean age was 75.6 years, and 68.6% were female. Hyperuricaemia was more frequent in women and was associated with higher body mass index and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (all p < 0.001). In univariable analyses, hyperuricaemia was associated with urinary incontinence, polypharmacy, lower grip strength, and higher FRAIL scores (all p < 0.05), whereas no significant associations were observed with sleep-related parameters. In multivariable analyses, body mass index (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.02–1.11), lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.94–0.97), and coronary heart disease (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.07–3.23) remained independently associated with hyperuricaemia.Conclusions: Hyperuricaemia was associated with frailty and probable sarcopenia in unadjusted analyses, but these associations were not independent after adjustment for confounders. No significant association was found with sleep quality. Hyperuricaemia appeared to be more closely related to cardiometabolic risk factors and impaired renal function than to geriatric syndromes themselves.

Introduction: Inflammatory cerebral amyloid angiopathy (iCAA) is an inflammatory condition seen in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) which is a disease pathologically characterized by β-amyloid deposition in the walls of cortical and leptomeningeal arteries. It contributes independently to cognitive impairment in older adults and is most commonly associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Case reports: We describe a 73 year old male patient presenting with rapidly progressive cognitive decline with clinical dementia syndromes other than AD, namely idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and dementia with Lewy bodies at the same time, who is not widely thought to be related to CAA and thus may have been overlooked. Conclusion: This case is striking to illustrate that inflmmatory CAA may also present in the context of multiple neurodegenerative diseases and interact with them leading to be an independent variable for rapidly progressive decline and immunosupressive treatment may help slow down the cognitive decline and cause improvement in Daily living activities in the life of older adults. It is of importance to diagnose and manage iCAA for the accurate patient care and for research settings.

Objectives: Falls are a major geriatric syndrome associated with significant morbidity and mortality in older adults. The Magnetic Resonance Parkinsonism Index (MRPI) is a neuroimaging biomarker reflecting brainstem structural alterations; however, its role in fall risk among non-parkinsonian older adults remains unclear. This study aimed to determine whether the MRPI is independently associated with recurrent falls in older adults. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 250 adults aged ≥ 65 years who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and comprehensive geriatric assessment. Participants were categorised as fallers and non-fallers. MRPI values were calculated using segmentation-based measurements from three-dimensional T1-weighted MRI. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the independent association between MRPI and recurrent falls after adjustment for potential confounders. Results: A total of 250 participants (171 women, 79 men) were included, of whom 103 (41.2%) had recurrent falls. MRPI values were higher in fallers than in non-fallers (13.22 vs. 12.74, p = 0.027). The MRPI was positively correlated with age, number of falls, number of medications, Timed Up and Go test time, and frailty, whereas it was negatively correlated with the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment score, grip strength, and functional status ( p < 0.05). The MRPI was independently associated with falls across all multivariable models, including the fully adjusted model (odds ratio, 1.61; 95% confidence interval, 1.02–2.48; p = 0.031). Conclusion: The MRPI is independently associated with falls in non-parkinsonian older adults and may represent a novel neuroimaging biomarker for fall risk prediction.

Orthostatic Hypotension is a condition that increases in frequency with age and is associated with inflammation. This study investigates the relationship b

Background/aim: The Oral Frailty Index-8 (OFI-8) is a reliable screening for oral frailty. In our study, while presenting the Turkish reliability and validity study of the OFI-8, we also aimed to establish a cut-off value for oral frailty in Turkish population. Materials and methods: Patients who presented to the outpatient clinic between January 2024 and January 2025 were evaluated. The test’s internal consistency and test–retest reliability were assessed. Divergent validity was evaluated using frailty scores, muscle strength, and nutritional status. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated to determine the optimal cut-off values for identifying frailty, malnutrition, and probable sarcopenia. Oral frailty status was then analyzed in relation to demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and geriatric syndromes. Regression analyses were performed to adjust for confounding factors. Results: In 162 patients, internal consistency was quantified with a Cronbach’s α of 0.728, and test–retest reliability was quantified with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.961. Construct validity was supported by exploratory factor analysis, and divergent validity was confirmed through significant correlations with frailty, muscle strength, and nutritional status. A cut-off score of >5 on the OFI-8 was identified for predicting physical frailty, malnutrition, and probable sarcopenia: for frailty status, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.75 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.67–0.82; p < 0.001], sensitivity 0.85 and specificity 0.56; for probable sarcopenia, AUC was 0.68 (95% CI 0.60–0.77; p < 0.001), sensitivity 0.71 and specificity 0.52; and for nutritional status, AUC was 0.76 (95% CI 0.68–0.84; p < 0.001), sensitivity 0.86 and specificity 0.55. Independent of confounding factors, probable sarcopenia, physical frailty, polypharmacy, malnutrition, and falls remained significantly associated with oral frailty (OFI-8 score ≥5). Conclusion: OFI-8 demonstrates good validity and reliability for detecting oral frailty in Turkish older adults, supporting early diagnosis and intervention to address better related conditions such as frailty, probable sarcopenia, and malnutrition.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between nocturia and anticholinergic burden. Methods: The female participants aged ≥ 65 years who presented to the outpatient geriatric clinic between November 2022 and January 2025 were retrospectively reviewed. Nocturia was defined as waking up from bed at night for urination at least twice per night. All participants underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). Demographic characteristics, comorbidities, geriatric syndromes, laboratory findings, and CGA parameters were recorded. Results: Of 422 total patients, nocturia was present in 65.9% of them. Patients with nocturia were older ( p = 0.021) and had higher rates of coronary artery disease ( p = 0.036) heart failure ( p = 0.002), and chronic lung disease ( p = 0.046). Recurrent falls ( p = 0.005), polypharmacy ( p < 0.001), depression ( p < 0.001), and lower gait‐balance ( p = 0.033) and activities of daily living scores ( p < 0.001) were more frequent in the nocturia group. The proportion of patients with a high anticholinergic burden (Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden [ACB] score ≥ 3) was significantly higher in those with nocturia ( p = 0.024). There was a significant association between high ACB scores and nocturia, independent of age (OR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.05–2.69; p = 0.028), comorbidities (OR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.01–2.60; p = 0.048), and laboratory parameters (OR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.01–2.60; p = 0.046). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that a higher anticholinergic burden is independently associated with nocturia in older female adults. Clinicians should be alert to anticholinergic burden as a modifiable factor in the management of nocturia in older female patients and consider deprescribing when appropriate.

Purpose: Cognitive frailty is an emerging concept in geriatric medicine, defined by the coexistence of cognitive impairment and physical frailty without dementia. We planned to investigate the relationship between cognitive frailty and drug burden in individuals aged 95 years and older. Material and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 193 individuals aged ≥95 years receiving care at geriatric outpatient clinics or residential facilities in Turkey. Data on cognitive status, comorbidities, and regular medication use were obtained from medical records. Cognitive frailty was identified based on documented as cooccurrence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment. Results: Among the participants, 45.1% were identified as cognitively frail. The cognitive frailty group exhibited a significantly lower mean MMSE score (19.8 ± 3.7) in comparison to the control group (24.7 ± 3.1, p < 0.001). The mean number of medications was higher among cognitive frailty participants (6.3 ± 2.1) than those without cognitive frailty (4.1 ± 1.8, p < 0.01). After adjusting for all variables, increased age (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.03–1.20, p = 0.006), higher number of comorbidities (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.05–1.45, p = 0.014), and greater number of medications (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.14–1.64, p = 0.001) were significantly associated with increased cognitive frailty. Conclusion: Cognitive frailty is independently associated with a higher drug burden in individuals aged 95 and older. Integrating cognitive and frailty assessments into routine geriatric evaluations may help mitigate the risks of polypharmacy in this vulnerable population.

Older adults living alone are at increased risk for geriatric syndromes, and visual impairment from cataract may further exacerbate this vulnerability. However, data on the relationship between cataracts and geriatric syndrome burden in this population remain limited. We planned to investigate the relationship between cataracts and geriatric syndromes burden among older adults who live alone. This retrospective, cross-sectional study included community-dwelling older adults who lived alone and underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment at the Geriatrics Outpatient Clinic of Balıkesir Atatürk City Hospital between January 2022 and December 2024. Cataract status was confirmed by ophthalmology records. Geriatric syndromes assessed included cognitive impairment, depressive symptoms, malnutrition, frailty, and history of falls. The geriatric syndrome burden was defined as the presence of at least two impairments in the main domains of comprehensive geriatric assessment. Multivariate logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, education, polypharmacy, BMI, and comorbidity count. A total of 299 participants (mean age 77.0 ± 7.3 years, 63% female) were included; 139 (46.5%) had cataracts. Compared with those without cataracts, affected individuals were older (78.68 ± 6.90 vs. 75.57 ± 7.46 years, p = 0.02), had lower education (5.17 ± 3.43 vs. 5.98 ± 3.65 years, p = 0.02), and higher polypharmacy rates (67% vs. 53%, p = 0.01). Cognitive impairment prevalence was greater in the cataract group (67% vs. 56%, p = 0.03). In women, cataracts were associated with higher geriatric syndrome burden (OR 2.30, 95% CI 1.04–5.12, p = 0.04); no significant association was observed in men (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.54–1.55, p = 0.74). Cataracts are linked to greater cognitive impairment and, in women, a higher geriatric syndrome burden among older adults living alone. Incorporating vision assessment into geriatric evaluations may help identify vulnerable individuals and inform targeted interventions.

Background/Objectives: We evaluated whether fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) is associated with dynapenia and functional status in adults ≥65 years, and its value as a geriatric screening tool. Methods: In this cross-sectional study (July 2023–July 2025), 537 outpatients aged ≥65 years were evaluated. FIB-4 was calculated by the standard formula; a high-risk threshold of ≥2.0 was applied for age ≥65. Participants were compared as low- and high-FIB-4. Functional status was assessed by Basic Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), instrumental ADLs, and gait and balance tests. Dynapenia was defined as low muscle strength. Comorbidities, geriatric syndromes, and laboratory findings were recorded. Results: The high-FIB-4 group was older (78.6 ± 6.0 vs. 75.6 ± 5.8 years), had fewer women, and had lower BMI. POMA and instrumental ADLs scores were lower in the high-FIB-4 group, while basic ADLs and TUG duration did not differ significantly. Low grip strength was more frequent with high FIB-4. In sex-stratified analyses, FIB-4 correlated positively with age and aspartate transaminase (AST), and negatively with platelet count, leukocyte count, handgrip strength, POMA, and instrumental ADLs in women. In regression analysis low grip strength was associated with high FIB-4 score, but this relationship disappeared regardless of confounding factor in older female people. Lower BMI and higher leucocyte count is a risk factor for high FIB-4 score in the dynapenia group. Conclusions: FIB-4 reflects not only hepatic fibrosis risk but also geriatric vulnerability linked to dynapenia and functional decline in older adults. With age-adjusted cutoffs, FIB-4 may serve as a practical early-warning screen alongside nutritional and physical-performance assessments.