Joint Halley Guimbard Pérez

Traumatic spinal cord injury has important consequences for the physical and psychological health of patients, leading to the development of significant comorbidities (1, 2).Advanced age is associa...

Background/Objectives: To determine whether ESS provides superior clinical, radiologic, or perioperative outcomes compared with non-ESS surgical strategies in lumbar spondylolisthesis. Methods: We conducted a PRISMA-guided systematic review and meta-analysis comparing ESS with non-ESS strategies specifically for lumbar spondylolisthesis. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and CENTRAL were searched from inception to December 2025, plus reference-list screening. Primary outcomes were mean change in VAS back pain, VAS leg pain, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI); secondary outcomes included radiologic measures (disc height, lumbar lordosis angle, fusion rate) and perioperative outcomes (blood loss, operative time, length of stay, complications). Results: Eighteen studies (16 retrospective cohorts, 1 RCT, 1 case–control) involving 1200 patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis (2019–2025) were included. ESS showed no significant differences versus non-ESS in mean change in VAS back pain (13 studies; MD −0.07), VAS leg pain (14 studies; MD 0.08), or ODI (12 studies; MD 0.51). No statistically significant differences were detected in radiological outcomes (disc height, lumbar lordosis angle, and fusion rate). ESS was associated with reduced blood loss (MD −132.98) and shorter hospital stay (MD −2.86 days), with no difference in operative time (MD 3.96) or postoperative complications (RR 0.86). Subgroup analyses compared endoscopic fusion with MIS fusion, open fusion, and non-endoscopic decompression. Endoscopic versus MIS fusion showed lower blood loss (MD: −50.9 mL) and shorter hospital stay (MD: −1.4 days) but longer operative time (MD: +17.2 min), with no differences in clinical outcomes. Comparisons involving decompression and open fusion were limited by the small number of studies and should be considered exploratory. Conclusions: For lumbar spondylolisthesis, no statistically significant differences were detected between ESS and non-endoscopic approaches in pain, disability, radiologic outcomes, or complication rates, with potential perioperative advantages in blood loss and length of stay. However, these findings should be interpreted cautiously because the available evidence is predominantly retrospective, procedurally heterogeneous, and affected by substantial variation in follow-up duration.

Se conoce como enfermedad de Gibbus al colapso de la porción anterior de uno o más cuerpos vertebrales que provoca una cifosis segmentaria de ángulo agudo. En general, este tipo de deformidades son producto de infecciones tuberculosas. Uno de los principales problemas que trae apareado esta deformidad es la compresión medular. En el caso presentado, el paciente sufrió esta enfermedad como consecuencia de una infección no tuberculosa, con cifosis angular pososteomielitis, tratado con doble vía de abordaje, utilizando implantes recubiertos con nanopartículas de plata. Los resultados clínico-radiológicos fueron muysatisfactorios. Este caso presenta la conjugación de dos temas poco frecuentes en la medicina actual; por un lado, un tipo de deformidad de la columna que, rara vez, se debe a una infección no tuberculosa y, por otro lado, el implante utilizado, recubierto con nanopartículas de plata que, pese a las controversias, ofrece una nueva posibilidad de tratamiento para pacientes con un riesgo aumentado de infección asociada a implantes, y resulta de interés que sea reconocido por los cirujanos ortopedistas, puesto que existe evidencia suficiente para afirmar su capacidad para reducir la formación de biopelículas.

Post-operative lumbar pain is related to alterations in the sagittal and spinopelvic parameters. A lumbar fusion that fails to maintain, or that worsens the physiological lordosis alters the sagittal balance. Objective: To analyze spinopelvic variation in different surgical positions. Methods: A prospective, analytical and comparative study of spinograms, lumbosacral radiographs in the surgical position over a 4-pole quadratus lumborum, and lumbosacral radiographs with quadratus lumborum and support in the knees. A sample of 129 patients, of both sexes, aged between 18 and 60 years, and presenting with lower back pain. Lumbar Lordosis (LL), Pelvic Tilt (PT), Pelvic Incidence (PI) and Sacral Slope (SS) were measured. Results: PI was the most stable parameter. With quadratus lumborum, a slight increase in PT, a decrease in SS and a significant reduction in LL were found. With quadratus lumborum and support in the knees, a decrease in PT and a slight increase in SS were found, while the LL value remained similar to that of the spinogram. Conclusion: The intraoperative position with hip flexion of between 40° and 45° over quadratus lumborum reduced LL to 10.52° in men and 16.21° in women, increased PT, and decreased SS. The intraoperative position with hip flexion of between 0° and 10° showed the same values as the reference spinogram. Level of Evidence II; Prospective comparative study.

Study design Retrospective cohort study. Objective To assess the rate, injury site, aetiology and outcomes in elective spinal surgery patients who sustained a spinal cord injury (SCI). Setting SCI national centre Toledo, Spain. Methods The study sample included patients who sustained an SCI after elective spinal surgery from 2013 to 2017. Oncological patients and patients receiving interventional therapies were excluded. Data collected included: demographics, aetiology, precipitating cause, injury mechanism, injury site, neurological status (AIS), SCIMIII at admission and discharge, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidemia, depression and hospital length of stay. Results One thousand two hundred and eighty-two patients were admitted in this period of whom 114 met the inclusion criteria with a median (IQR) age of 58 (45–69) years; 46% female. The prevalence of SCI as a complication following spinal surgery in the total number of patients admitted to our centre was 9%. In 43%, the injury was to the dorsal spine with T12 being the most common neurological level of injury (20% of cases following laminectomy secondary to spinal canal stenosis). The most frequent precipitating cause was epidural haematoma (38% of cases). The median (IQR) SCIMIII scores at admission and discharge were (31) points (20–54) and (67) points (34–81), respectively. General AIS at admission were C (35%) and D at discharge (54%). The presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity and dyslipidemia adjusted by age was not linked to a higher complication rate. The median (IQR) hospital length of stay was 120 days (60–189). Conclusion In total 8.9% of patients admitted with SCI were the result of elective spinal surgery.