Chun-Jui Weng

The utilization of allogenic decellularized dermis graft is an emerging option in the treatment of massive tears in the rotator cuff. Our purpose is to evaluate patients undergoing superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) and the graft bridging (GB) technique using allogenic dermis graft. In addition, we aim to identify the prognostic factors that contribute to graft failure. This case–control study investigates the clinical and radiologic evaluations of patients with irreparable massive rotator cuff tear before and 12 months after the allogenic decellularized dermis graft. Our clinical evaluations include assessments of the intensity of the visual analogue scale and Constant score, both prior to and 12 months following the surgical intervention. Radiographic analysis includes Hamada classification, acromiohumeral interval, coracohumeral distance, graft integrity, and Goutallier grade on plain radiography or magnetic resonance imaging, both taken before and 12 months after the surgical intervention. A total of 24 patients were enrolled in the study, with 14 patients undergoing graft bridging procedures and the remaining patients receiving SCR. After the surgery, all patients experienced a significant improvement in various measures, including the visual analog scale, Constant score, and coracohumeral distance. The follow-up magnetic resonance imaging showed that 62.5% of the patients had a healing graft, while 37.5% had a failed graft. Moreover, patients in the graft failure group had lower visual analog scale scores, decreased acromiohumeral interval, late-stage Goutallier muscle atrophy, and higher Hamada classification compared with the graft healing group. The use of decellularized allogeneic dermis grafts in the SCR/graft bridging technique led to improvements in pain and functional outcomes. Preoperative prognostic factors for graft failure included lower preoperative pain, decreased acromiohumeral interval, Goutallier muscle atrophy (grade 3 or higher), and advanced cuff tear arthropathy (Hamada grade 3 or higher).

In spite of advances in medical technology, the repair of Achilles tendon ruptures remains challenging. Reconstruction with an autograft tendon provides the advantage of a higher healing rate; nevertheless, the development of donor-site morbidity cannot be ignored. We developed biodegradable, drug-eluting, nanofibrous membranes employing an electrospinning technique and evaluated their effectiveness on the healing of allograft tendons. Poly-D-L-lactide-glycolide was used as the polymeric material for the nanofibers, while doxycycline was selected as the drug for delivery. The in vitro and in vivo drug-release profiles were investigated. The biomechanical properties of allografted Achilles tendons repaired using the nanofibrous membranes were tested in euthanized rabbits at 2-, 4-, and 6-week time intervals. Histological examination was performed for the evaluation of tissue reaction and tendon healing. The level of postoperative animal activity was also monitored using an animal behavior cage. The experimental results showed that the degradable nanofibers used as a vehicle could provide sustained release of doxycycline for 42 days after surgery with very low systemic drug concentration. Allograft Achilles tendon reconstruction assisted by drug-loaded nanofibers was associated with better biomechanical properties at 6 weeks post-surgery. In addition, the animals exhibited a better level of activity after surgery. The use of drug-eluting, nanofibrous membranes could enhance healing in Achilles tendon allograft reconstruction surgery.

Background: To assess clinical and functional outcomes of patients aged 40 years or older receiving PCL reconstruction surgery. Methods: All patients older than 40 years with isolated PCL rupture who underwent PCL reconstruction surgery were enrolled into the retrospective study. Associated meniscal injuries, osteochondral lesions, postoperative complications, and the rate of return to the preinjury level of activity were extracted. Outcomes included International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective score, Lysholm score, and Tegner activity score. The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) were used to evaluate the clinically relevant value of PCL reconstruction in this population. Results: In total, 41 patients with a mean age of 51.7 years were included. The mean follow-up time was 32.8 months. Associated lesions included meniscal injuries (48.8%) and osteochondral lesions (97.6%). Improvement in the IKDC score (from 46.5 preoperatively to 79.0 postoperatively, p < 0.0001), Lysholm score (from 65.5 to 88.3, p < 0.0001), and Tegner activity score (from 2.3 to 4.0, p < 0.0001) was recorded. The clinically relevant value based on the MCID showed that 34 of 41 patients (82.9%) had a ΔIKDC score exceeding 16.8; all patients (100%) showed a ΔLysholm score exceeding 8.9; and 35 of 41 patients (85.4%) showed a ΔTegner activity score exceeding 0.5. Regarding the PASS, none of the patients had an IKDC score exceeding 75.9 preoperatively, whereas 27 of 41 patients (65.9%) had a score of more than 75.9 postoperatively. All patient had ≥ grade II knee instability preoperatively. Postoperatively, 36 patients (87.8%) had no significant joint translation, and 5 patients (12.2%) had grade I instability. Twenty-one patients (51.2%) returned to their preinjury level of activity. Five patients (12.2%) developed Ahlbäck grade I radiographic osteoarthritis. No rerupture or other major perioperative complications were reported. Conclusions: PCL reconstruction is a reliable surgery for middle-aged patients suffering from persistent instability even after failed conservative treatment, with significant improvement in patient-reported outcomes that exceeded MCID in the majority of patients, restoration of subjective instability, and approximately half of the patients returned to preinjury activity levels. Level of evidence: Level IV, therapeutic case series.

Preservation of the meniscal volume is crucial in meniscus repair. The goal of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of repeated intra-articular platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections after arthroscopic repair of a traumatic meniscal tear. We retrospectively reviewed 61 primary meniscal repairs in 61 patients (PRP group: 30; non-PRP: 31) from 2017 to 2018. Patients in the PRP group received repeated intra-articular PRP injections in week 2,4,6 after the primary meniscus repair. Subsequent meniscal repair treatment or meniscectomy, knee arthroplasty, and IKDC changes of less than 11.5 points were defined as healing failures. After following up for at least 24 months, the IKDC score was 75.1 ± 13.6, and the Lysholm score was 80.6 ± 14.9 in the PRP group and 72.6 ± 15.8 (IKDC) and 77.7 ± 17.2 (Lysholm) in the non-PRP group. Healing rates of the PRP and the non-PRP groups were 93.3% (Kaplan-Meier 91.6%) and 87.1% (Kaplan-Meier 84.7%), respectively (log rank test p = 0.874). Our study is the first to use multiple intra-articular PRP injections to facilitate meniscal healing after meniscal repair. Though selection bias may be present in this study, the PRP group had similar functional outcome and healing rate compared to non-PRP group.

Treatment of supraintercondylar (AO/OTA 33-C) and supracondylar (AO/OTA 33-A) femur fractures is generally challenging. Standard treatments include open reduction and internal fixation. However, optimal implants are now being well-defined. This study focus on the comparison between clinical and functional outcomes of fractures treated with condylar buttress plates (CBPs). We treated 87 patients with supraintercondylar or supracondylar femur fracture from 2004 to 2008, including 30 supraintercondylar and 24 supracondylar fractures treated with CBPs. Both knee and function scores (per Knee Society) were given to clinical and functional outcomes, and concomitant knee function was assessed per Mize criteria. Union rate of supraintercondylar fractures was 90 % (27/30) and supracondylar fractures was 91.7 % (22/24) (P = 0.68). In supraintercondylar group, 16.7 % revealed postoperative varus deformity, whereas none in supracondylar group (P = 0.045). Knee Society knee score was 73.6 in supraintercondylar group and 85.5 in supracondylar group (P = 0.009); and function score was 62.5 in supraintercondylar group and 83.1 in supracondylar group (P = 0.023). A satisfactory result based on modified Mize criteria was achieved in 50 % of supraintercondylar fractures and in 79.1 % of supracondylar fractures (P = 0.09). Use of CBPs for supraintercondylar and supracondylar femur fractures treatment led to a high union rate. However, a high rate of varus deformity occurred in patients with supraintercondylar but not supracondylar fractures. Moreover, CBP treatment in patients with supracondylar fractures led to better functional outcomes than those with supraintercondylar fractures.