Wei Sun

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) hold great promise for grid-scale energy storage, yet their performance is limited by sluggish Zn2+ diffusion and irreversible Mn dissolution in MnO2 cathodes. Here, we report a Mg–K dual-doping strategy that establishes a site-competition mechanism in α-MnO2 nanoneedles to enable a synergistic dual-cation kinetic relay. K+ preferentially occupies the 2 × 2 tunnels, enlarging the tunnel spacing and lowering the interfacial desolvation barrier, while Mg2+ stabilizes the MnO6 framework and facilitates bulk Zn2+ migration. This cooperative behavior tunes the pseudocapacitive contribution from ∼29% to ∼70%, indicating that charge-storage kinetics are governed by cation-site occupancy rather than fixed intrinsic properties. The optimized K0.147Mn0.965Mg0.035O2 cathode delivers 322 mAh g–1 at 0.5 A g−1,retains 63.7% capacity after 500 cycles, and exhibits excellent rate recovery (195.07 → 310 mAh g–1 upon returning to 0.1 A g–1). Mechanistic studies reveal a stepwise H+/Zn2+ co-intercalation process accompanied by the formation of ZnMn2O4 and Zn4SO4(OH)6·xH2O, while a self-limiting interfacial passivation layer gradually forms during cycling, effectively suppressing parasitic side reactions and maintaining structural robustness. This work provides insight into multi-ion site competition, offering a generalizable strategy for durable, high-rate manganese-based AZIB cathodes.

Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) hold considerable promise for combining the advantages of thermosets and thermoplastics. However, their use in high-speed melt spinning is restricted by insufficient dynamic bond reactivity at processing temperatures and the mismatch between network rearrangement kinetics and industrial requirements. Here, we establish a spatiotemporally regulated platform based on internally catalyzed oxime-urethane chemistry within a four-arm cross-linking topology. Neighboring urea groups provide internal catalysis that greatly accelerates oxime-urethane dissociation at 110°C, improving melt fluidity. During extrusion, the slight temperature drop rapidly drives bond recombination within the four-arm topology, while hydrogen bonds deliver immediate reinforcement to retain melt strength. This synergistic design enables continuous melt spinning at 100 meters per minute over a short 10-centimeter distance. The resulting fibers combine high mechanical performance (tensile strength: 261.7 megapascals; toughness: 630.1 megajoules per cubic meter) with excellent stretchability, self-healing, and recyclability. This molecular engineering approach overcomes the processing-performance tradeoff in CANs, offering a scalable pathway toward high-performance, sustainable polymers for industrial manufacturing.

Elastic conductive fibers, owing to their flexibility, breathability, and integrability, are essential for smart textiles. While traditional covalently cross‐linked fibers offer excellent performance, their high viscosity limits melt processing and impedes effective composite formation with conductive fillers. Currently, melt spinning technology based on dynamic covalent bonds remains in its infancy, and no studies have reported the successful fabrication of covalently cross‐linked electronic conductive fibers using this technique. To this end, a covalently cross‐linked polyurethane is developed that exhibits both high performance and excellent reprocessability. During the reprocessing, the small molecule cross‐linker is released from the cross‐linked network, which weakens the non‐covalent interaction between linear molecular chains, playing a key role in plasticization and viscosity reduction. The synthesized polyurethane and conductive filler formed a homogeneous composite system, which is used to produce elastic conductive fibers through melt spinning. The resulting conductive fibers exhibited high tensile strength (7.8 MPa), stretchability (53.5 %), high‐temperature resistance (200 °C), and solvent resistance. The fabricated fibers are integrated into a harsh condition‐tolerant triboelectric nanogenerator and used for information transmission. Conductive fibers with negative dielectric constant properties enhanced signal output tenfold due to their unique polarization behavior, offering a new approach for constructing advanced triboelectric nanogenerators.

High adhesive strength and reversible rapid bonding are a long‐lasting trade‐off in polyurethane adhesives; integrating these advantages remains a key challenge for developing next‐generation polyurethane adhesives. Additionally, performance limitations in complex environments and the inability to monitor structural changes in the curing process persist as unresolved issues. Here, a dual‐dynamic crosslinking polyurethane adhesive that combines thermally responsive oxime‐carbamate bonds and Diels‐Alder reactions are presented to achieve both strong reversible adhesion and environmental tolerance. The synergistic effect of dual dynamic bonds yields remarkable adhesive strength under ambient (11.51 MPa) and ultra‐low temperature (−196 °C, 9.57 MPa) conditions, with adhesive strength 1.46‐fold enhanced in the aqueous environment over 45 days. Through real‐time monitoring of electrical property evolution during the curing process, the structural transformations responsible for the adhesive's enhanced performance characteristics are elucidated. This work establishes a robust framework for designing high‐performance reversible polyurethane adhesives.

As the key materials for next‐generation wearable and flexible electronics, ionogels are expected to combine excellent mechanical performance, efficient room‐temperature self‐healing, and facile processability. Current ionogels typically face a significant trade‐off between mechanical strength and self‐healing efficiency, limiting their practical applications. Here, “Ionophobic Coordination Reinforcement” (ICR) is introduced, a strategy that integrates ionic liquid‐phobic microphase separation with lithium‐ion coordination crosslinking. The ICR design yields a dual glass transition temperature ( T _g ): −60.27 °C for maintaining soft phase mobility and 55.33 °C for reinforcing hard phase strength. This architecture achieves simultaneous high mechanical performance (6.4‐fold increase in tensile strength, 4‐fold increase in toughness, and 35.6‐fold increase in Young's modulus) and efficient self‐healing at ambient conditions. Furthermore, this dynamic supramolecular architecture also provides exceptional melt‐processability, facilitating advanced fabrication techniques such as melt spinning. Taking advantage of the high specific surface area of ionogel fibers, the sensor exhibits enhanced humidity sensitivity and rapid response to respiratory moisture changes compared to film counterparts. Integrated into a wireless platform, it enables real‐time, non‐invasive respiratory monitoring, while intrinsic self‐healing ensures long‐term stability. ICR effectively resolves the trade‐off between strength and self‐healing, offering a new paradigm for high‐performance wearable electronics, soft robotics, and adaptive sensors.

The demand for real‐time physiological monitoring drives innovation in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). TENGs offer promise for real‐time dynamic monitoring, but they are often complicated to manufacture, have low sensitivity, and are easily disturbed by ambient humidity. Herein, a fabric‐based integrated triboelectric nanogenerator (F‐TENG) is developed, employing waterborne polyurethane (WPU) as both a water‐resistant encapsulation and friction layer, and polypyrrole (PPy) as a friction and conductive layer. This design simplifies the fabrication process while simultaneously improving the device's resistance to environmental factors. The micro‐filament structure enables localized contact‐separation during deformation, initiating the triboelectric effect, while the 3D architecture amplifies local strain, further enhancing sensitivity to weak signals. F‐TENG demonstrates effective voltage output during carotid and respiratory monitoring, highlighting its capability to detect subtle physiological signals. Furthermore, F‐TENG maintains stable performance under humid conditions, retaining 78.78% of its output voltage as relative humidity increased from 20% to 80%. When implants in the moist environment of a rat's leg, F‐TENG exhibits a notable output of 21 V. In addition, the inherent antibacterial properties of F‐TENG further enhance its application potential. These findings position F‐TENG as a robust and versatile platform for dynamic monitoring, wearable electronics, and integrated diagnostic and therapeutic systems.

The MXene–VO _{2− x} cathode with asymmetric Ti–O–V orbital hybridization at the heterointerface for zinc-ion batteries is designed to stabilize the oxygen vacancies through charge transfer, thus efficiently boosting the electrochemical performance.