Isabelle Guelinckx

Purpose Recent studies suggest that 24-h urine osmolality (UOsm) for optimal water intake should be maintained < 500 mmol·kg⁻¹. The purpose of this study was to determine the total water intake (TWI) requirement for healthy adults to maintain optimal hydration as indicated by 24-h urine osmolality < 500 mmol·kg⁻¹. Methods Twenty-four-hour UOsm was assessed in 49 men and 50 women residing in the United States (age: 41 ± 14 y, body mass index: 26.3 ± 5.2 kg·m⁻²). TWI was assessed from 7-day water turnover, using a dilution of deuterium oxide, corrected for metabolic water production. The diagnostic accuracy of TWI to identify UOsm < 500 mmol·kg⁻¹ was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis in men and women separately. Results Twenty-four-hour UOsm was 482 ± 229 and 346 ± 182 mmol·kg⁻¹ and TWI was 3.57 ± 1.10 L·d⁻¹ and 3.20 ± 1.27 L·d⁻¹ in men and women, respectively. ROC analysis for TWI detecting 24-h UOsm < 500 mmol·kg⁻¹ in men yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 77.4% with sensitivity, specificity, and threshold values of 83.3%, 64.5%, and 3.39 L·d⁻¹, respectively. The AUC was 82.4% in women with sensitivity, specificity, and threshold values of 85.7%, 72.1%, and 2.61 L·d⁻¹. Conclusion Considering threshold values in men and women of 3.4 L·d⁻¹ and 2.6 L·d⁻¹, respectively, maintaining TWI in line with National Academy of Medicine guidelines of 3.7 L·d⁻¹ in men and 2.7 L·d⁻¹ in women should be sufficient for most individuals in the United States to maintain 24-h UOsm < 500 mmol·kg⁻¹.

In the original publication of the article, a mistake was introduced in affiliation of Dr. Michael Nelson.

To report daily total fluid intake (TFI) and fluid types in Indonesia according to age, sex, socio-economic status (SES) and geographic region, and compare TFI with the Indonesian adequate fluid intake (AI) recommendations.

In recent years, evidence has emerged about the importance of healthy fluid intake in children for physical and mental performance and health, and in the prevention of obesity. Accurate data on water intake are needed to inform researchers and policymakers and for setting dietary reference values. However, to date, there are few published data on fluid or water intakes in children. This is due partly to the fact that drinking water is not always reported in dietary surveys. The aim of this paper is to review the current status of the literature and highlight the challenges of assessing total fluid intake in children and adolescents. From the dietary assessment literature it is apparent that children present unique challenges to assessing intake due to ongoing cognitive capacity development, limited literacy skills, difficulties in estimating portion sizes and multiple caregivers during any 1 day making it difficult to track intakes. As such, many issues should be considered when assessing total fluid intakes in children or adolescents. Various methods to assess fluid intakes exist, each with its own strengths and weaknesses; the ultimate choice of method depends on the research question and resources available. Based on the literature review, it is apparent that if the research focus is to assess only fluid intake, a fluid-specific method, such as a diary or record, appears to be a feasible approach to provide an accurate estimate of intakes.

To assess drinking occasions (volume and type) according to consumption with food in or outside meals, and location, for six countries.

This study aimed to identify and characterize patterns of fluid intake in children and adolescents from six countries: Argentina, Brazil, China, Indonesia, Mexico and Uruguay.

Purpose To report total fluid intake (TFI) and the intake of different fluid types in adults (≥ 18 years old) from Mexico, Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay. To compare intakes between countries and with recommended adequate intake (AI) of water from fluids. Methods Cross-sectional data were collected using a validated liquid intake 7-day record (Liq.In⁷) in populations from Argentina (n = 1089), Brazil (n = 477), Mexico (n = 1677) and Uruguay (n = 554). Population characteristics, including age, gender, body mass index and socioeconomic level were recorded. Mean TFI was compared with the AI of water from fluids set by the USA Institute of Medicine. Results The lowest TFI was recorded in Mexican women (1748 mL/day) and the highest in Argentinean men (2318 mL/day). Median daily TFI was significantly different between countries; Uruguay and Argentina had higher values than Mexico and Brazil. In the former, plain water contributed to only 25% of TFI, the remainder being predominantly from hot beverages. Approximately, a third of adults did not drink enough fluid to meet the recommended AI. High SSB consumption was reported, which was significantly different between countries (p < 0.05), the highest being in Mexico (median 25–75th percentiles): 531 (300–895 mL/day. Conclusions This survey highlights the need to increase water consumption and reduce SSB intake in this region to avoid potential associated health risks. These findings may be useful information in monitoring public health policy strategies.

Background: Mean daily water intake from fluids (WATER-FL) has proven to be difficult to measure because of a range of nonvalidated data collection t