Sandra Patricia Crispim

Objective: To identify the nutritional diagnoses (DN) of people using home enteral nutrition (NED), through the application of the second step of the Nutrition Care Process (PCN), using the Standardized Nutrition Care Process Terminology (TPCN). Methods: Observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study with people using NED assisted by the Program of Nutritional Care for People with Special Feeding Needs (PAN) of a municipality in the Southern region of Brazil. Data collection occurred between June 2016 and February 2018, including socioeconomic, demographic, food security, medical history, nutritional status, and food consumption data, and were obtained from people using NED and their caregivers. The DN were identified according to the TPCN of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (AND), organized into three domains: Intake (IN), Clinical Nutrition (NC), and Nutritional Behavior/Environment (CN). Results: 123 people participated, with a mean age of 63.7 ± 21.1 years and a per capita income of 2.6 minimum wages; 41 DN were identified, the most prevalent being: suboptimal fiber and vitamin D intake (100%), swallowing with difficulty (100%), physical inactivity (79.7%), suboptimal self-care management (79.7%), self-feeding with difficulty (79.7%), suboptimal magnesium (68.3%) and folate (67.5%) intake, unintentional weight loss (56.9%), food insecurity (51.2%), and suboptimal protein intake (50.4%). Conclusion: The most frequent DN are related to the intake of essential nutrients, difficulties with swallowing and self-feeding, self-care, and physical activity practice. The standardized diagnosis can guide prioritization and increase the effectiveness of home nutritional intervention.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar erros de medida em recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas duplicados, guiados pelo software Brasil-Nutri, utilizando biomarcadores de recuperação para energia, proteína, sódio e potássio em uma subamostra de participantes do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil). Métodos: Homens e mulheres aparentemente saudáveis e com peso corporal estável foram incluídos no estudo. Dois recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas não consecutivos, guiados pelo software Brasil-Nutri, foram comparados com biomarcadores de recuperação de proteína, potássio e sódio obtidos a partir de duas amostras de urina de 24 horas. O gasto energético total foi avaliado por meio do método da água duplamente marcada. Resultados: Oitenta indivíduos, com idade entre 43 e 72 anos, participaram do estudo. A ingestão energética autorreferida (2.146 kcal/dia) foi inferior ao gasto energético total estimado pelo método da água duplamente marcada (2.526 kcal/dia), com diferença média de 380 kcal/dia. A ingestão autorreferida de proteína (94,9 g/dia) foi superior à estimada pelo biomarcador (87,6 g/dia). Para o sódio, a ingestão média autorreferida foi de 2,9 g/dia em comparação com 4,7 g/dia estimados pelo biomarcador, enquanto a ingestão de potássio foi de 2,9 g/dia versus 3,0 g/dia, respectivamente. Conclusão: O software Brasil-Nutri apresentou desempenho aceitável para estimar a ingestão média populacional de alguns nutrientes; entretanto, erros de medida importantes foram observados, particularmente para a ingestão de sódio. Além disso, as correlações com os biomarcadores de recuperação foram baixas a moderadas, indicando limitações na concordância em nível individual.

Objective: To evaluate measurement errors in duplicate 24-hour dietary recalls, guided by the Brasil-Nutri software, using recovery biomarkers for energy, protein, sodium, and potassium in a subsample of participants from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Methods: Apparently healthy men and women with stable body weight were included in the study. Two non-consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls, guided by the Brasil-Nutri software, were compared with recovery biomarkers of protein, potassium, and sodium obtained from two 24-hour urine samples. Total energy expenditure was assessed using the doubly labeled water method. Results: Eighty individuals, aged 43 to 72 years, participated in the study. Self-reported energy intake (2,146 kcal/day) was lower than the total energy expenditure estimated by the doubly labeled water method (2,526 kcal/day), with a mean difference of 380 kcal/day. Self-reported protein intake (94.9 g/day) was higher than the biomarker estimate (87.6 g/day). For sodium, mean self-reported intake was 2.9 g/day compared with 4.7 g/day estimated by the biomarker, while potassium intake was 2.9 g/day versus 3.0 g/day, respectively. Conclusion: The Brasil-Nutri software showed acceptable performance for estimating population mean intake of some nutrients; however, important measurement errors were observed, particularly for sodium intake. In addition, correlations with recovery biomarkers were low to moderate, indicating limitations in individual-level agreement.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate food insecurity and associated factors during and after remote learning among undergraduates at Brazilian public universities. Methods: This is a comparative study of two cross-sectional studies; the first had its data collection from August 2020 to February 2021, and the second from May 2023 to December 2023. The questionnaire contained socio-economic variables, the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale, the Diet Quality Scale, and the Perceived Stress Scale. Results: In total, 4799 undergraduates of Brazilian public universities responded in the first study, and 2897 responded in the second. Food insecurity was present in 36.5% of the students in 2020/2021 and 35.9% of the students in 2023. In the correspondence analysis, low income, poor health, stress and poor diet were associated with food insecurity in 2020/2021. Low income, reduced income, poor health, stress and diet quality were associated with food insecurity in 2023. Logistic regressions demonstrated that the year of collection, whether during or after remote learning, did not significantly contribute to food insecurity. However, students from low-income families had the highest AOR for food insecurity; no change in income or weight and lower perceptions of stress were associated with a lower AOR for food insecurity.

Background/Objectives: Iodine is an important nutrient for the human body, used in the production of thyroid hormones. During pregnancy, a deficiency can cause miscarriage and hypothyroidism, while an excess can cause thyroid dysfunction. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with the iodine nutritional status of pregnant Brazilian women. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted with pregnant women over 18 years of age, users of the Unified Health System (SUS). A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain sociodemographic information. Iodine status was assessed by urinary iodine concentration (UIC). The iodine content of salt and homemade and industrial seasonings was determined by the titrimetric method. Dietary intake was estimated through a 24-hour dietary recall. The chi-square test and hierarchical multinomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: Among Brazilian pregnant women, the median UIC was 186.7 µg/L (P25: 118.05 µg/L-P75: 280.93 µg/L). Regarding iodine nutritional status, the prevalence of deficiency was 36.7% (n = 694), above the requirement was 28.7% (n = 543), and excess iodine intake was 3.6% (n = 68). We observed that non-white pregnant women were more likely (OR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.27–2.64) to have iodine deficiency, and those who did not work were less likely (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.52–0.98). Pregnant women in the last trimester of pregnancy were less likely to have iodine intake above the requirements (OR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.31–0.88). Conclusions: A substantial proportion of pregnant women had iodine deficiency or intake above the required level. Iodine deficiency is more chance among non-white pregnant women and less chance among those not employed during pregnancy. On the other hand, pregnant women who were in their third trimester of pregnancy were less likely to have iodine intake above the required level.

Corrigendum on: Crispim SP, Elias VCM, Matthew-Duncan L, Francis-Grandeson I, Jean F, de Quadros VP, Balcerzak A, de Sousa RF, Frauches AdM, Almeida CCB, Hutchinson SD, Charrondière UR and Holmes BA (2024) The influence of recipe disaggregation in dietary assessment: results from the national food consumption survey in Saint Kitts and Nevis. Front. Nutr. 11:1404932. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1404932 In the published article, there was an error in the Copyright statement. The statement was incorrectly written as "Copyright © 2024 Crispim, Elias, Matthew-Duncan, Francis-Grandeson, Jean, de Quadros, Balcerzak, de Sousa, Frauches, Almeida, Hutchinson, Charrondière and Holmes. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.". The corrected statement is "Copyright © 2024 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms."The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.In the published article, Supplementary Disclaimer was mistakenly not included in the publication. The missing material appears below:

The scope of this study was to characterize the iodine nutritional status of pregnant Brazilian women according to biochemical and dietary markers. It involved a cross-sectional study of 2,376 pregnant women. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to characterize the population. Urine samples were collected to investigate iodine nutritional status, and a 24-hour recall was used to assess food consumption. For the statistical analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to verify the normality pattern, and descriptive analyses were conducted. The median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was 186.6 µg/L. There was a 36.7% prevalence of iodine deficiency, 28.7% of iodine excess and 3.6% of iodine deficiency. The median iodine concentration was 26.6 mg/kg in salt, 1.1 mg/100 g in seasonings, 2.9 µg/L in water and 19.4 µg/100 g in fresh food. The average iodine intake was 160.2 µg. When assessing dietary intake, 49.8% of the pregnant women had a habitual iodine intake below 160 µg and none had an excessive intake. The conclusion drawn is that the median UIC showed adequate iodine nutritional status, though a high prevalence of iodine deficiency and excess was observed. In addition, iodine nutritional status varied, which may reflect socioeconomic and health inequalities.

Objective: To assess the association between cariogenic ultra-processed foods (UPF) consumption and maternal reports of dental caries and dental pain among preschool children.

The objective of the study was to describe the dietary intake of Brazilian pregnant women assisted by primary healthcare, focusing on the degree of food processing. Data from the cross‐sectional multicenter study of iodine deficiency were analyzed. Participants were selected from basic health units in 11 research centers and completed questionnaires regarding socioeconomic status, demographics, and health. Dietary intake information was collected through 24 h recall and analyzed using GloboDiet software. Descriptive analyses estimated the average energy contribution and confidence interval (%) of NOVA food groups in total energy intake, considering the research center, sociodemographic factors, health status, and pregnancy characteristics. The analysis included 2247 pregnant women without history of thyroid disease or surgery, hypothyroidism, or hypertension. Unprocessed or minimally processed foods accounted for 62.1% of total energy intake, while ultraprocessed foods accounted for 23.8%. Food consumption predominantly occurred at home across all NOVA food groups. Ultraprocessed food consumption was lower during lunch and dinner but higher after dinner and when consumed outside the home, particularly in street settings, markets, parks, and/or beaches, compared with other food groups. This pattern was more prevalent among younger pregnant women ( p < 0.001), those of white or yellow race ( p = 0.007), residing in urban areas ( p = 0.03), and with higher monthly household income ( p = 0.001). These findings indicate a significant impact on the overall nutritional quality of the diet among pregnant women, with variations based on factors such as age, place of residence, race, income, place of consumption, and occasion of consumption.