Benjamin L. Kee
Current Organizations / Institutes
The organizations/institutes from the scholar's latest article
Benjamin L. Kee has a total of 16 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:
- Robert J. Kee
Colorado School of Mines
2 shared publications - Sandrine Ricote
Colorado School of Mines
2 shared publications - Steven C. DeCaluwe
Colorado School of Mines
2 shared publications - Canan Karakaya
Manufacturing Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
1 shared publication - David Curran
Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
1 shared publication - Huayang Zhu
Engineering Division, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
1 shared publication
Latest Publications
- Open Access
- 7 May 2024
- Published by Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
Assessment of Heavy-Duty Fueling Methods and Components
Building on the successful commissioning and demonstration of NREL's heavy-duty (HD) fast flow research facility under the Innovating Hydrogen Station's Project, researchers advanced R&D activities to the next phase under a new project titled, Assessment of Heavy-Duty Fueling Methods and Components. This Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) is led by NREL in partnership with NextEnergy, Argonne National Laboratory, and Chevron with NextEnergy representing a larger group of industry partners that includes AirLiquide, Hyundai, Nel, Nikola, Shell, and Toyota. The CRADA seeks to develop a comprehensive assessment of HD fuel cell electric vehicle fueling protocols and fueling hardware to understand the effects of fueling protocol architectures on station design, vehicle design, functional safety requirements, and the implications on the total cost of ownership (TCO) and techno economic assessment (TEA).
- 7 May 2024
- Published by Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI)
Open AccessAssessment of Heavy-Duty Fueling Methods and Components
Building on the successful commissioning and demonstration of NREL's heavy-duty (HD) fast flow research facility under the Innovating Hydrogen Station's Project, researchers advanced R&D activities to the next phase under a new project titled, Assessment of Heavy-Duty Fueling Methods and Components. This Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) is led by NREL in partnership with NextEnergy, Argonne National Laboratory, and Chevron with NextEnergy representing a larger group of industry partners that includes AirLiquide, Hyundai, Nel, Nikola, Shell, and Toyota. The CRADA seeks to develop a comprehensive assessment of HD fuel cell electric vehicle fueling protocols and fueling hardware to understand the effects of fueling protocol architectures on station design, vehicle design, functional safety requirements, and the implications on the total cost of ownership (TCO) and techno economic assessment (TEA).
- Open Access
- 1 November 2019
- Published by Elsevier in Electrochimica Acta
- Vol. 323
Modeling and simulation of the thermodynamics of lithium-ion battery intercalation materials in the open-source software Cantera
- 1 November 2019
- Published by Elsevier in Electrochimica Acta
- Vol. 323
Open AccessModeling and simulation of the thermodynamics of lithium-ion battery intercalation materials in the open-source software Cantera
- Open Access
Channelized Substrates Made from BaZr0.75Ce0.05Y0.2O3−d Proton-Conducting Ceramic Polymer Clay
A novel process for producing thick protonic ceramics for use in hydrogen separation membrane reactors is demonstrated. Polymer clay bodies based on polyvinyl acetate (PVA) and mineral oil were formulated, and they permitted parts with complex architectures to be prepared by simple, low-pressure molding in the unfired, “green” state. Ceramic proton conductors based on doped barium zirconate/cerate, made by solid-state reactive sintering, are particularly well-suited for the polymer clay process. In this work, the ceramic proton conductor, BZCY755 (BaZr0.75Ce0.05Y0.2O3−d) was fabricated into a variety of shapes and sizes. Test coupons were produced to confirm that the polymer clay route leads to a high-quality ceramic material suitable for the demanding environment of high-temperature membrane reactors. It has been demonstrated that protonic ceramic specimens with the requisite properties are easily prepared at the laboratory scale. The polymer clay fabrication route opens up the possibility of high-volume, low-cost manufacturing at a commercial scale, by a process similar to how dinnerware and sanitary porcelain are produced today.
Open AccessChannelized Substrates Made from BaZr0.75Ce0.05Y0.2O3−d Proton-Conducting Ceramic Polymer Clay
A novel process for producing thick protonic ceramics for use in hydrogen separation membrane reactors is demonstrated. Polymer clay bodies based on polyvinyl acetate (PVA) and mineral oil were formulated, and they permitted parts with complex architectures to be prepared by simple, low-pressure molding in the unfired, “green” state. Ceramic proton conductors based on doped barium zirconate/cerate, made by solid-state reactive sintering, are particularly well-suited for the polymer clay process. In this work, the ceramic proton conductor, BZCY755 (BaZr0.75Ce0.05Y0.2O3−d) was fabricated into a variety of shapes and sizes. Test coupons were produced to confirm that the polymer clay route leads to a high-quality ceramic material suitable for the demanding environment of high-temperature membrane reactors. It has been demonstrated that protonic ceramic specimens with the requisite properties are easily prepared at the laboratory scale. The polymer clay fabrication route opens up the possibility of high-volume, low-cost manufacturing at a commercial scale, by a process similar to how dinnerware and sanitary porcelain are produced today.
- Open Access
Thermodynamic Insights for Electrochemical Hydrogen Compression with Proton-Conducting Membranes
Membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) based on proton-conducting electrolyte membranes offer opportunities for the electrochemical compression of hydrogen. Mechanical hydrogen compression, which is more-mature technology, can suffer from low reliability, noise, and maintenance costs. Proton-conducting electrolyte membranes may be polymers (e.g., Nafion) or protonic-ceramics (e.g., yttrium-doped barium zirconates). Using a thermodynamics-based analysis, the paper explores technology implications for these two membrane types. The operating temperature has a dominant influence on the technology, with polymers needing low-temperature and protonic-ceramics needing elevated temperatures. Polymer membranes usually require pure hydrogen feed streams, but can compress H efficiently. Reactors based on protonic-ceramics can effectively integrate steam reforming, hydrogen separation, and electrochemical compression. However, because of the high temperature (e.g., 600 C) needed to enable viable proton conductivity, the efficiency of protonic-ceramic compression is significantly lower than that of polymer-membrane compression. The thermodynamics analysis suggests significant benefits associated with systems that combine protonic-ceramic reactors to reform fuels and deliver lightly compressed H (e.g., 5 bar) to an electrochemical compressor using a polymer electrolyte to compress to very high pressure.Open AccessThermodynamic Insights for Electrochemical Hydrogen Compression with Proton-Conducting Membranes
Membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) based on proton-conducting electrolyte membranes offer opportunities for the electrochemical compression of hydrogen. Mechanical hydrogen compression, which is more-mature technology, can suffer from low reliability, noise, and maintenance costs. Proton-conducting electrolyte membranes may be polymers (e.g., Nafion) or protonic-ceramics (e.g., yttrium-doped barium zirconates). Using a thermodynamics-based analysis, the paper explores technology implications for these two membrane types. The operating temperature has a dominant influence on the technology, with polymers needing low-temperature and protonic-ceramics needing elevated temperatures. Polymer membranes usually require pure hydrogen feed streams, but can compress H efficiently. Reactors based on protonic-ceramics can effectively integrate steam reforming, hydrogen separation, and electrochemical compression. However, because of the high temperature (e.g., 600 C) needed to enable viable proton conductivity, the efficiency of protonic-ceramic compression is significantly lower than that of polymer-membrane compression. The thermodynamics analysis suggests significant benefits associated with systems that combine protonic-ceramic reactors to reform fuels and deliver lightly compressed H (e.g., 5 bar) to an electrochemical compressor using a polymer electrolyte to compress to very high pressure. - 1 July 2019
- Published by Elsevier in Catalysis Today
- Vol. 331, 7-11
Equilibrium thermodynamic predictions of coking propensity in membrane-based dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons and alcohols
- 1 July 2019
- Published by Elsevier in Catalysis Today
- Vol. 331, 7-11
Equilibrium thermodynamic predictions of coking propensity in membrane-based dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons and alcohols