Gustavo Costardi Palin

This study sought to identify and quantify the trampling of carcasses of animals along the highways in the northwest region of the state of Paraná and for this it was necessary the support of the Environmental Police of Paraná, where animals carcasses were collected along the highways BR-376, PR-082, PR-151, PR-180, PR-182, PR-323, PR-486, PR-489, PR-490, PR-151 and PR-518. After the receipt of the specimens, the identification was carried out through the external morphology according to the taxonomic classification, then, were realized the dissection and autopsy. Roadkill of 50 specimens were recorded, being 10 birds, seven reptiles and 33 mammals. With the identification of the animals species run over in this study, it is possible to conclude that the construction of highways and the intense traffic of cars and trucks have caused significant environmental problems because it is necessary to deforest areas rich in flora and fauna to their construction and with this situation there is change in the migratory routes of animals and food behavior change that significantly increases the chances of a roadkill and the animals come to death. Studies like this one, are required to submit the environmental impacts (environment and wild animals) that the constructions or even the increase of highways cause on flora, fauna, and also for the environment itself to be proposed before the work plan with measures that aim to reduce these impacts.

Five male specimens of the species Molossus rufus from north‐western Parana were captured, identified, packaged and transported to the laboratory for weighing and later euthanasia with isoflurane. They were laparatomized for evaluation of macroscopic characteristics and the digestive tube segments were collected for fixation in 10% neutral formalin for histological processing, after 48 h of fixation. Macroscopically, the digestive tube had an oesophageal segment in the abdominal cavity, with a J‐shaped saccular stomach, in addition to a small intestine divided into duodenum, jejunum‐ileum and terminal ileum. In the large intestine, an organ dilatation was observed from the small intestine with a one‐way oral‐aboral ending in the anus, which was called the descending colon. Morphological similarity of the walls of all segments with those of other mammals was observed; however, it presented some peculiarities such as the absence of oesophageal glands, Brunner in the intestine, cecum and appendages. The anatomical disposition and tissue pattern were similar to that found in other insectivorous species. The adaptations of the digestive tube of this species are possibly due to the insectivorous feeding habits, which can be impacted due to anthropic actions in foraging environments.

Coturniculture has been promising, progressing from a subsistence to a technical activity due to its quick production, low breeding investment, and rapid economic return. After the restriction of antimicrobials as growth promoters, some studies aimed to evaluate alternative products that would make the farming of healthy birds viable without impacting their performance, with commercial Macleaya cordata extract being one of these substitutes. The functions of the gastrointestinal tract are coordinated mainly by the enteric nervous system, and the myenteric plexus is responsible for the reflex control of contractile activities of the external muscles. Thus, this study located and demonstrated the distribution of the myenteric plexus, quantifing the total population of myenteric neurons (Giemsa+) and the subpopulation of myenteric nitrergic neurons (NADPH-d+), and evaluated the effects of commercial Macleaya cordata extract on these populations of quail jejunum neurons. A total of 240 one-day-old female laying quails were distributed into four treatments, with four repetitions of 15 birds each. The test groups (T1, T2, and T3) were treated with commercial Macleaya cordata extract throughout the experimental period using the following doses: T1 - test group, basal diet added with 150 ppm of the extract in the feed; T2- test group, basal diet added with100 ppm of the extract in the feed; T3 - test group, basal diet added with 50 ppm of the extract in the feed; and T4 - control group, basal diet with no added extract. The study included histological analysis, Giemsa+, and NADPH-d+ myenteric neuron staining. The results showed that the myenteric plexus is located between longitudinal layer fibers and in the transition region between the longitudinal and circular layers of the muscular tunic, with the myenteric population organized into ganglia and isolated in the region of neuronal fiber bundles. The commercial Macleaya cordata extract showed no quantitative changes in the myenteric Giemsa+ population and myenteric NADPH-d+ subpopulation, however, the groups that consumed the extract showed greater NADPH-d+ neuron activity compared to the control group, implying that the food remained longer in the intestinal lumen, therefore, enabling greater nutrient use and resulting in increased productive performance.

Science museums constitute a predominant cultural space visited by children and adolescents, and are most often used to consolidate knowledge acquired in formal education, as well as knowledge of empirical origin. The collection of the UNIPAR science museum has wild animals of the taxidermized Brazilian fauna, which, in turn, highlighting the fauna of the northwestern region of Paraná, fulfilling the role of museum collections, because besides being a collection, the pieces found in them should be conserved and researched, contributing to the knowledge and improvement of the scientific study in basic education, popularizing the knowledge. Within the dynamics of the museum it is still possible to develop scientific research that may result in discoveries such as an accessory spleen found in a species of Felidae, the description of such a structure is very scarce in the literature. Thus science museums collaborate directly with teaching, research and university extension.

This study aimed to macroscopically and microscopically evaluate the healing of skin wounds induced in rats by topical application of cassava polyamide biopolymer hydrogel. In total, 32 rats were used and divided into four groups (n= 8): negative control - saline solution; positive control - use of commercial ointment; experimental group - I - ointment + cassava hydrogel; experimental group - II - cassava hydrogel. A 1cm² wound induced on the animals dorsum was treated and evaluated. At day 21 post-operation, the animals were sacrificed by anesthetic overdose, and then 1cm² of cicatricial skin from the wound region was collected. The material was cut to evaluate healing. In the macroscopic evaluation, complete healing was observed at the end of 21 days. Re-epithelialization was observed histologically; the connective tissue in the negative control, positive, and experimental - I groups was characterized by an abundance of collagen fibers, fibroblasts, and blood vessels. In experimental group - II additional healing was observed, as evidenced by the arrangement of collagen fibers and fibroblasts, and the reduction of neoformed vessels. Thus, we concluded that the hydrogel can assist in healing skin wounds, especially in the remodeling phase.