Aulia Ramadhani

Background: Cognitive impairment, including dementia, is a growing global health challenge, particularly as populations age. Previous studies have identified periodontitis and diabetes mellitus as modifiable risk factors for dementia, potentially linked through systemic inflammation. We hypothesize that systemic inflammation induced by periodontitis may contribute to an increased risk of cognitive impairment. Therefore, this study aims to explore the correlation between periodontal inflammation and the risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in type II diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods: Baseline data analysis was performed as an analytical cross-sectional study among diabetic patients aged 40 and older who met the inclusion criteria from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) from November 2020 to April 2023. Periodontal inflammation was measured using the Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area (PISA) score. The MCI risk score was calculated using blood samples to assess eight protein markers correlated to MCI (ApoA1, TTR, C3, Albumin, ApoC1, A1BG, A2AP, and HPX). Fisher’s exact test and Spearman’s correlation analysis were performed. Results: 29 T2DM patients were included in the study. There was a significant difference in MCI risk score between the low and high PISA levels group (p < 0.05). Patients with low PISA scores tend to have a lower risk of MCI (p < 0.00). Variables correlated with MCI risk are PISA (ρ = 0.37; p < 0.05) and TTR levels (ρ = −0.51; p < 0.01). ApoA1 has a correlation with CRP (ρ = 0.42; p < 0.05) and IL-6 (ρ = 0.43; p < 0.05), and C3 (ρ = 0.42; p < 0.05) was correlated with CRP. Conclusions: This study found that periodontal inflammation status has a potential correlation to the risk of MCI.

Objectives This article investigates the changes in blood-based biomarkers associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) risk in type 2 diabetic patients following local antibiotic periodontal treatment. Materials and Methods A secondary analysis of data from a 24-week randomized controlled trial was conducted, involving 27 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. Participants received periodontal treatment biweekly from baseline until the 6th week of the study. Fourteen patients in intervention group received scaling with local antibiotic adjunct (Periofol 2%). The outcomes were periodontal inflammation score, which was measured using periodontal inflamed surface area, the inflammation markers levels (tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein, and interleukin [IL]-6), and MCI risk score, which was assessed using protein plasma analysis through blood test. The evaluations were performed at baseline and week 24th in both groups. The changes in periodontal inflammation scores, inflammation parameters, and MCI risk in baseline and week 24th were analyzed. Statistical Analysis The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for within-group analysis and the Mann–Whitney U test was utilized for between-group analysis. Results Periodontal parameters were improved in both groups (p < 0.05). IL-6, complement C3, and alpha-2-antiplasmin levels were significantly decreased in the intervention group (p < 0.05). In between-group comparisons, there was a significant difference between the control and intervention groups in apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein C1, and alpha-1-B glycoprotein levels in week 24th (p < 0.05). Conclusion Even though the periodontal status showed significant improvement after being given local antibiotic periodontal treatment, the changes in MCI risk proteins plasma remained unclear.

Japan initiated a nationwide oral health promotion movement called the 8020 Campaign in 1989, which promoted oral health via a positive message: let’s keep at least 20 teeth when we reach the age of 80. This study aimed to understand Japan’s 8020 Campaign in terms of its content, actors, processes, and context. This study used qualitative data collection methods consisting of a literature review and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs). The data were analyzed using the health policy triangle framework. The results showed that the 8020 Campaign promoted oral health for individuals of all ages using a life-course approach and followed the Ottawa Charter framework for its core activities. The major facilitating factors suggested were stable financial support, initiatives led by local governments, the enactment of oral health laws and ordinances, the establishment of the 8020 Promotion Foundation, and increased attention focused on preventive approaches to oral health in Japan.

This study aims to assess the variance of the cost-effectiveness ratio of the school-based oral health promotion and prevention program for elementary school children. This review protocol was registered in the international database of Prospectively Registered Systematic Reviews in Health and Social Care (PROSPERO) (No: CRD 42022326734). The search for articles conducted in March-April 2022 focuses on any kind of school-based Promotive and Preventive Program for elementary school children that have control groups, and the outcome was Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER). Grey literatures are not eligible. This review used five databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Google Scholar). Two independent reviewers referred to the PICO for inclusion and exclusion criteria and carried out the systematic review process. JBI ACTUARI Guidance for Critical Appraisal of Economic Evaluation Assessment Tools was used to assess the quality of the study. Of the total 1,473 articles found, there were 5 articles that matched the article search criteria and were included in a systematic review. It was known that the labor cost has a large proportion of the total program cost, and cost-saving programs were found in the two milk fluoridation programs (18.59 USD and 1.7 USD/averted DMF-S), fluoride mouth rinsing program (10.86 USD), and a comprehensive program with glass ionomer cement (461,766.37 USD/averted DALYs). The fluoride programs and the comprehensive program with glass ionomer cement have the lowest cost-effectiveness ratio.

(1) Background: The aim of this study is to review the benefits of the 8020 Campaign since its inception. (2) Methods: We followed the PRISMA guideline and collected information regarding the 8020 Campaign through online database searches. (3) Results: Twenty-five studies met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for analysis. The main outcomes of the 25 included studies were reviewed. The quality evaluation demonstrated a range of studies showing a credible relationship between masticatory function, number of teeth, salivary secretion, frequent dental check-ups, and general health concerns. Due to the risk of bias, publication bias, and indirectness, 22 studies were considered that only had “fair” quality. (4) Conclusions: The 8020 Foundation funded several of the studies, and other research papers noted the 8020 Campaign in their papers, however there were no clear explanations for any direct relationship between their findings and the 8020 Campaign. As a result, evidence for the direct effectiveness and benefits assessment of the 8020 Campaign positive outcomes were compromised by confounding social and economic variables over the 30-year period. To fully elucidate how improvement in Japan’s oral health was directly related to the 8020 Campaign, a more informed and systematic explanation of the campaign’s structure and activities is required.

Karies gigi merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang paling banyak ditemukan pada anak. Hal ini berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan di Surabaya pada anak usia pra-sekolah menunjukkan prevalensi karies gigi yang tinggi (67.5%) dengan tingkat keparahan yang juga tinggi (def: 7.0). Hal ini dapat disebabkan karena rendahnya pengetahuan ibu terkait kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Rendahnya pengetahuan tersebut disebabkan oleh rendahnya kemauan ibu untuk mengakses informasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang berdampak pada perawatan kesehatan gigi anak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian epidemiologi yang dilakukan oleh tim FKG Unair, Salah satu media yang paling banyak digunakan oleh para ibu di Surabaya dalam mengakses informasi di internet adalah aplikasi YouTube, dengan prevalensi sebesar 46.2%. Selain itu didukung pula dengan persentasi ibu-ibu yang memiliki smartphone dengan akses internet di Surabaya sangat tinggi yaitu sebesar 91.6%. Kami menawarkan solusi pembuatan video edukasi yang merupakan media yang cukup diminati ibu wali murid di wilayah Keputih dengan tujuan untuk menyediakan akses informasi pada masyarakat Keputih tentang kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Bermitra dengan Puskesmas Keputih, Surabaya, program sosialisasi ini diikuti oleh 30 orang wali murid SDN Medokan Semampir 1. Metode pelaksanaan program ini adalah dengan penyebaran link video yang akan diunggah di aplikasi YouTube. Video edukasi kesehatan gigi dan mulut dibuat berseri dan diunggah setiap minggunya di kanal YouTube Gigi Sehat. Dari kanal YouTube tersebut, akan dievaluasi jumlah penonton tiap minggunya. Sosialisasi video diawali dengan pemberian pre-test dan post-test mengenai kesehatan gigi dan mulut. Dari 30 partisipan yang hadir, didapatkan lebih dari 75% responden mengalami peningkatan skor post-test. Jumlah penonton video juga mengalami peningkatan tiap videonya. Dari peningkatan pengetahuan, jumlah penonton, serta respon positif terhadap video ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa program pemberdayaan masyarakat ini berhasil.

Karies gigi atau gigi berlubang merupakan salah satu masalah gigi yang menyerang anak-anak hingga lansia dan masih banyak dijumpai di Indonesia, termasuk kota besar seperti Surabaya. Berdasarkan hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar, karies gigi masih mencapai 70% di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian epidemiologi yang dilakukan di wilayah Puskesmas Jagir, yang memiliki jumlah lansia binaan yang tinggi, didapatkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kejadian karies gigi dengan performa fisik para lansia. Namun, di Puksesmas Jagir belum ada edukasi kesehatan gigi mulut dan performa fisik yang disosialisasikan. Padahal, angka karies gigi di wilayah Jagir juga masih tinggi. Berangkat dari latar belakang tersebut, digagaslah program SEIMUT PERSIA ini sebagai media berupa video yang berisi informasi kesehatan gigi dan performa fisik untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan lansia. ,Bermitra dengan Puskesmas Jagir, Surabaya, program ini diikuti oleh 20 orang peserta lansia. Kegiatan diawalai dengan metode pendekatan individu melalui wawancara, pemberian materi edukasi dengan pemutaran video SEIMUT PERSIA, pemaparan hasil wawancara, dan evaluasi sumatif untuk menilai keefektifan video. Dari 20 responden didapatkan hasil rata-rata 75% setuju bahwa video Seimut Persia memberikan informasi tentang kesehatan gigi mulut dan performa fisik yang baik, menarik untuk ditonton, dan mudah dipahami. Respon positif terhadap video SEIMUT PERSIA ini menandakan bahwa media edukasi tersebut dinilai efektif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada lansia.

Ith a total sample of 85 respondents. This study used a questionnaire for risk factor assessment, as well as intra-oral examination using the DMF-T index (decay, missed, filled teeth index) and the OHI-S (Oral Hygiene Index Simplified). Data that had been obtained were processed to determine the caries level based on the DMF-T index. From the DMF-T index data, a cross-tabulation test was carried out between the DMF-T score and education level, age, daily expenditure, use of prostheses, toothbrush habits, knowledge of oral health, and status of oral hygiene presented in table form. Data analysis was conducted by using SPSS Ver 18 Software Program (IBM, New York). Results: Overall, 65% of the respondents have a high DMF-T score (>6). The results of the cross-tabulation test with the DMF-T score showed that age (OR = 1.151), educational background (OR = 2.625), access to health services (OR = 1.140), knowledge of dental caries (OR = 1.040), and the OHI-S score (OR = 3.087) were risk factors for the severity of dental caries. However, only the OHI-S score showed a significant Odds Ratio (OR) <0.05. Conclusions: The OHI-S score variable represented the risk factor of caries severity in the childbearing-age mother population in Urung-urung Village....

Objectives: The aim of this study is to demonstrate how an integrated information system of mother and toddler cohorts can be developed as a basis of the continuum of care approach that subsequently can be used as the basis of early detection of risk factors of maternal mortality. Methods: This research was carried out qualitatively. The data was collected through three techniques: in-depth interviews, focus group discussion, and document studies at six public health centers located in four sub-districts of Surabaya, Indonesia. This research was conducted from 2016 to 2018. Results: The data collected from this research has become a basis input data requirement analysis for an integrated mother and toddler cohort information system. The system accommodates all the variables in each period of pre-marriage, pregnancy, labor, infancy and toddlerhood. The system facilitates healthcare workers to retrieve data and information related to mother and toddler health status. Conclusions: The availability of various pieces of information enables the health status of mothers and toddlers to be monitored thoroughly throughout their long-life cycle. This continuum of care approach is beneficial in the early detection and management of risk factors of maternal mortality, such as pregnancy complications as well as childbirth and postpartum complications.