Amit Mahadeo Gaikwad

Dental implants have become the primary alternative for patients with lost teeth, but biofilm formation and subsequent bacterial-associated infections, like peri-implantitis, are persistent challenges. The development of antibacterial implant coatings is an important approach to reduce or prevent bacterial infections at the implant. Given the complexity of the oral cavity and the importance of some commensal bacteria, it is crucial to develop antibacterial implant coatings that release the active ingredient only when needed. In this work, an enzyme-triggered drug delivery coating consisting of chitosan with a covalently bound self-immolative linker with an enzyme-labile group and ciprofloxacin as antibiotic was synthesized. Although already the linker-drug-conjugate showed antibacterial activity against Actinomyces naeslundii also in the absence of penicillin-G-amidase (PGA), biocompatibility assays indicated enzymatic activation. Moreover, a stable drug delivery system (DDS) on titanium was established in which this compound was covalently bound to chitosan and alginate was used as a polyanion for layer-by-layer dip coating. The coating was characterized by ellipsometry and demonstrated optimal biocompatibility while exhibiting enhanced antibacterial activity against A. naeslundii biofilm after enzymatic activation, providing proof of principle for this enzyme-responsive approach to drug delivery.

Purpose: To critically appraise the quality and reliability of YouTube videos regarding peri‐implant diseases and conditions as a source of information for patients, students, and young clinicians.Materials and Methods: In March 2023, electronic searches were performed on YouTube website to identify videos related to peri‐implant diseases and conditions. We considered only the relevant 250 English‐language videos with durations between 3 and 30 min for final analyses. Following the eligibility criteria videos were evaluated for their demographic data, including number of views; number of likes, dislikes, and comments; days since upload; duration; and number of subscribers. Moreover, two assessors independently evaluated the quality and reliability of the included videos using the DISCERN and Video Information and Quality Index (VIQI) tools. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Spearman correlation analysis (∝ = 0.05).Results: A total of 69 videos were included for profound analyses. The average DISCERN and VIQI scores were 35.04 ± 6.3 and 14.18 ± 2.46, with 53 videos categorized as “poor” quality using the DISCERN tool. A Spearman rank correlation analysis presented a strong agreement between the DISCERN and VIQI scores (r = .753; p < .001). Nevertheless, based on different sources of upload, no statistically significant differences were reported for video demographics, interaction index, and DISCERN and VIQI scores.Conclusions: Although YouTube videos on peri‐implant diseases and conditions present accurate preliminary information, their reliability still remains uncertain. Hence, we urge respective policymakers to recognize, endorse and produce high‐quality videos for accurate information dissemination.

Background: There is a continuous research in the area of biomimetic coatings on the titanium (Ti) implant surfaces for improved survival and long-term successful outcomes in the field of dentistry and orthopedics. In-vitro approaches are ideal systems for studying cell-material interactions without complexity and interference observed in in-vivo models.Purpose: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the osteoblast characteristics and function on Ti substrates coated with the novel composite coating of ceramic apatite-wollastonite (AW) and polymer chitosan.Materials and methods: Ti substrate coated with composite AW-Chitosan was synthesized, using electrophoretic deposition. MG-63 cells were seeded onto the coated substrates and cellular morphology and growth was assessed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Laser Scanning Microscopy (LSM). Osteocalcin expression of the seeded cells was assessed by FITC tagging and LSM analysis. Alizarin Red S staining and Confocal LSM (CSLM) analysis was used to study the in-vitro mineralization on the titanium samples.Results: The AW-Chitosan coating on Ti samples by electrophoretic deposition exerted significant positive influence on cell proliferation, growth and mineralization as compared to uncoated titanium samples. Scanning electron microscopy and laser confocal microscopy experiments revealed that the coating was non-toxic to cells, enhanced adhesion and proliferation of MG-63 cells. Increased functional activity was observed by increased production of bone-specific protein osteocalcin and mineralized calcium through day 7 and 14.Conclusions: The present study underscores that optimal inorganic-organic phase nanocomposite crack-free coating created on Ti by simple, cost-effective electrophoretic deposition technique may have osteoconductive potential and may have wide application in the field of implantology.

Aim: To investigate the electromyographic activity of masseter and temporalis muscles in full dentate participants after deprogramming with various muscle deprogramming devices (MDDs). Materials and Methods: The current study was a randomized crossover clinical trial. After the screening of 96 individuals, 30 participants were included based on the eligibility criteria. Surface electromyographic (SEMG) activity of masseter and temporalis muscles was analyzed in different clinical conditions: Condition A—at rest without muscle deprogramming, Condition B—after clenching without muscle deprogramming, Condition C—subsequent to 30 min of deprogramming by cotton rolls, Condition D—subsequent to 30 min of deprogramming by Leaf gauge, Condition E—subsequent to 30 min of deprogramming by Lucia jig, Condition F—subsequent to 24 h of deprogramming by Kois deprogrammer. The inter-group comparison was performed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, and the pairwise comparison was done using Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: ANOVA showed a statistical significant difference in the electromyographic activity of masseter and temporalis muscles in tested individuals, subsequent to deprogramming with different MDDs. Between the tested MDDs, the lowest mean muscle activity was reported with the Kois deprogrammer and the highest with cotton rolls, when used for deprogramming. Conclusion: Muscle deprogramming with the Kois deprogrammer presented lowest muscle activity in both masseter and temporalis muscles involving both sides, thus confirming its effectiveness in achieving patient’s centric relation position.