Saijie Song

BACKGROUND: Kiwifruit soft rot is a devastating post‐harvest disease that leads to significant economic losses in the kiwifruit industry. Although chemical pesticides can effectively inhibit pathogenic fungi, their conventional formulations still have disadvantages such as poor stability, low utilization rate, and high environmental risks. Therefore, developing environmentally friendly and multifunctional smart pesticide delivery system (PDS) is key to achieving sustainable plant disease control. RESULTS: In this study, we developed a multifunctional PDS by using β ‐cyclodextrin ( β ‐CD)‐modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) as a nanocarrier for prochloraz (Pro) delivery. The nanopesticide (Pro‐MSN‐ β ‐CD) exhibited high loading efficiency (68.74%) and demonstrated pH‐ and α ‐amylase‐responsive controlled release behavior. In addition, it also exhibited enhanced foliar adhesion and rain erosion resistance performance. In vitro antifungal assays showed 100% inhibition of Botryosphaeria dothidea at 1 μg mL ⁻¹ . Post‐harvest trials on kiwifruit revealed superior protective (67.50%) and curative (58.59%) efficacy against soft rot. Biosafety assessments confirmed minimal phytotoxicity in mung bean germination tests. CONCLUSION: The Pro‐MSN‐ β ‐CD nanopesticide offered an efficient, biosafe, and environmentally friendly solution for controlling kiwifruit soft rot. Its stimuli responsive release and enhanced targeting performance provided a sustainable strategy for post‐harvest disease management, contributing to the advancement of precision agriculture. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has emerged as a versatile, non-invasive physical modality with growing potential in regenerative medicine and neural repair. Advances in ultrasound physics and biomedical engineering have enabled precise spatiotemporal control of acoustic stimulation, positioning therapeutic ultrasound as an alternative to conventional pharmacological and surgical interventions that often suffer from limited targeting and substantial side effects. Unlike high-intensity focused ultrasound, which relies primarily on thermal ablation, LIPUS operates within a low-energy, non-thermal regime and modulates cellular behavior through mechanical cues, mechano-transduction, and downstream biological responses. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that LIPUS regulates calcium dynamics, cytoskeletal remodeling, neurotrophic factor expression, inflammation, myelination, and local vascular remodeling, thereby promoting functional recovery in both peripheral and central nerve injury models. Moreover, the integration of LIPUS with biomaterials, including piezoelectric scaffolds and acoustically responsive drug delivery systems, has expanded its functionality from direct stimulation to on-demand electrical signaling and controlled therapeutic release. Despite these advances, challenges remain regarding parameter standardization, mechanistic consistency, and clinical translation. In this review, we summarize the systems, parameters, and biological mechanisms underlying LIPUS, discuss its applications in peripheral and central nerve injury repair, and highlight emerging strategies and translational barriers toward intelligent, multimodal, and personalized ultrasound-based therapies.

Lambda-Cyhalothrin (LC) is a high-efficiency and broad-spectrum insecticide. However, due to its poor water dispersion stability and unstable efficacy, it has many problems in practical applications. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new formulations with stability, low toxicity, and environmental friendliness to overcome the drawbacks of traditional pesticide formulations. This study designed an iron-based metal-organic framework (MIL-101(Fe)) as a nanocarrier for the loading of LC and then surface modified it with polydopamine (PDA) to form the nanopesticide PDA-LC-MIL. The results showed that PDA-LC-MIL has good stability and can achieve controlled release of pesticide by adjusting the pH value. In addition, it also has a good leaf affinity and can effectively adhere on crop leaves, improving the utilization rate of pesticides. The insecticidal experimental results indicate that PDA-LC-MIL has significantly improved sustained insecticidal activity. PDA-LC-MIL also has good biocompatibility and shows no significant inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling growth of Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek and maize. Therefore, we firmly believe that MIL-based nanopesticides will have broad application prospects in the field of green pesticides and modern agriculture.

In recent years, nanocarrier-based pesticide delivery systems have provided new possibilities for the efficient utilization of pesticides. In this research, we developed a hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-modified graphene oxide (GO-HP-β-CD) nanocarrier for pyraclostrobin (Pyr) delivery and studied its application for tobacco target spot disease control. GO-HP-β-CD has excellent pesticide-loading performance for Pyr (adsorption capacity of 1562.5 mg/g) and good water dispersibility and stability. Besides, GO-HP-β-CD shows pH-responsive release performance. In addition, GO-HP-β-CD also has better leaf affinity than Pyr, and it can effectively adhere to the leaf surface after simulated washing. The results of antifungal experiments indicate that GO-HP-β-CD-Pyr has a good preventive effect on tobacco target spot disease, and its EC₅₀ value is 0.384 mg/L, which is lower than Pyr. Specifically, this nanopesticide formulation does not contain toxic organic solvent or additive, so it has good environmental friendliness. Therefore, we believe that the GO-HP-β-CD-Pyr nanopesticide has brilliant potential in the prevention and control of tobacco diseases.

Pesticides play a crucial role in ensuring food production and food security. Conventional pesticide formulations can not meet the current needs of social and economic development, and they also can not meet the requirements of green agriculture. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop efficient, stable, safe, and environmentally friendly pesticide formulations to gradually replace old formulations which have high pollution and low efficacy. The rise of nanotechnology provides new possibilities for innovation in pesticide formulations. Through reasonable design and construction of an environmentally friendly pesticide delivery system (PDS) based on multifunctional nanocarriers, the drawbacks of conventional pesticides can be effectively solved, realizing a water-based, nanosized, targeted, efficient, and safe pesticide system. In the past five years, researchers in chemistry, materials science, botany, entomology, plant protection, and other fields are paying close attention to the research of nanomaterials based PDSs and nanopesticide formulations and have made certain research achievements. These explorations provide useful references for promoting the innovation of nanopesticides and developing a new generation of green and environmentally friendly pesticide formulations. This Perspective summarizes the recent advances of nanomaterials in PDSs and nanopesticide innovation, aiming to provide useful guidance for carrier selection, surface engineering, controlled release conditions, and application in agriculture.

The nanomaterialization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has aroused widespread interest among researchers. Sanguinarine (SAN) is a kind of TCM with good antibacterial properties, which has important applications in anti-infection of wounds. Additionally, the combination of photothermal therapy and chemotherapy can overcome bacterial resistance, further improving bactericidal and wound healing efficiency. In this paper, we prepared an antibacterial agent by loading SAN on the zwitterion-modified MXene quantum dot nanocarrier (SAN@AHEP@Ta₄C₃), realizing pH/NIR controlled drug release and photothermal/chemotherapy synergistic antibacterial and wound healing. The particle size of SAN@AHEP@Ta₄C₃ is about 120 nm, and it has a good water solubility and stability. In addition, it also has excellent photothermal conversion performance (η = 39.2%), which can effectively convert light energy into heat energy under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation, further promoting drug release and achieving bactericidal effects by synergistic chemotherapy and photothermal therapy. The in vitro and in vivo experiments show that SAN@AHEP@Ta₄C₃ exhibits an excellent antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and it can effectively promote the wound healing of mice. Moreover, the SAN@AHEP@Ta₄C₃ also has good biocompatibility and has no side effects on normal tissue and organs. This work introduces a multifunctional antibacterial agent based on TCM and hot-spot material MXene, which will have considerable application prospects in biomedical fields.

Tissue loss and end-stage organ failure are serious health problems across the world. Natural and synthetic polymer scaffold material based artificial organs play an important role in the field of tissue engineering and organ regeneration, but they are not from the body and may cause side effects such as rejection. In recent years, the biomimetic decellularized scaffold based materials have drawn great attention in the tissue engineering field for their good biocompatibility, easy modification, and excellent organism adaptability. Therefore, in this review, we comprehensively summarize the application of decellularized scaffolds in tissue engineering and biomedicine in recent years. The preparation methods, modification strategies, construction of artificial tissues, and application in biomedical applications are discussed. We hope that this review will provide a useful reference for research on decellularized scaffolds and promote their application tissue engineering.