Dongying Li

Virtual simulation has become an increasingly used pedagogical approach in nursing education, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite rapid uptak

Objective: To conduct a scoping review on the fundamental aspects, application effectiveness, and existing problems of telemedicine in home-based palliative care (HBPC) patients, with the aim of providing evidence-based insights for future practice and research, particularly for healthcare systems such as China’s that are in the developmental stages of HBPC. Methods: Relevant studies were systematically retrieved from databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, ScienceDirect, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, and CBM from their inception to February 2, 2026.using a comprehensive set of keywords related to telemedicine, home-based care, and palliative care. Included studies were summarized and analyzed. Results: A total of 18 studies were included. Telemedicine applications in HBPC are diverse, encompassing forms such as applications and video conferencing. Their core content covers six key elements, including symptom management and psychological support. Telemedicine demonstrated positive effects in improving patients’ symptom burden, quality of life, and optimizing healthcare resource utilization. Conclusion: Telemedicine, as a feasible, effective, and cost-efficient supplementary model for HBPC, shows great potential. For contexts like China, Future efforts should focus on conducting high-quality research, improving policy support and talent cultivation, and enhancing cultural adaptability to promote its standardized development and large-scale application.

Background: Avoiding postoperative delirium (POD) can have a significant detrimental effect on the rehabilitation and prognosis of elderly urological patients. It is necessary to explore the risk factors associated with POD in elderly urology to provide a basis for clinical recognition of delirium. Methods: For relevant studies, we comprehensively searched Embase, MEDLINE, Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. The search deadline was September 2021. Results: We identified 2046 studies, 8 of which were included in the ultimate analysis. A total of 8 articles, including 356 cases in the delirium group and 1813 cases in the non-delirium group, were included in the relevant literature. The 2 groups mentioned above differed significantly in the following factors: history of delirium (odds ratio [OR] = 6.98, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.63–29.86, P = .009); Preoperative use of psychotropic drugs (OR = 1.97, 95% CI: 1.11–3.52, P = .02); age (OR = 3.10, 95% CI: 2.08–4.12, P < .0001). The meta-analysis demonstrated that smoking, alcohol consumption, gender (male), mode of anesthesia (general anesthesia) and being unmarried did not have a significant effect on POD in elderly urological patients. Conclusion: The risk factors for POD in elderly urological patients include history of delirium, preoperative use of psychotropic drugs, and age. The present study provides guidance for taking targeted preventive measures to reduce risks.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is an emergent worldwide health crisis, and rates are growing globally. Aerobic exercise is an essential measure for patients with diabetes, which has the advantages of flexible time and low cost. Aerobic exercise is a popular method to reduce blood glucose. Due to the lack of randomized trials to compare the effects of various aerobic exercises, it is difficult to judge the relative efficacy. Therefore, we intend to conduct a network meta-analysis to evaluate these aerobic exercises. Methods: According to the retrieval strategies, randomized controlled trials on different aerobic exercise training will be obtained from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library, regardless of publication date or language. Studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool will be used to evaluate the quality of the literature. The network meta-analysis will be performed in Markov Chain Monte Carlo method and carried out with Stata14 and OpenBUGS software. Ultimately, the evidentiary grade for the results will be evaluated. Results: Eighteen literatures with a total of 1134 patients were included for the meta-analysis. In glycemia assessment, Tennis (standard mean difference = 3.59, credible interval 1.52, 5.65), had significantly better effects than the named control group. Tennis (standard mean difference = 3.50, credible interval 1.05, 5.59), had significantly better effects than the named Taiji group. Conclusion: All together, these results suggest that tennis may be the best way to improve blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study may provide an excellent resource for future control glycemia and may also serve as a springboard for creative undertakings as yet unknown.

Background: Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common disorder after stroke. Physical therapy has been widely used in the rehabilitation of patients with dysphagia after stroke. Due to the lack of randomized trials directly comparing the efficacy of various physical therapies directly, the relative efficacy of these methods is difficult to determined. Therefore, we intend to conduct a network meta-analysis to evaluate the benefits of these physical therapies. Methods: According to the retrieval strategies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on physical therapies for stroke patients with dysphagia will be obtained from CNKI, Wan Fang Data, PubMed, Web of science, Embase databases and Cochrane Library, regardless of publication date or language. Studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool will be used to evaluate the quality of the literature. The network meta-analysis will be performed in Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method and carried out with Stata14 and OpenBUGS14 software. Ultimately, the evidentiary grade for the results will be evaluated. Results: This study will compare the efficacy of physical therapies in the treatment of stroke patients with dysphagia and suggests a reasonable clinical choice. Conclusion: Our findings will provide references for future guidance developing and clinical decision.

Background: Childbirth is a complex and special physiological process. Pain often accompanies the whole process of delivery. Long term pain will affect the physiological and psychological of pregnant women, and severe pain will affect the delivery process and the life of maternal and fetal. There are 2 ways to relieve delivery pain: drug analgesia and nonpharmacological analgesia. Nonpharmacological analgesia has less effect on the fetus than drug analgesia and is currently a more popular method for labor analgesia. Due to the lack of randomized trials comparing the efficacy of various nonpharmacological analgesia, it is still difficult to judge the relative efficacy. Therefore, we intend to conduct a network meta-analysis to evaluate the benefit among these nonpharmacological analgesia. Methods: According to the retrieval strategies, randomized controlled trials on nonpharmacological analgesia delivery will be obtained from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang,SinoMed, PubMed, Web of science, Embase, and Cochrane Library, regardless of publication date or language. Studies were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool will be used to evaluate the quality of the literature. The network meta-analysis will be performed in Markov Chain Monte Carlo method and carried out with Stata14 and OpenBUGS14 software. Ultimately, the evidentiary grade for the results will be evaluated. Results: This study will provide more reasonable choice for clinic than the effect of nonpharmacological analgesia in parturient delivery. Conclusion: Our findings will provide references for future guidance developing and clinical decision. INPLASY registration number: INPLASY202080097.

To systematically evaluate the effect of early mobilization on the physical function of patients in intensive care unit (ICU). The randomized controlled trials (RCT) about early intervention in ICU patients were retrieved from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Wed of Science, Medline, CBM, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang database, all of which were published literatures from the establishment to October 2018. Early activities were carried out in the intervention group, while only routine nursing was carried out in the control group. Outcome measures included the medical research council score (MRC-Score), physical function ICU test (PFIT), independent walking ability, score of quality of life health survey short form (SF-36), incidence of ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) and hospital mortality. Two researchers independently screened the literature, evaluated the quality of the literature and extracted the data. After literature selection, literature quality evaluation and date extraction was performed, and RevMan 5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis. The publication bias was analyzed by funnel plot. A total of 13 literatures were included, 10 in English and 3 in Chinese; of the 1 347 patients, 695 in intervention group and 652 in control group. Compared with the control group, the MRC-Score was increased in intervention group [mean difference (MD) = 4.74, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 2.30-7.19, P = 0.000 1], independent walking ability was improved [odds ratio (OR) = 2.04, 95%CI = 1.39-2.99, P = 0.000 3], the incidence of ICU-AW was decreased (OR = 0.22, 95%CI = 0.14-0.35, P < 0.000 01), and there was no significant difference in PFIT (MD = -0.19, 95%CI = -0.69-0.31, P = 0.46), physical health (PCS) after 6 months (MD = -1.39, 95%CI = -4.18-1.39, P = 0.33) and inpatient mortality (OR = 0.77, 95%CI = 0.53-1.12, P = 0.17) between two groups. It was shown by funnel plot that the publication bias of each literature was relatively small in terms of MRC-Score, PFIT, independent walking ability and SF-36. Early mobilization are beneficial for the physical function recovery of ICU patients, which can improve the muscle strength, improve the ability of patients to walk independently, reduce the occurrence of ICU-AW, and do not increase the mortality rate in hospital.