Max Richard Kelly
Current Organizations / Institutes
The organizations/institutes from the scholar's latest article
Research Subjects
Research Interests
Max Richard Kelly has a total of 10 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:
- James Grant Burgess
School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
2 shared publications Muhammad Reza Cordova
2 shared publicationsSusan Jobling
2 shared publications- Alan J. Jamieson
Minderoo‐UWA Deep‐Sea Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences and Oceans Institute The University of Western Australia Perth Western Australia Australia
1 shared publication Martyn Kurr
School of Natural and Environmental Sciences , Newcastle University , Ridley Building , Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU , U.K.
1 shared publication- Neil J. Lant
Procter & Gamble, Newcastle Innovation Center, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
1 shared publication
Latest Publications
- Open Access
- 29 August 2025
- Published by Elsevier in Regional Studies in Marine Science
- Vol. 90
Meta-analysis of the spatial distribution and composition of plastic macro-debris in Indonesia
- 29 August 2025
- Published by Elsevier in Regional Studies in Marine Science
- Vol. 90
Open AccessMeta-analysis of the spatial distribution and composition of plastic macro-debris in Indonesia
- Open Access
- 18 April 2022
- Published by Elsevier in Environmental Pollution
- Vol. 305, 119314
Bacterial colonisation of plastic in the Rockall Trough, North-East Atlantic: An improved understanding of the deep-sea plastisphere
- 18 April 2022
- Published by Elsevier in Environmental Pollution
- Vol. 305, 119314
Open AccessBacterial colonisation of plastic in the Rockall Trough, North-East Atlantic: An improved understanding of the deep-sea plastisphere
- 28 August 2019
- Published by American Chemical Society (ACS) in Environmental Science & Technology
- Vol. 53 (20) , 11735-11744
Importance of Water-Volume on the Release of Microplastic Fibers from Laundry
The influence of laundry washing parameters on the release of microfibres (MF) from polyester textiles was studied. These fibres are an important type of microplastic pollution. However, the factors which affect MF release during laundry, are poorly understood and more rigorous methods for quantifying this release are needed. A novel method was therefore developed using a tergotometer with eight (1000 mL) washing vessels and the CIELab colour space measure of lightness (L*). L* was related to the mass of released MFs by creating a calibration curve to quantify the amounts of MFs released from textiles during washing. This method was used to investigate the effect of water-volume, agitation, temperature, and duration of the wash on MF release. Counter-intuitively, increased water-volume, characteristic of European ‘delicate’ cycles, resulted in the greatest release of MFs. Full-scale testing was then carried out using domestic washing machines with real consumer cycles to determine the effect of cycle type on MF release. In the first wash, delicate wash cycles released 800,000 more MFs (94 mg/kg) per wash than a lower water-volume standard wash and also increased MF release in subsequent washing cycles (P < 0.05). These results indicate that a high water-volume-to-fabric ratio is the most influential factor for MF release, rather than agitation as previously thought. Therefore consumers can reduce MF release by avoiding high water-volume washes (delicate cycles), transitioning to appliances that use a lower water-volume (North American high-efficiency washing machines), and ensuring full wash loads are used.
- 28 August 2019
- Published by American Chemical Society (ACS) in Environmental Science & Technology
- Vol. 53 (20) , 11735-11744
Importance of Water-Volume on the Release of Microplastic Fibers from Laundry
The influence of laundry washing parameters on the release of microfibres (MF) from polyester textiles was studied. These fibres are an important type of microplastic pollution. However, the factors which affect MF release during laundry, are poorly understood and more rigorous methods for quantifying this release are needed. A novel method was therefore developed using a tergotometer with eight (1000 mL) washing vessels and the CIELab colour space measure of lightness (L*). L* was related to the mass of released MFs by creating a calibration curve to quantify the amounts of MFs released from textiles during washing. This method was used to investigate the effect of water-volume, agitation, temperature, and duration of the wash on MF release. Counter-intuitively, increased water-volume, characteristic of European ‘delicate’ cycles, resulted in the greatest release of MFs. Full-scale testing was then carried out using domestic washing machines with real consumer cycles to determine the effect of cycle type on MF release. In the first wash, delicate wash cycles released 800,000 more MFs (94 mg/kg) per wash than a lower water-volume standard wash and also increased MF release in subsequent washing cycles (P < 0.05). These results indicate that a high water-volume-to-fabric ratio is the most influential factor for MF release, rather than agitation as previously thought. Therefore consumers can reduce MF release by avoiding high water-volume washes (delicate cycles), transitioning to appliances that use a lower water-volume (North American high-efficiency washing machines), and ensuring full wash loads are used.