Bilge Meral Koç

Aim: This study aims to examine the content of the videos about traditional complementary feeding (TCF) or complementary feeding (CF) vs baby-led weaning (BLW) on the YouTube social media platform. Method: The 250 videos obtained by a researcher dietitian typing “Complementary feeding in infants” and “BLW feeding in infants” in English and Turkish in the search tab on the YouTube platform, with a view count of 10,000 or more, between 2015 and 2024, were watched by a study participant. The watched videos were evaluated using DISCERN (Quality Criteria for Consumer Health Information), GQS (Global Quality Score), JAMA (The Journal of the American Medical Association), and VIQI (Video Information and Quality Index). The data obtained were statistically evaluated using the SPSS 21.0 package program. Findings: 40.8% of the videos were found to be at a moderate level according to DISCERN classification, and 46.8% were at a high level according to GQS classification. There was a difference between BLW and complementary feeding videos in terms of video duration, number of views, and VIQI2 score (p<0.05). While 54.5% of the videos published in Türkiye were found to be poor according to the DISCERN category, 34.9% of the videos published in other countries were found to be weak (p=0.001). While 22.6% of the videos where the person in the video was a dietitian were poorer according to the DISCERN category, 83.8% of the videos where the person in the video was an influencer were found to be weak (p=0.001). Conclusion: The most popular videos were found to be those featuring influencers. The quality of videos featuring dietitians was higher than that of the videos featuring influencers. The videos of dietitians and physicians are more fluent and convey more information.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of nutritional education (NE) planned for volleyball players who live in a socioeconomically disadvantaged area on the level of nutritional knowledge and diet quality. The study was conducted with volleyball players between the ages of 9 and 14 who were studying in schools in disadvantaged areas of Istanbul between July 2022 and August 2022. NE was applied in 3 separate modules. As a data collection tool, the General Information and Nutritional Habits Questionnaire, from which information about the hypothesis of the study will be obtained, was used both pre- and post-NE. A 1-day (24-hour) food consumption record was taken from the study group at the beginning and end of the study. Again, at the beginning of the study, the Diet Quality Index (DQI-I) of the food consumption records was calculated to analyze the current diet quality of the players at the end. The nutritional knowledge level of 40 volleyball players participating in the study increased post NE (p0.05). There is no statistically significant difference between the total DQI-I scores (p>0.05). The 3-week nutrition education given as a result of the study, which was planned to examine the effect of nutrition education on the nutritional knowledge level and diet quality of volleyball players living in disadvantaged areas, caused a significant increase in the level of nutrition knowledge, while it did not create significant changes in the DQI-I. It is thought that the reason for this situation is related to socioeconomic level, the availability of high nutritional value food, and the level of nutritional knowledge of families. There is a need for necessary practices in the dissemination of nutrition education in the adolescent period.

Background: In addition to the health effects of plant‐based diets, their impact on the environment is becoming increasingly important. This study was conducted to assess the impact of adherence to a plant‐based diet on sustainable eating behaviors.Materials and methods: This cross‐sectional study was conducted on 2122 Turkish adults, 73% female and 27% male. The plant‐based diet index (PDI), healthy plant‐based diet index (hPDI) and unhealthy plant‐based diet index (uPDI) were obtained from a validated semi‐quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). After the index scores were calculated, the sample was divided into tertiles for each index. The sustainable eating behaviors of the participants were determined with the ‘Behaviors Scale towards Sustainable Nutrition’.Results: The PDI and hPDI levels of female participants were found to be higher than those of male participants. Factors such as age, exercise and educational status were also found to affect adherence to a plant‐based diet. In regression models, PDI (Model 1; β: 0.413, Model 2; β: 0.369, Model 3; β: 0.367) and hPDI (Model 1; β: 0.462, Model 2; β: 0.366, Model 3; β: 0. 351) scores had a positive effect on sustainable eating behavior scores, whereas uPDI (Model 1; β: −0.496, Model 2; β: −0.471, Model 3; β: −0.459) scores had a negative effect (P < 0.001).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that individuals with higher adherence to overall plant‐based and healthy plant‐based diets exhibit more sustainable eating behaviors. Promoting healthy plant‐based diets presents a promising approach to advancing sustainable nutrition, and mitigating environmental challenges. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Although complementary feeding (CF) and maternal attitudes towards infant feeding are known to affect the nutritional status of infants during the neonatal period, studies in this field remain limited. The present study aimed to determine CF practices for infants aged 6–12 months who live in Turkey and maternal attitudes towards infant feeding. In addition, the effects of CF practices and maternal attitudes on the nutritional status of infants were examined. This study included 720 infants, of whom 289 were aged 6–8 months and 431 were aged 9–12 months. CF status was assessed using the CF index (CFI), and maternal attitudes towards infant feeding were measured using the Iowa infant feeding attitude scale (IIFAS). The weight and length measurements of infants were categorized using z‐scores. Infants with weight‐for‐age z‐score (WAZ) and weight‐for‐length z‐score (WLZ) of less than −2 standard deviation were categorized as malnourished. Mothers of malnourished infants were found to have lower CFI and IIFAS scores (p < 0.05). Consistency of fruit feeding and complementary foods in the first 3 days of CF was associated with WAZ. The mothers' level of knowledge about CF and appropriate CF practices significantly affects the nutritional status of infants. The tools used in the present study to monitor CF practices should be incorporated into public health programmes.

Amaç: Okul öncesi çocuklarda antropometrik ölçümler ve besin tüketim kaydı ile beslenme durumunun saptanması ve şekerli içecek tüketim sıklığı Kindl Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği (Kindl Health Releated Quality of Life Scale) ile obezite ilişkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma örneklemi 2-5 yaş arası n=358 okul öncesi dönemdeki çocuklardan oluşturmaktadır. Tanımlayıcı kesitsel türde planlanan bu çalışma katılımcıların beslenme durumunu saptamak ve şekerli içecek tüketim durumlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla ebeveynlere şekerli içecek tüketim sıklığı anketi, 24 saatlik ve 3 günlük besin tüketim kaydı dosyaları, Google anket formu ile, çevrimiçi yöntem kullanılarak veriler toplanmıştır. Antropometrik ölçümleri araştırmacı tarafından, öğretmenleri kontrolünde planlanan günlerde yüz yüze yapılmıştır. Velilere 3 günlük besin tüketim kaydı ise elden dosya gönderilmiştir. Yaşam kalitesi ölçütü olarak Kindl kullanılmış olup, yaş gruplarına göre özel olarak ayrılmış olup çalışmamızda 4-6 yaş Kiddy ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmamız toplam 358 gönüllü ile tamamlanmıştır. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde popülasyonun %22,9’unun obezitesi olan çocuklardan oluştuğu belirlenmiştir. Şekerli içecek tüketim sıklıklarına ve günlük diyetsel sükroz alımlarına göre değerlendirildiğinde; obezitesi olan çocukların zayıf ve normal grupta olan çocuklara göre alımlarında bir fark bulunamamıştır (p

Preterm bebekler (37. Gebelik haftasından önce doğmuş olarak tanımlanır) zamanında doğmuş term bebeklere göre daha yüksek demir eksikliği ve demir eksikliği anemisi riski altındadır. Preterm bebekler, erken doğum nedeniyle üçüncü trimesterde aktarılan demirden mahrumdur. Bu durum doğum sonrası daha düşük demir depoları ile sonuçlanır ve doğum sonrası orantısal hızlı büyüme sebebi ile demire olan ihtiyaç artar. Demir, vücudun büyüme ve gelişimi için temel bir besin olduğundan eksikliğinde gelişebilecek birçok sağlık sorunu ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Özellikle beyin üzerinde geri dönüşü olmayan bilişsel bozukluklara neden olmaktadır. Mevcut araştırmalar, demir durumunun iyileştirilmesi için aşırı demir yükü riskine rağmen takviye kullanımını desteklemektedir. Ancak kullanım dozu ve zamanı hakkında henüz bir fikir birliği sağlanamamıştır. Preterm bebekler olgunlaşmamış antioksidan sistemlere sahip olduğu için, prooksidan olan demirin aşırı alımı birçok sağlık sorununa sebep olabilmektedir. Bu sebeple aşırı demir yükünden kaçınılmalı ve dengeli bir takviye alımı sağlanmalıdır. Ayrıca preterm bebeklerin sağlıklı büyüme ve gelişim sağlayabilmesi için yeterli enerji, protein, vitamin ve mineral alımı büyük bir önem taşımaktadır. Anne sütünün içerdiği demirin biyoyararlanımı yüksek olsa da içeriğindeki demir miktarı az olduğundan, bebeğin demir durumunu iyileştirmede yetersiz kalabilmektedir. Demir takviyesi ile güçlendirilmiş anne sütü veya formül mama kullanımı da öneriler arasındadır. Bu derleme çalışmasında yenidoğan preterm bebeklerde demir eksikliği tedavisinde takviye kullanımının etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.

Amaç: Beden algısı, algılanan ile sahip olunan vücut ağırlığı arasındaki uyum olup beden algısındaki bozulmalar duygu durum bozukluğu, depresyon, yeme bozuklukları, obezite, aşırı artmış fiziksel aktivite gibi olumsuz durumlara zemin oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı 20-55 yaş arası kadınların beden algısının ve beden memnuniyetinin değerlendirilmesidir.Yöntem: Çalışmaya 20-55 yaşları arasında 236 kadın katılmıştır. Çalışmada katılımcılardan antropometrik ölçümler, sosyodemografik özellikler ve obeziteye dair bilgi düzeyinin belirlenmesine yönelik bilgiler alınmıştır. Beden algılarının saptanması için belirli Beden Kütle İndeksi (BKİ) değerlerine sahip 1’den 6’ya kadar sıralanmış kimliksiz silüetler katılımcılar tarafından kişilik, sağlık, sosyal özelliklerine göre değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan kadınların %65,3’ünde beden ağırlığı memnuniyetsizliği olduğu; memnun olmayanların %92,2’sinin ise ağırlık kaybetmek istedikleri gözlemlenmiştir. Katılımcılar düşük BKİ’ye sahip silüetleri kişilik, sosyal, sağlık yönünden daha olumlu özellikler ile eşleştirmiştir. Beden memnuniyetsizliğinin ve bozuk beden ağırlığı algısının artan BKİ, yaş, kronik hastalık durumu ile anlamlı bir biçimde ilişkili olduğu; eğitim düzeyi, meslek grubu, fiziksel aktivite düzeyi, obeziteye dair bilgi düzeyi ile anlamlı bir ilişkisi olmadığı saptanmıştır.Sonuç: Kadınların çoğunda bozuk beden algısı olduğu daha ince bir vücut görünümünü idealleştirdikleri, hafif şişman silüetleri obez olarak niteledikleri tespit edilmiştir.

Aim This study aimed to discover the effects of coconut oil intake and diet therapy on anthropometric measurements, biochemical findings and irisin levels in overweight individuals. Materials and methods Overweight individuals (n = 44, 19–30 years) without any chronic disease were included. In this randomized controlled crossover study, the participants were divided into two groups (Group 1: 23 people, Group 2: 21 people). In the first phase, Group 1 received diet therapy to lose 0.5–1 kg of weight per week and 20 mL of coconut oil/day, while Group 2 only received diet therapy. In the second phase, Group 1 received diet therapy while Group 2 received diet therapy and 20 mL of coconut oil/day. Anthropometric measurements were taken four times. Irisin was measured four times by enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) method and other biochemical findings were measured twice. Statistical analysis was made on SPSS 20. Results The irisin level decreased significantly when the participants only took coconut oil (p ≤ 0.05). There was a significant decrease in the participants’ body weight, body mass index (BMI) level and body fat percentage (p ≤ 0.01). Insulin, total cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride (TG) levels of all participants decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference in irisin level due to body weight loss (p ≤ 0.05); coconut oil provided a significant decrease in irisin level (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion Diet therapy and weight loss did not have an effect on irisin level, but coconut oil alone was found to reduce irisin level. Coconut oil had no impact on anthropometric and biochemical findings.

This study was conducted to determine the nutritional and physical activity statuses of adolescents and to examine the relationship between their nutritional and physical activity levels and anthropometric measurements. The sample of this study was composed of 2.000 students from 20 secondary schools in Istanbul, Turkey. The physical activity levels were also examined using the survey, food consumption levels were determined by applying the 24-h Dietary Recall. The height and weight were measured and evaluated by World Health Organization (WHO) growth references. Among the male students (n = 888), 50.9% were normal weighted, 25.8% were overweight, 19.2% were obese, and 2.2% were severely obese. The percentage of those who were normal weight was higher (65.5%) among the female adolescents (n = 852), and 21.8% of the females were overweight, 10.2% were obese, and 0.9% were severely obese. The differences in terms of intake values of all food items were found to be statistically significant (p < .05). There was no statistically significant difference in the food consumption of male and female adolescents in terms of the level of intake of macronutrients. Children and adolescents need to be provided an adequate, balanced nutrition and physical activity to help them grow and develop healthily.