Paulo Floriani Kramer

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a reactive lesion that most commonly affects the gingiva but may also occur at less frequent intraoral sites, complicating clinical diagnosis, particularly in pediatric patients. This paper reports a case of lingual PG in a seven‐year‐old girl and provides a descriptive review of published pediatric cases. The lesion developed following a reported episode of local trauma to the tongue, although the specific nature of the trauma was unknown, and presented as a painless, ulcerated nodular growth on the left anterior dorsum of the tongue. An excisional biopsy was performed, and the diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination. Complete healing was observed, with no recurrence after 3 months of follow‐up. A descriptive literature review was conducted through a structured search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for published cases of oral PG in children aged 0–12 years. Thirty‐six cases met the eligibility criteria. Most lesions involved the gingiva, while extragingival sites included the tongue, lips, and palate. Conventional surgical excision was the most frequently reported initial treatment. This case and the literature review highlight that PG may occur at atypical intraoral sites in children and requires careful clinical evaluation and histopathological confirmation.

Purpose To investigate the distribution and risk factors of oral inclusion cysts (OICs) at birth, estimate the prognosis and analyse the impact on breastfeeding and tooth eruption in the first year-of-life. Methods A birth cohort study was conducted at Canoas University Hospital, southern Brazil, including 1181 mother–child dyads. Oral inclusion cysts were assessed at the hospital shortly after birth. Data on feeding practices and tooth eruption were collected at 6 and 12 months. A second clinical examination was performed at 12 months. Poisson regression with robust variance was used for statistical analysis. Results The prevalence of OICs at birth was 72.4% (95% CI 69.7–75.1%), with no significant differences across maternal or infant characteristics. Oral inclusion cysts had no impact on breastfeeding in the first hour of life or at 30 days (RR = 1.45; 95% CI 0.90–2.35), nor on the timing of tooth eruption (RR = 0.90; 95% CI 0.79–1.02). At 12 months, the prevalence of OICs was 1.5%. Conclusion OICs are common, transient findings in early infancy and do not affect breastfeeding or the eruption of primary teeth. Training healthcare professionals to recognise their benign nature can help prevent unnecessary treatments.

The evaluation of oral health services is an essential component of surveillance efforts aimed at improving health indicators and the quality of care. Aim: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to describe the characteristics of the oral healthcare work process in primary care settings in Porto Alegre, a major city in southern Brazil. Materials and Method: Data on patient profiles and process evaluation components were provided by the Porto Alegre Primary Healthcare Board. An electronic questionnaire was administered to dentists to assess the structure components. Data were classified into three modules: patient profile (sex and age), structure (human resources), and process (actions and procedures). Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted, including the calculation of absolute and relative frequencies. Results: In 2022, a total 414,682 dental appointments were recorded, the majority involving women and individuals aged 35–59 years. Most dentists were young women, primarily specialized in collective health. The process analysis highlighted a strong focus on preventive and health promotion actions, although fluoride applications, sealants, and cariostatic agents were underutilized. Composite resin restorations in permanent teeth were common. Dental emergencies accounted for 17% of cases, and 95% of surgical procedures consisted of extractions and sutures. Additionally, dentists performed integrative practices and other activities, such as rapid testing and vital sign measurements, particularly in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: The findings of this study are intended to inform strategies and service management aimed at improving oral health care in the primary care setting of Porto Alegre.

Pessoas com necessidades especiais (PNE) são as que apresentam limitações, temporárias ou permanentes, e que exigem atenção diferenciada. Esses indivíduos precisam de atendimento especializado e profissionais de saúde aptos para atendê-los. Deste modo, o ensino de Odontologia para o acolhimento com resolutividade terapêutica de PNE é essencial nos cursos de Odontologia. Esse estudo tem como objetivo apresentar o panorama do ensino de “Odontologia para Pessoas com Necessidades Especiais (OPNE)” nos currículos dos cursos de Odontologia do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brasil. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de uma busca na internet no sítio eletrônico do Ministério de Educação e Cultura e nos sítios eletrônicos dos cursos de Odontologia de cada Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES). Cada curso - público ou privado, foi avaliado quanto à presença do ensino de OPNE; estruturação curricular - obrigatória; eletiva/optativa e projeto de extensão; metodologia oferecida - teórica e/ou prática; carga horária e nomenclatura utilizada. Verificou-se que o RS tem 23 IES com curso de graduação em Odontologia e 11 (47,8%) - duas públicas e nove privadas - apresentam ensino de OPNE. Quatro apresentam-se como obrigatória; cinco como eletiva/optativa e duas como projeto de extensão. Quanto ao processo pedagógico, nove apresentam o ensino na forma teórico/prático e duas somente teórico. Não existe uma padronização quanto à nomenclatura, carga horária e período/semestre em que a mesma é ofertada. A partir dos resultados obtidos pode-se inferir que, além da necessidade de expandir o ensino de OPNE nos cursos de graduação em Odontologia no RS, é preciso estabelecer diretrizes e protocolos para a estruturação de uma base comum de ensino e aprendizagem. Conclui-se, então, que há necessidade de maior conhecimento e capacitação acadêmica favorecendo a atenção odontológica e maior inclusão de PNE.

Objective: To investigate the inclusion of pediatric dentistry in the curricular matrix of dental courses in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Objective: Describe baseline maternal and newborn variables in a birth cohort study.

The emergence of toothpastes containing different abrasive and whitening substances has been a constant concern among dental professionals. The aim of the present study was to perform an in vitro assessment of the surface topography of nanoparticle composite resins subjected to simulated brushing with dentifrices. Test samples were prepared with Filtek Universal (3M ESPE), Filtek Bulkfill (3M ESPE) and Z350 (3M ESPE), with 24 samples per resin. A testing machine was used to simulate brushing with the dentifrices Colgate Total 12, Oral B 100% and Oral B Gengiva Detox Gentle Whitening (8 samples per group). The constant speed of the machine was 250 cycles per minute, and 20.000 cycles were carried out, which corresponds to 24 months (1 hour and 20 minutes). Roughness features and qualitative surface topography were investigated. Statistical analysis involved the Kruskal–Wallis, Wilcoxon and Mann–Whitney tests. A significant increase in surface roughness was found for all the resins (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was found among the resins in terms of final roughness values (p = 0.690). In contrast, a significant difference among dentifrices was found with respect to roughness measurements (p < 0.001). The qualitative analysis revealed an increase in surface roughness in all the samples and differences in the abrasive potential of the dentifrices. In conclusion, brushing with dentifrices increases the surface roughness parameters of composite resin restorations. Moreover, the differences in the abrasive effects of the dentifrices indicate a need for further studies to establish efficacy and safety criteria.

To evaluate scientific production on disabled persons with dental care needs over a 20-year period.

Purpose Estimate the incidence of teething symptoms and investigate risk factors at three centers in different regions of Brazil. Methods A prospective cohort study enrolled children at birth in the cities of Manaus (northern region), Porto Alegre (southern region) and Salvador (northeast region). Sociodemographic and anthropometric variables were collected at baseline and 6 months. At 12 months, data were collected on the child's health through structured interviews and dental examinations, including the primary outcome: occurrence of signs and symptoms of tooth eruption reported by parents. Statistical analysis involved Poisson regression with robust variance, with calculation of relative risks (RR). Results The incidence of teething symptoms was 82.4% (238/289). The multivariate analysis revealed a higher occurrence of the outcome in the city of Salvador (RR = 1.39; 95% CI 1.23–1.58), when mother’s education was more than 11 years (RR = 1.31; 95% CI 1.04–1.65), when a larger number of individuals resided in the home (RR = 1.15; 95% CI 1.02–1.29), when a smoker resided in the home (RR = 1.16; 95% CI 1.03–1.31) and when the child presented flu or cold in the first year of life (RR = 1.23; 95% CI 1.09–1.38). The most reported symptoms were fever (50.5%), irritability (42.6%), itching (40.8%) and diarrhea (35.3%). Most parents (82%) took some action to alleviate symptoms, including unprescribed systemic medication, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-diarrheic agents. Conclusion Reports of teething symptoms were associated with the city investigated, socioeconomic factors of the families and characteristics of the child's health. A high rate of administering unprescribed medication was also found.