Lena Serafin

Aim: To examine the association between nurses' safety attitudes and rationing of nursing care, and to identify organisational and individual factors associated with the frequency of care rationing. Design: Cross‐sectional, correlational study. Methods: Data were collected from 224 registered nurses working in hospital settings in Poland. Three instruments were used: the Perceived Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care Questionnaire, the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire—Short Form (Polish cultural adaptation), and an author‐developed questionnaire assessing sociodemographic characteristics and work environment factors. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression. Results: The majority of nurses demonstrated negative safety attitudes, with fewer than one in five participants scoring above the established positive safety attitudes threshold. More positive safety attitudes were associated with lower levels of rationing of nursing care. Education level, hospital referral level, patient age group, and nurse age were identified as factors significantly associated with care rationing. Higher education level, higher hospital referral level, and providing care to adult patients were associated with increased rationing, whereas older age was associated with lower rationing. Conclusion: Rationing of nursing care is associated with nurses' safety attitudes as well as with selected organisational and individual factors. These findings highlight the multifactorial nature of care rationing and underscore the role of safety culture in nursing care delivery. Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care: Strengthening patient safety culture may contribute to reducing omissions in nursing care. Healthcare organisations—particularly those operating in complex, high‐acuity settings—should implement strategies that optimise workload distribution and support clinical decision‐making. The findings also indicate that nurse age, rather than years of professional experience, may play a role in managing competing care demands, suggesting the potential value of structured mentoring and supervision programmes for less experienced nurses. Reporting Method: This study adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) reporting guidelines for cross‐sectional studies. Patient or Public Contribution: This study did not include patient or public involvement in its design, conduct, or reporting.

Background and Purpose: Reliable measurement of nurse–nurse collaboration requires psychometrically sound instruments with stable factor structures across cultural contexts. Previous cross-cultural studies of the Nurse–Nurse Collaboration Scale (NNCS) suggest variability in its dimensional structure. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the NNCS (NNCS-Pl). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 312 professionally active nurses in Poland. The NNCS was translated and culturally adapted following established guidelines. Construct validity was examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Convergent and discriminant validity and internal consistency were also assessed. Results: CFA indicated acceptable overall model fit but limited discriminant validity. EFA yielded a refined five-factor, 26-item structure with satisfactory reliability (α = .73–0.84; ω = .72–.85). Conclusions: The NNCS-Pl demonstrates satisfactory reliability and construct validity and is suitable for research on nurse–nurse collaboration in cross-cultural contexts.

Background: The transition from education to professional practice represents a critical period in nurses’ early careers and is often accompanied by challenges related to professional adjustment, confidence, and job satisfaction. Occupational self‐efficacy and perceptions of the first workplace may play an important role in shaping early work experiences; however, their interrelationships remain insufficiently explored. Aim: To explore the relationships between occupational self‐efficacy, job satisfaction, and perceived factors influencing the choice of the first workplace among early‐career nurses and to explore the potential mediating role of selected first‐job choice factors in the association between occupational self‐efficacy and job satisfaction. Methods: A cross‐sectional correlational study was conducted among 150 registered nurses with up to three years of professional experience in Poland. Participants were recruited using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected in 2024 using an online questionnaire including the Job Satisfaction Survey, the Short Version of the Occupational Self‐Efficacy Scale, and author‐designed items assessing perceived factors influencing the choice of the first workplace. The study was conducted in accordance with STROBE guidelines. Descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and exploratory mediation analyses using bootstrapping procedures were performed to examine potential indirect associations. Results: Occupational self‐efficacy was positively associated with overall job satisfaction and several satisfaction domains, with the strongest association observed for the nature of work ( r = 0.45, p < 0.001). Higher self‐efficacy was also associated with greater importance attributed to organizational characteristics and alignment of the workplace with personal interests and career development plans ( ρ = 0.18 and p = 0.025), while convenient commuting options were perceived as less important ( ρ = −0.22 and p = 0.008). Exploratory mediation analyses identified statistically significant indirect effects. Organization of work, alignment with personal interests, alignment with career development plans, and commuting convenience were identified as mediators of the association between occupational self‐efficacy and job satisfaction. Most models indicated partial mediation, with occasional full mediation and suppression effects observed. Conclusions: The findings highlight the role of occupational self‐efficacy and perceived fit with the first workplace in shaping job satisfaction among early‐career nurses during the transition to practice. Supporting professional confidence, reflective career decision‐making, and well‐organized work environments may contribute to more positive early professional experiences.

Background: Older adults with diabetes living in nursing homes require complex care. Nurses play a central role in this care, yet limited evidence exists comparing their diabetes‐related knowledge across different countries. This study compares diabetes management knowledge among nursing home nurses in Cádiz, Spain, and Warsaw, Poland. Methods: A cross‐sectional, multicenter study was conducted with 198 nurses in Cádiz and 57 nurses in Warsaw. The adapted 14‐item Diabetes Management Knowledge Assessment Tool (DMKAT‐14) was used to measure knowledge. Sociodemographic and professional variables were also collected. Independent t ‐tests, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression were used for analysis. Results: Mean DMKAT‐14 scores were higher in Cádiz (7.47 ± 1.74) than in Warsaw (6.05 ± 0.79), though both were suboptimal. No significant differences in knowledge were found based on gender, postgraduate education, or diabetes‐specific training. In Cádiz, no predictors were statistically significant. In Warsaw, age was the only significant predictor of higher knowledge scores ( B = 0.057, p = 0.011). Conclusions: Diabetes management knowledge among nursing home nurses in Spain and Poland shows room for improvement. Strengthening diabetes‐specific training may help improve diabetes management in nursing homes across Europe.

Nursing students often feel unprepared to provide care for terminally ill patients, particularly in palliative settings. The emotional demands of end-of-life care require nurses to develop not only clinical skills, but also emotional resilience and effective communication. Equally important is a holistic approach that considers the physical, psychological, social, and spiritual needs of patients and their families. Storytelling as an educational tool has been shown to enhance empathy and understanding among nursing students and provides them with skills to navigate the complex emotional landscape of palliative care. This study analysed the effects of practical palliative care classes on nursing students’ readiness to provide end-of-life care, using storytelling as a supplementary teaching method. A multi-methods approach was used with a combination of quantitative and qualitative data. The participants comprised nursing students in a 40-h palliative care course, 11 took part in qualitative part and 16 in quantitative. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and the FATCOD-BP questionnaire, which measured attitudes towards caring for dying. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in students’ attitudes towards caring for terminally ill patients after completing the course (Z = 2.65, p = 0.008, r = 0.47.). However, participants expressed a need for more training, especially in communication with patients and families and emphasized the emotional challenges of this care. Students felt that storytelling helped them to develop a more holistic understanding of patient care and to focus on emotional and psychological aspects. The study shows that a 40-h clinical course is not sufficient for shaping full preparedness for care at the end of life, including the dying process, and for supporting students’ emotional well-being. It highlights the importance of incorporating storytelling and narrative techniques into nursing curricula.

Background: Nurses play a fundamental role in identifying the early symptoms of sepsis and thereby contribute to early diagnosis and prevention, which decreases complications and mortality rates and lowers the cost of care. This study aimed to evaluate nurses’ knowledge of sepsis and to analyze its relationship with attitude, self-assessment, and sociodemographic variables. Methods: A correlational, cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 293 nurses in Poland using a validated tool, the Nurses’ Attitudes and Knowledge about Sepsis Scale (NAKSeS), which assesses both knowledge and attitudes toward sepsis. The instrument included two knowledge subscales (Factor 1: knowledge of pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention; Factor 2: knowledge of nursing actions), an attitude subscale, and a self-assessment item. Sociodemographic data included age, seniority, voluntary postgraduate education, current workplace, and place of residence. Results: Nurses demonstrated moderate levels of general knowledge, Factor 1, Factor 2, attitude toward sepsis, and self-assessed knowledge. Higher scores across all domains were observed among nurses who had completed postgraduate education, cited professional experience or books as key sources of knowledge, and worked in high-acuity settings such as intensive care units, emergency departments, or pediatric wards. Nurses working in larger cities scored significantly higher in general knowledge and Factor 1 compared to those in smaller towns or rural areas. Additionally, greater age and longer work experience were positively associated with more favorable attitudes and higher self-assessed knowledge, although negatively correlated with some knowledge scores. Conclusions: Nurses’ knowledge and attitudes toward sepsis were influenced by the source of education and clinical exposure, with significantly better outcomes observed among those with postgraduate training and experience in high-acuity settings. These findings underscore the need to strengthen sepsis education across all levels of nursing curricula and promote accessible, continuous professional development supported by validated assessment tools.

Aim: This study validated and adapted the Multidimensional Nursing Generations Questionnaire to a Polish context and assessed its accuracy and reliability among Polish nurses. Design: A cross‐sectional psychometric study. Methods: The Multidimensional Nursing Generations Questionnaire was translated, culturally adapted and validated through a structured process involving expert panel reviews, pilot testing and psychometric validation using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The study included 850 Polish nurses actively working in various healthcare settings for over 3 months. Reliability and construct validity were assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Data collection took place over 5 months (December 2022–April 2023). Results: The validated questionnaire contains six subscales and 43 items. High reliability was observed across all subscales, with consistent psychometric performance. The tool demonstrated strong cultural and conceptual alignment for assessing generational differences in Polish nursing teams. Conclusion: The questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating generational diversity in nursing teams. Its application can facilitate targeted management strategies, foster collaboration and improve job satisfaction, particularly in multigenerational healthcare environments. Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care: The questionnaire offers a practical tool for healthcare managers to address generational diversity, thereby enhancing team dynamics, reducing turnover and improving the quality of care delivery. It supports evidence‐based management and education practices tailored to generational needs. Impact: This study develops a culturally adapted, psychometrically robust tool for assessing generational differences in Polish nursing teams. Findings have significant implications for workforce management, education and policy‐making, enabling strategies to improve team collaboration, nurse satisfaction and patient outcomes in Poland and globally. Reporting Method: This study adhered to the COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments guidelines for the translation, cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of health measurement instruments, ensuring methodological rigour and transparency.

Resilience is essential for intensive care unit (ICU) nurses, but poor sleep quality negatively affects their well‐being and performance. This study analysed the link between sleep quality and resilience among 138 ICU nurses, considering socio‐demographic variables (age, sex, education, professional experience). Data showed high rates of poor sleep (56.5%) and low and average resilience (84%). No significant relationship between socio‐demographic variables and resilience or sleep quality was found, but a moderate negative correlation between sleep quality and resilience was identified ( r = −.30; p < .001). Interventions to improve sleep and resilience are needed to enhance ICU nurses' well‐being and performance. Increasing the level of resilience among ICU nurses is an important health‐related protective factor. Moreover, an increase in resilience can enhance work commitment and improve their abilities to cope with many problems, ultimately contributing to their development.

Aim. The aim of the study was to develop and psychometrically test nurses’ knowledge about Sepsis Scale. Material and methods. A 7-step approach, including item generation, content adequacy assessment, questionnaire administration, factor analysis, internal consistency assessment, construct validity, and replication was used to identify and validate the scale. Validation was carried out among a convenience sample of 265 participants over a period of three years. Results. Exploratory factor analysis showed that a three-factor structure best fit the data. The reliability of the two factors based on the Kuder–Richardson Formula 20 was for the knowledge factor 0.702, for the proceedings factor was a score of 0.631. For the attitude factor Cronbach’s Alpha was 0.884. Conclusions. Having an appropriate tool to test knowledge levels is crucial for determining the number of cases and deaths due to sepsis; thus, creating a tool consisting of knowledge research is the best way to assess nurses’ general knowledge about sepsis. The instrument will be useful for nurses and healthcare managers for assessing their knowledge of sepsis, monitoring changes in knowledge throughout professional development, and evaluating both the need for and effectiveness of training programs.