Taewoong Oh

PURPOSE: To perform a meta-analysis of the effects of plyometric training on the physical performance of male basketball players.METHODS: The Google Scholar, PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were searched for relevant studies published between 2016 and 2024. Subsequently, a meta-analysis was performed on variables extracted from 19 studies that corresponded to the study design.RESULTS: The effect of plyometric training on the physical fitness of male basketball players, divided into 2 groups (≥7 and <7 weeks), revealed that countermovement jump (0.55), vertical jump (1.05) and T–change of direction test (-1.30) had greater effects after 7 weeks, whereas Illinois agility test (-1.39), 20 m sprint test (-0.85) demonstrated greater effects in <6 weeks.CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that plyometric training can effectively enhance game-related physical abilities in adult male basketball players. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the effects are particularly pronounced when the training duration is considered during the design of a plyometric training program.

Minjun Kim, Hyunjun Gam, Inhwan Lee, Joonwoong Kim, Taewoong Oh. KJSM 2024;42:184-92. https://doi.org/10.5763/kjsm.2024.42.3.184

This study was conducted on 188 elite female athletes in 16 sports, comparing FMS™ results with other athletes, analyzing body imbalance and risk of injury. The results of the study were as follows. As a result of analyzing the difference in FMS score for each sport, the overall score was low in Hurdle Step and In-Line Lunge. ASLR recorded the highest score without distinction of sport, followed by Shoulder Mobility and Deep Squat. The overall score for each sport was the highest in athletics and the lowest in handball. In addition, the overall score was 14 points or less in all sports except athletics, curling, and wrestling and analyzed the difference in FMS scores for each sport, which showed that the ball sport recorded statistically lower score in Deep Squat compared to other sports. In the In-Line Lunge, individual sports recorded statistically higher scores than other sports and, shoulder Mobility scored statistically lower in combat sports than in other sports except for ball games. In the case of the overall score, winter sports scored the highest among the five sports, ball games recorded the statistically low score. This study result will provide more useful information for the prevention of sports injuries in elite athletes by presenting the relative results of dysfunction according to the asymmetry of athletes in each sport and event.

Metabolic suppression due to relative energy deficiency can cause various physiological impairments in athletes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate within-day energy balance (WDEB) and the ratio between measured and predicted resting energy expenditure (REE_ratio) and to investigate the relationships between the markers of metabolic suppression. Ten male collegiate soccer players completed a 7-day food diary, physical activity, and heart rate records during the training and rest days. Energy intake (EI) and energy expenditure (EE) were analyzed to evaluate WDEB components. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and blood sampling was conducted for hormonal analysis. The REE was measured using the Douglas bag method and predicted using the DXA-predicted method to calculate the REE_ratio. Participants were categorized into the normal (REE_ratio ≥ 0.94, n = 5) and suppressed (REE_ratio < 0.94, n = 5) groups. There were no group differences in the components of WDEB, except diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT), but EI was significantly higher in the normal group than in the suppressed group (7-day total: 3660 ± 347 vs. 3024 ± 491 kcal/day, p = 0.046 and rest days: 3772 ± 463 vs. 2796 ± 800 kcal/day, p = 0.046). Analysis of hormonal markers of metabolic suppression only showed a significant positive association between insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and REE_ratio (r = 0.771, p = 0.009). The relationships between metabolic suppression and the markers of energy deficiency were inconclusive. There are possible associations of insufficient EI and IGF-1 levels with metabolic suppression, and further study is required to understand energy deficiency in male soccer players.

PURPOSE: An increase in bone mineral density during adolescence increases resistance to fractures in older age. The Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research and the Korean Society of Exercise Physiology developed exercise guidelines to increase the peak bone mass (PBM) in adolescents based on evidence through a systematic review of previous research.METHODS: Articles were selected using the systematic method, and the exercise guidelines were established by selecting key questions (KQs) and defining the effects of exercises based on evidence through a literature review for selecting the final exercise method. There were 9 KQs. An online search was conducted on articles published since 2000, and 93 articles were identified.RESULTS: An increase in PBM in adolescence was effective for preventing osteoporosis and fractures in older age. Exercise programs as part of vigorous physical activity (VPA) including resistance and impact exercise at least 5 to 6 months were effective for improving PBM in adolescents. It is recommended that resistance exercise is performed 10 to 12 rep·set-1 1-2 set·region-1 and 3 days·week-1 using the large muscles. For impact exercises such as jumping, it is recommended that the exercise is performed at least 50 jumps·min-1, 10 min·day-1, and 2 days·week-1.CONCLUSIONS: Exercise guidelines were successfully developed, and they recommend at least 5 to 6 months of VPA, which includes both resistance and impact exercises. With the development of exercise guidelines, the incidence of osteoporosis and fractures in the aging society can be reduced in the future, thus contributing to improved public health.

An increase in bone mineral density during adolescence increases resistance to fractures in older age. The Korean Society for Bone and Mineral Research and the Korean Society of Exercise Physiology developed exercise guidelines to increase the peak bone mass (PBM) in adolescents based on evidence through a systematic review of previous research. Articles were selected using the systematic method, and the exercise guidelines were established by selecting key questions (KQs) and defining the effects of exercises based on evidence through a literature review for selecting the final exercise method. There were 9 KQs. An online search was conducted on articles published since 2000, and 93 articles were identified. An increase in PBM in adolescence was effective for preventing osteoporosis and fractures in older age. Exercise programs as part of vigorous physical activity (VPA) including resistance and impact exercise at least 5 to 6 months were effective for improving PBM in adolescents. It is recommended that resistance exercise is performed 10 to 12 rep·set-1 1-2 set·region-1 and 3 days·week-1 using the large muscles. For impact exercises such as jumping, it is recommended that the exercise is performed at least 50 jumps·min-1, 10 min·day-1 and 2 days·week-1. Exercise guidelines were successfully developed, and they recommend at least 5 to 6 months of VPA, which includes both resistance and impact exercises. With the development of exercise guidelines, the incidence of osteoporosis and fractures in the aging society can be reduced in the future, thus contributing to improved public health.