Adriano de Oliveira Torres Carrasco

Durante a infância, ocorre um intenso desenvolvimento físico, psicológico e comportamental, que exerce grande influência na formação da personalidade do indivíduo. A interação entre as crianças e o ambiente é fundamental, pois estimula a curiosidade e incentiva a busca pelo conhecimento para esclarecer dúvidas. Com base nessa premissa, o grupo PET Medicina Veterinária da Unicentro realizou uma ação extensionista por meio de uma atividade prática com alunos do Infantil 1, 2 e 3 de uma escola municipal de Guarapuava, Paraná. O objetivo foi reforçar o conteúdo trabalhado em sala de aula sobre as diferenças entre as classes de animais. O projeto consistiu em levar à escola animais taxidermizados e representações lúdicas de animais das classes aves, mamíferos e répteis, estimulando as crianças a relembrar e aplicar os conhecimentos adquiridos. Essa iniciativa mostrou-se valiosa não apenas para as crianças, que fixaram o conteúdo de forma leve e divertida, mas também para os acadêmicos, que puderam desenvolver habilidades profissionais e sociais por meio da interação. Palavras-chave: Educação Infantil; Aves; Mamíferos; Répteis. Unveiling the animal kingdom: an outreach activity by the PET Veterinary Medicine group at UNICENTRO in Early Childhood Education During childhood, intense physical, psychological, and behavioral development takes place, greatly influencing the formation of an individual’s personality. Interaction between children and their environment is essential, as it stimulates curiosity and fosters the pursuit of knowledge to answer questions. Based on this premise, the PET Veterinary Medicine group from Unicentro carried out an outreach activity through a practical session with students from Preschool Levels 1, 2, and 3 at a municipal school in Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil. The objective was to reinforce classroom content regarding the differences between animal classes. The project involved bringing taxidermized animals and playful representations of animals from the classes of birds, mammals, and reptiles to the school, encouraging children to recall and apply the knowledge acquired. This initiative proved valuable not only for the children, who consolidated the content in a light and enjoyable manner, but also for the university students, who developed professional and social skills through the interaction.Keywords: Early Childhood Education; Birds; Mammals; Reptiles.

O aumento da densidade populacional de animais não domiciliados é um grande desafio para saúde pública, devido ao risco da disseminação de doenças, principalmente zoonoses. Por isso, a adoção de estratégias voltadas ao manejo reprodutivo para animais de abrigos e da população em vulnerabilidade social são essenciais para evitar o aumento do número de cães e gatos errantes e a veiculação de doenças infectocontagiosas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar dois projetos extensionistas realizados por meio de uma parceria entre o Projeto de Extensão em Saúde Única da Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (Unicentro), a Prefeitura Municipal de Prudentópolis-PR e a Prefeitura Municipal de Turvo-PR, nos quais foram realizadas castrações dos animais selecionados, de forma gratuita, e orientações para população acerca dos riscos ocasionados por uma superpopulação de cães e gatos. Essa campanha permite ampliar o conhecimento para a população não acadêmica, contribuindo para o equilíbrio entre homem, ambiente e animais. Palavras-chave: Castração; Saúde Única; Zoonoses. Health Education and Population Management of Dogs and Cats in Social Vulnerability The increase in the population density of non-domesticated animals is a major public health challenge due to the risk of disease spread, particularly zoonoses. Therefore, the adoption of strategies focused on reproductive management for shelter animals and populations in social vulnerability is essential to prevent the increase in the number of stray dogs and cats and the transmission of infectious diseases. The objective of this work was to report on two outreach projects carried out through a partnership between the Extension Project in One Health at the State University of Central-West (Unicentro), the Municipal Government of Prudentópolis-PR, and the Municipal Government of Turvo-PR. In these projects, selected animals were neutered free of charge, and guidance was provided to the population about the risks posed by the overpopulation of dogs and cats. This campaign aims to increase knowledge among the non-academic population, contributing to the balance between humans, the environment, and animals. Keywords: Neutering; One Health; Zoonoses.

A otite externa proliferativa necrotizante felina (OEPNF) é uma doença rara de etiologia desconhecida, que afeta principalmente o conduto auditivo de gatos filhotes. As lesões costumam ser bilaterais, crostosas, eritematosas, necróticas e friáveis. O diagnóstico é feito a partir da avaliação dos sinais clínicos juntamente com a realização do exame histopatológico das lesões, enquanto o tratamento é realizado com imunossupressores. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo descrever um caso de OEPNF em um gato siamês filhote, com seis meses de idade, macho, apresentando otite bilateral como queixa principal. O diagnóstico foi feito a partir da apresentação clínica e análise histopatológica evidenciando hiperqueratose, queratinócitos necróticos, erosão epidérmica e infiltrado inflamatório misto, característicos da doença. O tratamento foi realizado com a manipulação de Tacrolimus gel otológico, durante 30 dias.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo demonstrar o perfil dos animais recolhidos pelo canil municipal de Cianorte - PR, visando observar a eficiência e cumprimento das leis de criminalização do abandono, eficiências das campanhas de conscientização sobre posse responsável e bem-estar. Foram recolhidos no canil 698 animais, sendo que 46,80 % (327/698) eram filhotes sadios, 31,20 % (218/698) adultos sadios e 21,90 % (153/698) adultos doentes. Em relação ao sexo, 48,5% (180/371) dos animais adultos, sadios e doentes, eram fêmeas e 51,5% (191/371) machos. Não foi observada diferença significativa entre a proporção entre fêmeas e machos adultos. Na avaliação do porte físico dos animais adultos recolhidos, observou-se que 23,45% (87/371) eram de porte pequeno, 67,38% (250/371) médio e 9,17% (34/371) grande. Houve diferença significativa em relação ao porte físico dos animais, com maior porcentagem para animais de porte médio (10 a 25 kg). Com relação aos cães adultos doentes recolhidos, as causas observadas foram 35,9% (55/153) dermatopatias (miíase, sarnas, lacerações, espinhos de ouriço), 29,4% (45/153) lesões osteomusculares decorrentes de atropelamentos, 13,7% (21/153) de hemoparasitoses (suspeita clínica de Erliquiose), 9,3% (14/153) TVT e outros tumores e 11,8% (18/153) outras alterações. Para funcionamento e efetividade do abrigo ocorreu uma evolução para adaptação às normas e cumprimento principalmente no quesito do bem-estar dos cães. Remodelando as avaliações relativas à entrada e saída de animais, levando em consideração, critérios para o resgate seletivo, admissão, devolução e permanência no abrigo.

This study aims to report the number of animal cases identified in the central-south region of Paraná. It also seeks to correlate these findings with human diagnoses, thereby underscoring the importance of the One Health approach in implementing prophylactic measures and protocols for evaluating both positive and suspected cases. In August 2023, a cat diagnosed with sporotrichosis was presented at the UNICENTRO Veterinary School Clinic. Accompanying the cat was its guardian, who exhibited characteristic lesions of the disease. An epidemiological study was then initiated and spanned from August 2023 to March 2024. Cytological tests were performed on the suspected cases. From the epidemiological survey, 21 animals were tested. A total of 15 cats were confirmed to have sporotrichosis; all were unneutered males of the moggy breed with access to outdoor environments. Some pet owners also displayed symptoms and lesions consistent with sporotrichosis. Considering the recent surge in sporotrichosis cases in Brazil, along with its zoonotic potential and significance for public health—and considering its status as a notifiable disease—epidemiological studies such as this one are vital. They help in understanding the spread of the disease and are crucial for the development and implementation of prophylactic measures to protect human and animal health.

Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) DC. is a medicinal plant traditionally used in Brazilian ethnomedicine through infusion and decoction for various therapeutic purposes. The objectives were to determine the antimicrobial activity of the A. satureioides extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to describe a novel technique using iron dextran solution to enhance the activity of bioactive compounds and antimicrobial agents. The extract was characterized for phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity in vitro, and antimicrobial activity. The extract exhibited a high content of phenolic compounds and considerable antioxidant activity. Concerning the antimicrobial activity, it inhibited the development of the strain at low concentrations, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.0390 mg/ml for the pure extract and 0.0195 mg/ml for the extract diluted in iron dextran, thus presenting bacteriostatic activity at these concentrations. It showed a bactericidal activity from 10 mg/ml, with inhibition halo of 2.11±0.19 and 2.22±0.50 mm for the pure extract and 2.55±0.19 and 2.66±0.33 mm for the extract diluted in iron dextran in the disk diffusion and punch hole methods, respectively. A. satureioides has an important antimicrobial activity, and the iron dextran solution enhanced the effect of bioactive compounds and antimicrobial agents.

Achyrocline satureioides, a medicinal plant widely used in Brazilian traditional medicine for diverse healing applications, has been underexplored for its potential anticancer properties. This study aimed to investigate the antitumor potential of A. satureioides extract on SK-Mel-28 melanoma cells, using an innovative approach devised by the authors that involves a potentiating solution of iron dextran to enhance the efficacy of bioactive and anticancer agents. The extract was characterized for its phytochemical composition, antioxidant effect, and anticancer activity. The anticancer activity was assessed for various concentrations of the extract, both with and without the iron dextran potentiating solution. The analysis revealed a high concentration of total phenolics and flavonoids in the extract, along with moderate antioxidant activity. Notably, the extract exhibited substantial anticancer activity, markedly reducing cell proliferation and influencing several cancer-related markers, especially at a concentration of 500 μg in combination with the potentiating solution. Importantly, the treatment exhibited no toxicity to healthy cells, showing selective cytotoxicity and robust anticancer potential of A. satureioides, particularly when combined with the iron dextran solution. This study represents the inaugural report of the potentiating effect of A. satureioides as a promising candidate for further cancer treatment research.

Transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) is a round cell neoplasm that affects dogs, mainly with access to the street, because tumor implantation happens during coitus or by intimate social interaction with another sick canid. It mainly affects the genital region, but there are extragenital reports. Thus, this work aims to report a case of TVT in the eyelid and cervical region of a dog, male, non-castrated, adult, SRD, with access to the street, without previous history, positive for cynomosis, which presented ectoparasites, penile bloody secretion with bulb volume increase, nodular tumor ulcerated in cervical region, left eye with third eyelid volume increase and some small nodules in upper eyelid. Through cytology and histopathology, TVT was diagnosed in the samples analyzed. For treatment, five sessions of chemotherapy with Vincristine sulfate were carried out, which the animal responded with an improvement in clinical signs one week after the first session. Therefore, the importance of cytology and histopathology for diagnostic confirmation of TVT and of care in the analysis of ocular and skin tumors is emphasized, because, even if the occurrence of this neoplasia is common only in the genital region, it can present itself in other locations.

The phylogenetic position of the Eptesicus genus in the Vespertilionidae family has been constantly changed after morphology, cytogenetics and molecular studies. For example, the reallocation of some African Eptesicus species from a subgenus of the Pipistrellus genus to the Neoromicia genus (Kearney et al., 2002 KEARNEY, T.C., VOLLETH, M., CONTRAFATTO, G. and TAYLOR, P.J., 2002. Systematic implications of chromosome GTG-band and bacula morphology for Southern African Eptesicus and Pipistrellus and several other species of Vespertilioninae (Chiroptera: vespertilionidae). Acta Chiropterologica, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 55-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3161/001.004.0107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3161/001.004.0107... ), and also the reallocation of E. nasutus to the Rhyneptesicus genus (Juste et al., 2013 JUSTE, J., BENDA, P., GARCIA-MUDARRA, J.J. and IBÁÑEZ, C., 2013. Phylogeny and systematics of Old World serotine bats (genus Eptesicus, Vespertilionidae, Chiroptera): an integrative approach. Zoologica Scripta, vol. 42, no. 5, pp. 441-457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zsc.12020... ), both indicated uncertainty about the monophyly of this genus. Moreover, New World species of Eptesicus seems to be more closely related to species of Histiotus than they are to Old World species, with Histiotus being considered a subgenus of Eptesicus (Roehrs et al., 2010 ROEHRS, Z.P., LACK, J.B. and VAN DEN BUSSCHE, R.A., 2010. Tribal phylogenetic relationships within Vespertilioninae (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) based on mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data. Journal of Mammalogy, vol. 91, no. 5, pp. 1073-1092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1644/09-MAMM-A-325.1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1644/09-MAMM-A-325.... ; Amador et al., 2016 AMADOR, L.I., MOYERS ARÉVALO, R.L., ALMEIDA, F.C., CATALANO, S.A. and GIANNINI, N.P., 2016. Bat systematics in the light of unconstrained analyses of a comprehensive molecular supermatrix. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, vol. 23, pp. 1-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10914-016-9363-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10914-016-936... ).

Bluetongue is an arbovirus that affects different animal species, being most relevant in sheep because of the possible disease severity. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of antibodies against bluetongue virus (BTV) in sheep in the central-western region of Paraná, Brazil, and the risk factors for infection in the species. This is the first study to determine these factors in the southern region of Brazil. A serological survey using agar gel immunodiffusion was positive in 28.1% (108/350) of the animals tested, and 91.66% (11/12) of the farms analyzed had at least one seropositive animal. Furthermore, contact between sheep and cattle was determined as the main risk factor for BTV infection in sheep, followed by flooding, a history of abortion, and contact with rivers and riparian forests. In conclusion, the occurrence of anti-BTV antibodies in flocks in Paraná was moderate however, the virus is still circulating in these animals, so greater epidemiological surveillance and implementation of programs to control the disease are necessary