Sunanda Paul

The thermo-physical, chemical reactivity and biological interaction of cholinium cation Ionic Liquids (ILs) were investigated as theoretical by density functional theory (DFT). Some thermo-physical parameters such as free energy, entropy, dipole moment, binding energy, nuclear energy, electronics energy, the heat of formation were computed. The chemical reactivity of molecule like highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), HOMO-LUMO gap, ionization potential, electronegativity, hardness, softness and electron affinity were calculated. Properties like charge density, surface area grid, volume, LogP, polarizability, refractivity, and molecular mass were calculated using the quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR). The cholinium benzoate (IL01), cholinium-2-nitro-benzoate (IL02), cholinium-2-methylbenzoate (IL03), cholinium -2-hydroxy benzoate (IL04), cholinium -2-chlorobenzoate (IL05), and cholinium -2-flurobenzoate (IL06) were taken for study. With adding of substituent groups to the anion, the chemical stabilit increased, and chemical reactivity decreased in the order of -H > -CH3 > -OH > -Cl > F- > -NO2 groups. The physical properties and biological activity are observed to be changed irregularly for different substituent groups.

Morphine is considered as the uncountable pain killer drug which is taken by both of mouth or injection. In this case, morpholinium ILs is the most applicable molecules due to liquid range so that the thermo-chemical, chemical reactivity and biological interaction of most expected morphonium formate and acetate ILs is considered under theoretical study by HyperChem 8.010 computer programming method. Some thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, entropy, dipole moment, binding energy, nuclear energy, electronics energy, heat of formation and QSAR properties of molecules like charge density, surface area grid, volume, LogP, polarizability, refractivity, molecular mass, and reactivity properties of molecule like HOMO, LUMO, HOMO-LUMO, ionization potential and electron affinity were determined using the HyperChem 8.0.10 programme. The morphonium formate is less biological active than morphonium acetate because LogP is 1.19 and -0.66 respectively. On the other hand, the HOMO LUMO gap in all transition level almost same that indicate similar chemical reactivity. The binding energy of both molecules is -3078.01 and -3351.25 kcal/mol respectively. The vibrational spectroscopy data provides them the identification and characterization.

The Palladium is considered as the catalyst for coupling reaction and useful metal in industry. The thermo-physical, chemical reactivity and biological interaction are considered the most expected parameters for use in any area of the chemical industry, the pharmaceutical industry, and academia. The palladium (II) complex ion with different amine ligands are considered under theoretical study by the method of density functional theory (DFT). Some thermo-physical parameters such as free energy, entropy, dipole moment, binding energy, nuclear energy, electronics energy, heat of formation, reactivity properties of molecule like Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO), Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO), HOMO-LUMO gap, ionization potential, electronegativity, hardness, softness and electron affinity, and biological properties of molecules like charge density, surface area grid, volume, LogP, polarizibility, refractivity, molecular mass, PIC50 were calculated using the computational program of DFT method. The value of HOMO LUMO gap is 10.78, 0.59, 0.50, and 10.73 and PIC50 is -20.41, -8.46, -1.69, and 1.83 for L01, L02, L03, and L04 respectively while the chemical stability is same for L02, and L03, similarly L01 and L04. The QSAR study provides information about their correlation and biological activity as drugs whereas the biological activity was increased with increasing methyl groups. The four palladium (II) complex ions with amine ligands have strong biological activity for L03 and L04, and occur the correlation on thermophysical, chemical reactivity.

As the morpholine and morphine have been used all over the world as pain killer drugs even used in cancer treatment, so the morpholine is more demanding chemical molecule. In our work, the morpholine has included the addition of inorganic anions like nitrate and nitrite for forming morpholinium based Ionic Liquid. Their chemical properties, biochemical properties, and physio-chemical properties are evaluated using computational chemistry through the Density Functional Theory (DFT). The biological properties have been shown that biological activity in the designed ionic liquid for uses in new drug discovery. From QSAR study, the value of the LogP is 0.713 and 1.7 which indicates hydrophobic nature and PIC50 is -2.14 and -3.96 respectively. The nitrate and nitrite comparison have been highlighted through this work. From QSAR and PIC50, it is seen that due to the nitrate addition with morpholine is more biological activity than nitrite. On the other hand, the toxicity of nitrate is less than nitrite.

As cancer is the top killer diseases in the world, the scientists and researchers have been searching the new drugs and remedy methods. Most of the anticancer drugs are organic compounds which were approved by the FDA while metallodrugs are very rare. In the present time, some palladium and rhodium complexes are going to use as anticancer molecules. The palladium (II) complex has higher anticancer activity against different cancer cell that is why the different amine ligands are considered under theoretical study by the method of density functional theory (DFT) to make a new molecule. Some thermo-physical parameter was conducted such as free energy, entropy, dipole moment, binding energy, nuclear energy, electronics energy, the heat of formation. On the other hand, the chemical reactivity properties like occupied Molecular Orbital Highest (HOMO), Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO), HOMO-LUMO gap, ionization potential, electronegativity, hardness, softness and electron affinity, and biological properties like charge density, surface area grid, volume, LogP, polarizability, refractivity, molecular mass were calculated using the DFT method. To make comparative biological properties, different anions such as chloride, nitrate, hydroxide, carbonate and sulfate ions were used as homogeneous and heterogeneous adding.

Growing the molecular mechanism of chemicals, thermochemical and biological interactions is considered as the ultimate goal of computational chemistry. Some thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, entropy, dipole moment, binding energy, nuclear energy, electronics energy, heat of formation, and QSAR (quantitative structure activity relationship) properties of molecules like charge density, surface area grid, volume, LogP, polarizability, refractivity, molecular mass, and reactivity properties of molecules like HOMO (the highest occupied molecular orbital), LUMO (the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital), HUMO (the highest unoccupied molecular orbital )-LUMO gap, ionization potential and electron affinity were determined using the HyperChem 8.0.10 program. The computed QSAR parameters have a significant role in the estimation of the biological activity and metabolism in the human body.

Some thermophysical parameters of CBD and THC such as free energy, entropy, dipole moment, binding energy, nuclear energy, electronics energy, heat of formation, and chemical reactivity like HOMO (Occupied Molecular Orbital Highest) and LUMO (Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital, HUMO-LUMO gap, ionization potential and electron affinity were calculated via semi-empirical and molecular mechanic method. For the characterization, the IR vibration spectroscopy, NMR in case of coupling and shielding constant were calculated. The Quantitative Structure Activity Relation (QSAR) properties of molecules like charge density, surface area grid, volume, LogP, polarizability, refractivity, molecular mass were determined using the HyperChem 8.0.10 program. Using the thermophysical and QSAR data, the IC50 and pHIC50 (–logIC50) was developed which is referred as biological activity parameter.