Marita Ika Joesidawati

Graphical Abstract Highlight Research DNA Barcoding and Species Analyzed: Tissue samples from 11 individuals across five shark species and two ray species were analyzed using DNA barcoding. The species include Sphyrna lewini, Carcharhinus sealei, Stegostoma fasciatum, Galeocerdo cuvier, Carcharhinus falciformis, Rhynchobatus australiae, and Rhina ancylostoma. Genetic Similarity and Divergence: Results showed high genetic similarity within species, but some divergence was observed between different populations, indicating potential evolutionary or geographic separations. Phylogenetic Relationships: The phylogenetic analysis revealed seven distinct clades, providing insight into the evolutionary relationships of these species. Conservation Implications: Several species identified in the study are protected, such as lewini, G. cuvier, and C. falciformis. The study underscores the importance of incorporating genetic diversity data into conservation strategies to protect these ecologically vital species in Indonesia. Abstract Sharks and rays, as apex predators or mesopredators, help maintain marine biodiversity and ecosystem balance. Their ecological and economic value underscores the need for conservation, as they face threats from overfishing, habitat loss, and climate change, with many classified as vulnerable or endangered by the IUCN. This study investigates the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of sharks and rays in Bawean and Masalembu Waters, East Java, using morphological identification and DNA barcoding. The specimens were obtained from fishermen operating in Bawean and Masalembu Waters . A total of 11 samples were analyzed from five shark species: Sphyrna lewini, Carcharhinus sealei, Stegostoma fasciatum, Galeocerdo cuvier, and Carcharhinus falciformis, and two ray species: Rhynchobatus australiae and Rhina ancylostoma. Results showed high genetic similarity within species, with some divergence observed between samples from the Bawean and Masalembu regions. For instance, populations of Sphyrna lewini from the two regions exhibited slight mitochondrial DNA sequence variations, indicating possible adaptations to local environmental conditions. Similarly, genetic differences in Rhynchobatus australiae suggest limited gene flow between populations, likely influenced by geographical barriers or habitat preferences. Phylogenetic analysis revealed seven distinct clades, highlighting evolutionary relationships such as the close grouping of S. lewini and G. cuvier, which suggests recent divergence. Several species identified, including S. lewini, G. cuvier, and C. falciformis, are protected, underscoring the need for stricter conservation and monitoring efforts to safeguard shark and ray populations. This study highlights the urgency of integrating genetic diversity into conservation strategies to ensure the long-term survival of these vital species.

This study explores the socio-cultural dynamics of Javanese coastal communities, emphasizing the existence of their indigenous traditional beliefs: Javanism (Kejawen) with its unique spirituality and Abangan, which practically reflects Islam in a syncretic form blending Javanese culture and Sufism. The research focuses on six regions: Subang, Cirebon, Pekalongan, Rembang, Tuban, and Pasuruan. Using Spradley’s domain, it examines the spiritual frameworks and practices of Kejawen and Abangan, including distinctive traditions such as mysticism and cultural titles. Participatory observations reveal that Kejawen and Abangan communities continue to preserve their beliefs, actively practising them while shaping a communal identity that strengthens social bonds. Ironically, some deviant practices, such as shamanism, charms for wealth, and occultism, are often associated with these groups. The findings also highlight the critical role of religious moderation in safeguarding traditional practices, addressing misuse of beliefs, and promoting harmony. This study offers valuable insights into the resilience of Javanese culture amidst the dynamics of contemporary society.

Objective: This research determines the results of the Smoked tool fish which effective, hygienic, and eco-friendly performance test carried out by organoleptic observation of the level of liking (favorite test). Method: This research uses an experimental method by making and testing a smoking device. The data obtained was analyzed descriptively. This research was divided into two stages of activities, namely: making smoking equipment and testing the performance of the equipment. Results and Discussion: Test results show that the temperature and humidity in the smoking room tend to differ between each shelf, forming almost the same pattern. The closed design of the tool causes the production and distribution of smoke to be more even. The remaining fuel produced during 3 hours of combustion reaches 50% and can still be used for another 5-6 hours. The water content of smoked fish (Tongko Fish) according to SNI is 60%. The average organoleptic test is above 3 (like) and the volume of liquid smoke is 50 ml during the 3 hour smoking process. Research Implications: The research results show that the Smoked tool fish which effective, hygienic, and eco-friendly can increase the production of smoked fish and reduce environmental pollution from the smoke produced. This shows that smoked fish products using Smoked tool fish which effective, hygienic, and eco-friendly have water content according to the standards determined by SNI. Originality/Value: This research contributes to the understanding of the "Smoked tool fish which effective, hygienic, and eco-friendly", which is an innovative technology that has better smoking performance compared to traditional fish smoking tools used in Tuban Regency.

Anchovy is the main catch and the primary consumption of coastal communities in Indonesia, and its production shows an increase of more than 10% in 2021. Tuban district, in East Java, Indonesia is part of the WPP 712 (Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan or Fisheries Management Area) and highly produces anchovies’ fisheries. Anchovy has a small size, making it difficult to identify morphologically. This study aimed to genetically identify anchovy samples obtained from North Java (Tuban) waters. Molecular identification was conducted by utilizing Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit I (COI) gene using jg-HCO and jg-LCO primers. This study observed 12 individual samples with 623 base pair sequence length. Five species were obtained, namely four species of anchovies (Encrasicholina heteroloba, Encrasicholina punctifer, Stolephorus waitei, and Stolephorus insularis) and one species of sardines (Dussumieria elopsoides) with 99.84-100% similarity to NCBI sequences data. Anchovies typically have a streamlined body with a slightly compressed shape. Anchovies have cycloid scales, which are smooth-edged and relatively small, ranging from a few centimeters to around 20 centimeters in length. Some of the genus from the Anchovy group are Encrasicholina and Stolephorus. The phylogenetic tree reconstruction leads into four clades with a genetic distance between clades of 17,9-24,5 %. This research provides methods and data on the genetic diversity of anchovies taxa caught in Tuban, East Java. The findings are expected to support promoting new standards for healthier and more sustainable anchovy stocks in the country. Overall, this study contributes to providing valuable insights for fisheries management and conservation efforts in Indonesia.

Stingray liver oil extraction method (Dasyatis sp) using alkaline digestion method with the addition of 2% concentrated NaOH reagent and HCL to maintain pH 8-9 by heating at 50°C for 3 hours can produce a yield of 35.74±0.38%. then with the addition of 3% magnesol XL adsorbent and centrifuged for 15 minutes at a speed of 5000 rpm can improve the quality of stingray liver oil (Dasyatis sp) by producing an FFA value of 0.40%±0.02, PV of 2.37±0, 05 mEq/kg, p-anisidin 5.72±1.95 mEq/kg, TOTOX 8.27±1.80 mEq/kg, AV 1.74±0.01 mg NaOH/kg, clarity 75, 19±1.7%.

KOMUNITAS MOLUSKA DI AREA REBOISASI MANGROVE TUDUNG MUSUH TASIKMADU PALANG, TUBAN

Analysis of Water Availability in Tuban Regency Watershed Area

Perairan pantai Kabupaten Tuban merupakan salah satu perairan yang terletak di pantai Utara Jawa Timur. Adanya aktifitas pemukiman yang semakin padat, adanya limbah industri dan aktivitas Pelabuhan yang ada, dikhawatirkan bisa menurunkan kualitas perairan pantai kabupaten Tuban. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perkembangan kualitas air perairan pantai kabupaten Tuban, Jawa Timur. Penelitian dilakukan pada waktu musim kemarau pada tahun 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air perairan pantai Tuban telah mengalami penurunan. Pada beberapa lokasi terlihat kekeruhan, COD, nitrit, fosfat, Natrium, TSS, Hg dan Cd telah melebihi ambang batas.

Oceanography and Fisheries Open access journal (OFOAJ) is a peer reviewed, premium quality journal that aims to showcase advanced research in the field of Oceanography and Fishery science and all the related areas.

Sea level rise is one of the impacts of climate change and global warming caused by the increase of human activities leading to the increase of concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. The impacts of sea level rise itself will be greatly felt by coastal areas in island countries, one of them is Indonesia (specifically the district of Tuban). The purposes of this paper are (1) to indicate that tidal data in Semarang and Tuban (both of them are cities in the northern coast of Java) can be used to estimate the sea level rise in the region through the means of comparison, and (2) to compare sea level rise in MAGICC model and show that sea level trends for Tuban district are consistent with global values. The results shows that the tidal data in Tuban has a higher value than the tidal data in Semarang by a margin of 0.03 m, so the trend of sea level rise in Tuban is y = 0.002x + 0.751, consequently the sea level rise per year is 0.024 m. Comparison of sea level rises between the MSL data of Tuban district with MAGICC model indicates that the sea level trends for Tuban district (local) are consistent with global values, that is, in the year of 2100, the sea level rise will reach 2.64 m while emissions scenario that comes close is the WRE 550 scenario, that is, in the year of 2100, it will reach 2.9 m.