Tetiana Yemchyk

This article examines the theoretical, methodological, organizational, economic, and applied foundations for developing an integrated model of strategic management for agrobiomass processing in biofuel production at enterprises in the agro-industrial complex. It is substantiated that current trends in the global economy, rising energy risks, the need to ensure energy independence, the decarbonisation of production, and the implementation of circular economy principles necessitate the efficient use of the resource potential of agrarian biomass as one of the key factors in the sustainable development of the agrarian sector. It has been found that the comprehensive processing of crop by-products, organic livestock waste, food industry waste, and specially cultivated energy crops creates the conditions for the formation of multifunctional bioenergy production facilities capable of supplying agribusiness enterprises with renewable energy sources, and to enhance their economic stability and competitiveness. This study systematized the main types of agrobiomass according to their sources of origin, physicochemical characteristics, technological features, and areas of application in the production of various types of biofuels. A comprehensive analysis was conducted of the current status and prospects for the use of crop residues, organic livestock waste, food industry by-products, and energy crops as feedstocks for the production of biogas, biomethane, bioethanol, biodiesel, and solid biofuels. The development of integrated biorefineries has been identified as a promising modern model for the comprehensive and waste-minimising utilisation of agrobiomass. Their operation involves the integration of interrelated technological processes for converting crop residues, livestock organic waste, by-products of the food-processing industry, and purpose-grown energy crops. Within a single production complex, this approach enables the simultaneous production of biogas, biomethane, bioethanol, biodiesel, solid biofuels, heat and electricity, as well as organic fertilisers, feed components, and other valuable co-products. The implementation of such integrated production systems will enhance energy self-sufficiency, diversify revenue streams, reduce organic waste volumes and greenhouse gas emissions, and contribute to the development of a circular bioeconomy and the strengthening of Ukraine’s energy security.

The article's objective is twofold: firstly, to explore the prospects for biodiesel production, and secondly, to develop a universal methodology for evaluating its efficiency. In doing so, the social, economic and environmental aspects of Ukraine will be given full consideration. Methodology. The research was conducted utilising the following methodologies: a cause-and-effect analysis was employed to ascertain the socio-economic and ecological efficiency of biodiesel production; statistical and economic methods were implemented for the retrieval, processing, and analysis of statistical data; and a logical generalization was employed for the formulation of conclusions. Graphical representation was employed for the creation of a diagram illustrating an algorithm for biodiesel and by-product production within an energy co-operative. The study examined the volumes of rapeseed production and highlighted the impracticality of fully exporting this crop and its oil products. The study identified leading biodiesel production technologies and substantiated their economic feasibility. The findings indicate that the organisation of biodiesel production in the form of energy co-operatives has the potential to fully meet the agricultural sector's demand for fuel and to promote the development of related industries, including animal husbandry. The research evaluates the economic feasibility, environmental impacts, and social aspects of biodiesel production. Utilising a data-driven approach, encompassing a comprehensive analysis of oilseed crop production, production costs, and market prices, a model was meticulously developed to assess socio-economic and ecological efficiency. The study identified the key advantages and barriers to the industry's development, and recommended state policy measures to stimulate biodiesel production. The need to create co-operatives to unite agricultural producers for the joint production of biodiesel is identified. The study highlights the need for scientific research to improve biodiesel production technologies, in particular by increasing the oil content of certain rapeseed varieties. The analysis shows that with rapeseed costing 14,160 UAH/t (purchase price from agricultural enterprises), transport costs of 40 UAH/t /km and processing costs of 900 UAH/t, the total production cost will be 16,260 UAH/t. The planned biodiesel production of 450 kg per tonne requires an additional investment of 2,050 UAH. By-product revenues are estimated at 5,900 UAH, resulting in biodiesel production costs of 33 UAH per kg or 28.44 UAH per litre. The research findings can be used to develop effective strategies for promoting bioenergy in Ukraine. Practical implications. The following practical implications of biodiesel production in Ukraine can be deduced from the conducted study: enhanced energy independence, promotion of agricultural development by means of the processing of oilseed crops, creation of new employment opportunities in rural areas, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, increase in budget revenues, encouragement of the development of new technologies in the bioenergy sector, and establishment of scientific schools with a focus on research in bioenergy. Value / Originality. The study's originality lies in the development of an algorithm for the operation of energy co-operatives, with the objective of meeting the needs of agricultural enterprises for biodiesel and concentrated feeds. The study also includes the development of a universal methodology for assessing the socio-economic and ecological efficiency of biodiesel production.

The purpose of this monograph is to theoretically substantiate and methodologically develop the basic principles and practical mechanisms of state stimulation of the implementation of public-private partnership for the implementation of waste-free technologies for the production of biofuels at agricultural and processing enterprises of Ukraine. The subject of the study is a complex of theoretical, methodological and applied aspects in the field of biofuel production management on the basis of public-private partnership. The object of the study was chosen to be the management of biofuel production on the basis of public-private partnership. The methodological basis for the study was the dialectical method of understanding the patterns of economic development, a systematic approach, abstract-logical and theoretical generalization when studying literary sources and generalizing the theoretical provisions of the study. The practical part of the work is built on the basis of the works of leading domestic scientists, foreign specialists, and practitioners in the field of biofuel production management on the basis of public-private partnership. The method of the monograph is the application of theoretical and practical principles and problematic aspects of the organization of management of biofuel production on the basis of public-private partnership. In accordance with the set goal, the following task was solved: – to study the conceptual apparatus of the issues of forming bioenergy potential; – to study the regulatory and legal principles of developing public-private partnership in the field of biofuel production; – to analyze methodological approaches to assessing the efficiency of biofuel production on the basis of public-private partnership; – to assess the bioenergy potential of Ukraine; – to analyze the ecological and economic aspects of developing bioenergy potential in Ukraine; – to assess the practice of applying public-private partnership in the field of biofuel production in Ukraine – to develop a mechanism for state stimulation of the implementation of public-private partnership for the implementation of waste-free technologies for biofuel production at agricultural and processing enterprises of Ukraine; – to study the ecological and economic aspects of developing bioenergy potential in Ukraine; – to investigate the features of investment process management in the field of biofuel production on the basis of public-private partnership. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the methods of observation, comparison, analysis and synthesis, modeling of economic phenomena, fundamental works of domestic and foreign economists in the field of biofuel production management. The use of biomass for energy production is a promising direction in modern energy. Biomass can be processed into various types of fuel, such as biodiesel and biogas. The development of bioenergy reduces the reduction of traditional energy sources, reduces greenhouse gas emissions and creates new jobs. Public-private partnership is an effective tool for attracting investment and stimulating the development of this sector. The practical significance and scientific novelty of the work arises from the fact that the theoretical conclusions and generalizations made in them can be used in the process of ensuring the development of biofuel production on the basis of public-private partnership. The monograph was prepared as part of scientific research in the implementation of the state topic: "Development of bio-organic technologies for growing agricultural crops for the production of biofuels and ensuring energy independence of the agro-industrial complex" (state registration number 0123U100311).

This article analyzes the perspective of implementing target indicators in the green transition of the agro-industrial complex of Ukraine. It is established that soil degradation has acquired a global dimension, and it has become a serious problem of a socio-economic nature due to the military...

Diesel generator engines operate in wide load modes; therefore, it is necessary to change the percentage of the mixture of diesel and biodiesel fuel depending on the operating mode of the engine; this ensures its technical performance at the required level in all operating modes, including...

The article deals with economic aspects of integration ties in dairy cattle breeding development of Ukraine. Mutually benefcial integration of agricultural organizations with other market players signifcantly improves their economic stability. In addition to system-wide factors that determine agro-industrial integration, dairy subcomplex has a number of specifc features that determine occurrence and development of integration processes in the feld of production, processing and sales of milk. It is proved that a cooperative form of ownership may compete with joint stock in a global scale in dairy subcomplex mainly due to the fact that vertical cooperation has prevailed historically in countries specializing in milk production, which allows farmers to manage income from the dairy products sale. High dairy business concentration provides cooperatives with the opportunity to use the latest processing technologies, to pursue flexible commodity policies, to get access to interregional and international markets, to combine dairy business with logistics and other important services, to reduce the negative influence of seasonal fluctuations in milk production. The characteristic feature of the relationship between domestic milk producers and processing enterprises is its non-cooperative integration, which is based on contractual arrangements. To summarize the contracting type of dairy factories integration with agricultural producers, it should be noted that in this rather simple form of economic relations involves opportunities for further development. It is established that the low activity of establishing and dairy cooperatives running is inefcient due to low activity rural residents who farm cows. In our opinion, there are no prerequisites for agricultural cooperatives establishment in most regions since most of the population have only one cow and is focused on its self-provision. We believe that dairy-grocery cluster based on the principles of mutually benefcial long-term partnership between the subjects is the driving force in ensuring economic growth in the examined industry. It creates conditions for employment growth in the region, proposals for high-quality dairy raw materials and safe milk products. In general, this will contribute to the sustainable development of dairy cattle breeding enterprises in the region and other participants of the cluster association. Key words: dairy cattle breeding, cooperation, integration, cluster, agricultural enterprise, personal peasant farm.

The purpose of the article is to study the systems of ecological tax collection in Ukraine and Europe, as well as to substantiate proposals for improving the mechanism for calculating, distributing and using ecological tax funds in Ukraine, using the EU experience. The authors characterize the system of ecological taxation in the EU member states and make a comparison of the types of ecological taxes levied in the EU-27 countries and in Ukraine. An analysis of the volumes of waste generation, CO2 emissions and ecological tax revenues in the EU-27 countries was carried out. It is observed that there is a directly proportional relationship between the volumes of waste generation, CO2 emissions and the amount of revenues from the payment of ecological taxes in the EU-27 countries, that is, with an increase (decrease) in the value of one of them several times, the value of another value increases (decreases) by the same number of times. The revenues from ecological taxes in incomes and the share of ecological taxes in the overall structure of tax revenues of some European countries and Ukraine were analyzed. The model of the impact of ecological tax regulation on decision-making by ecological polluters is presented, the main problems that currently exist in the domestic system of ecological tax collection are identified and measures to solve these problems are proposed. Simultaneously, it is determined that the proposed measures to increase ecological tax rates can lead to serious risks in the implementation of production and economic activities by enterprises. In view of the above-mentioned, the need for further research is to improve the system of targeted allocation of funds from the payment of ecological taxes and financing of ecological measures and the introduction of energy- and resource-saving low-waste and waste-free technologies at enterprises.

The article is devoted to the problem of formation of the system of institutional support of investment activity of agricultural enterprises. A significant increase in the investment attractiveness of micro-agricultural enterprises will occur with the formation of family farms based on them, where former migrant workers will be the leaders. They will invest the earned money in the development of their own economy, and in entrepreneurial activity they will use the gained work experience in agriculture of the European Union. We believe that in the near future in Ukraine it is possible to oppose the "Brazilian" and "European" models of agriculture. At the same time, the level of concentration of assets and agricultural lands does not always create the preconditions for their effective use. This opinion is confirmed by the low importance of investment efficiency of large agricultural enterprises. This situation may be due to volatility in prices for basic agricultural products, reduced state support for agriculture, and increased integration processes in the world market, which will facilitate access to the domestic market of foreign agricultural producers, which are characterized by higher productivity. The directions of support of investment activity in agriculture by the leading countries of the world on the basis of tools use of direct and indirect influence which main task was the expansion of access of commodity producers to long-term credits and other financial services are allocated. Among the areas of indirect influence that are relevant for domestic conditions, we should highlight: scientific and production services for agricultural producers through the system of agricultural consulting at the expense of budget funds; financing and stimulation of scientific activity; development of public-private partnership to stimulate the implementation of innovative projects; use of public procurement as an instrument of investment activity. Key words: agricultural enterprise; investment, investment attractiveness, credit unions, insurance.