Vahid Mansouri

Aim: Screening of candidate genes related to sural nerve diabetic neuropathy to find the critical ones is the aim of this study. Back Ground: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease causes by insulin uptake or deficiency. Side effects of diabetes are numerous according to severity of disease. Diabetes could harm the ...

Context: Methanol is one of the simplest organic compounds widely used in industry. It is highly toxic and unfit for human consumption. The abuse of methanol-containing beverages is becoming a severe health problem. This review discusses new clinical and pathological manifestations alongside proteomic and genomic changes based on methanol's toxic effects. Evidence Acquisition: Medical literature was reviewed in Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed to examine the effect of methanol intoxication on proteomic and genomic changes in the human body. Results: The results revealed the rapid direct absorption of methanol and its spread in body tissues. Various side effects, from digestive problems to neurological disorders, blindness, and death, could occur depending on the consumed dosage. Methanol poisoning causes extensive changes at the protein level, affecting blood coagulation, vitamin metabolism, immune response, and lipid transport processes. Methanol could alter the gene expression profile pattern by increasing the production of free radical species, which cause changes in DNA nucleotides. Conclusions: In conclusion, since methanol poisoning is associated with serious adverse effects (protein expression changes) and mortality, it should be managed seriously and promptly.

Background: The symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) range from asymptomatic to severe respiratory distress or death. Reviews on potential COVID-19 treatments show no established therapy. Photobiomodulation can help in reducing inflammation and speed up tissue repair. In addition, due to its few side effects, it appears to be effective in restricting COVID-19. Therefore, it was decided to use this method in disease control to achieve the systemic impact of intravascular photobiomodulation therapy in this study. Methods: A total of 60 patients were randomly divided into three groups of 20 subjects: A control group that received common treatments for COVID-19, a group treated with a low-power gallium arsenide laser diode (660 nm) with an output dose of 2 J/cm2 for 7 minutes and 5 days in a row in addition to standard treatments, and another group that received common treatments with the same laser dose at the same time as the first group with a low-power diode laser (450 nm). Laboratory data and clinical criteria between groups were compared before and after the treatment. Results: An increase in O2 and partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) was significant in the two laser therapy groups (P < 0.05). In addition, the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) decreased significantly in the blue laser group (mean difference = -1.44 ± 12.72). The COP score was reduced in all groups; however, only in the blue laser group the reduction in COP score was significant (P < 0.05). In the blue laser group, the COP score before and after the treatment was reduced. Conclusions: The use of an intravenous laser with red and blue wavelength with an output dose of 2 J/cm2 for 7 minutes and 5 days in a row, in addition to standard treatments, showed the improvement of oxygenation (O2 and PO2 in arterial blood gas [ABG]) and the reduction of inflammatory factors (erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR] and C-reactive protein [CRP]) and COP scores. However, further extensive studies are needed to prove the therapeutic effects of intravenous lasers, along with the usual treatments for COVID-19.

Since interactome analysis of diseases can provide candidate biomarker panel related to the diseases, in this research, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis is used to introduce the involved crucial proteins in Gastric adenocarcinoma (GA). Gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) is the most common type of stomach cancer. There is no efficient diagnostic molecular method for GA. Applying Cytoscape software 3.4.0 and String Database, the PPI network was constructed for 200 genes. Based on centrality parameters, the critical nodes were screened. Gene ontology of the key proteins for pathway analysis and molecular function processing were done and the highlighted pathways and activities were discussed. Among 200 initial genes, 141 genes were included in a main connected network. Seven crucial proteins, including tumor protein p53, epidermal growth factor receptor, albumin, v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, neuro/glioblastoma derived oncogene homolog (avian), v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1, v-src sarcoma (Schmidt-Ruppin A-2) viral oncogene homolog (avian) and catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1, 88kDa, and Myogenic differentiation 1, were introduced as key nodes of the network. These identified proteins are mostly involved in pathways and activities related to cancer. In conclusion, the finding is corresponding to the significant roles of these introduced proteins in GA disease. This protein panel may be a useful probe in the management of GA.

The corresponding proteins are important for network mapping since the interaction analysis can provide a new interpretation about disease underlying mechanisms as the aim of this study. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is one of the main causes of liver disease in the world. It has been known with many susceptible proteins that play essential role in its pathogenesis. In this paper, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of fatty liver disease retrieved from STRING db by the application of Cytoscape Software. ClueGO analyzed the associated pathways for the selected top proteins. INS, PPARA, LEP, SREBF1, and ALB are the introduced biomarker panel for fatty liver disease. It seems that pathways related to insulin have a prominent role in fatty liver disease. Therefore, investigation in this case is required to confirm the possible linkage of introduced panel and involvement of insulin pathway in the disease.

To evaluate the effect of active T. gondii tachyzoites and its products on the gene expression level of IFN-γR1 and IFN-γR2 in a murine model. Many studies have shown that the parasite Toxoplasma gondii utilizes different mechanisms to inhibit the function of IFN-γ, but the parasite effect on the function of IFN-γR1 and IFN-γR2 is still unclear. Toxoplasma lysate product (TLP), excretory/secretory products (ESPs) obtained from cell free and cell culture media as well as active tachyzoites were injected separately to their respective group each consisted of 10 BALB/c mice. One control group of 10 mice received phosphate buffered saline (PBS). All of the mice were euthanized three days after the last injection and then their peritoneal leukocytes were harvested separately. The total RNA was extracted from the samples, converted to cDNA, and the gene expression level of IFN-γR1 and IFN-γR2 was assessed in all of the treated groups relative to the control one. There was no significant difference between each of the treated groups relative to the control group concerning the gene expression level of IFN-γR2 (P> 0.05). Furthermore, the gene expression level of IFN-γR1 in two groups of TLP (P= 0.04) and ESP obtained from cell free medium (P= 0.008) showed a significant difference relative to the control group. Findings of this study revealed a new aspect of host-T. gondii interaction in that this parasite is able to downregulate IFN-γR1 to reduce the IFN-γ effects on the infected cell.

Nuclear transfer embryonic stem cells (ntESCs) show stem cell characteristics such as pluripotency but cause no immunological disorders. Although ntESCs are able to differentiate into somatic cells, the ability of ntESCs to differentiate into primordial germ cells (PGCs) has not been examined. In this work, we examined the capacity of mouse ntESCs to differentiate into PGCs in vitro. ntESCs aggregated to form embryoid bodies (EB) in EB culture medium supplemented with bone morphogenetic protein 4(BMP4) as the differentiation factor. The expression level of specific PGC genes was compared at days 4 and 8 using real time PCR. Flow cytometry and immunocytochemical staining were used to detect Mvh as a specific PGC marker. ntESCs expressed particular genes related to different stages of PGC development. Flow cytometry and immunocytochemical staining confirmed the presence of Mvh protein in a small number of cells. There were significant differences between cells that differentiated into PGCs in the group treated with Bmp4 compared to non-treated cells. These findings indicate that ntESCs can differentiate into putative PGCs. Improvement of ntESC differentiation into PGCs may be a reliable means of producing mature germ cells.