Anatoliy N. Nesterov

Сравнительный анализ механизмов и кинетики гидратообразования СО 2 с добавкой додецилсульфат натрия и L-лейцина в статических условиях Сравнительный анализ механизмов и кинетики гидратообразования СО 2 с добавкой додецилсульфат натрия и L-лейцина в статических условиях

Currently, to solve the key problem of increasing the efficiency of hydrate technologies for transportation, storage, and utilization of natural and anthropogenic gases in the form of gas hydrates, the use of promoter additives is proposed, among which sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is considered one of the most effective and best-studied additive. However, the promoting effect of SDS does not apply to CO₂ hydrate formation. Amino acids are a new class of gas hydrate formation promoters that have recently been actively studied. We have studied the effect of L-leucine amino acid on the growth kinetics and morphology of CO₂ hydrates. A 0.5 wt % L-leucine addition increases the rate of hydrate formation and the conversion of water to hydrate dozens of times. It was established that the hydrate film formed at the gas–liquid interface on the side of the gas phase is permeable for liquid, while on the side of the liquid phase, the formation of an impermeable hydrate film is inhibited by the L-leucine additive. This combined effect of L-leucine on the hydrate film morphology at the gas–liquid interface leads to the formation of porous hydrate deposits on the side surface of the reactor and to growth of CO₂ hydrates in the gas phase by the capillary mechanism.

Cause of the deformation of the pile foundations of the antenna mast was determined to be insufficient depth of pile sinking and the plastic-frozen state of the frost-susceptible soil. Measures on thermostabilization of the soils were proposed to reduce the deformations. The corrective measures included application of thermosyphons to lowering ground temperature up to solidly frozen state and use a foam cover on the soil surface within the limits of foundations to enhance cooling. Calculations and the subsequent observations in 1996–1999 have shown that the proposed thermostabilization scheme provided additional cooling of approximately −1.0 ° C. In view of the initial ground temperature, the additional cooling was enough for transition of the soils into a solidly frozen state. The pile deformations were decreased by a factor more than 3.

The effect of silica concentration in dry water microdispersion on the kinetics of formation of methane hydrates and efficiency of their self-preservation was studied beyond the range of...