Tatyana Vinnik

Background: Viral infections, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) tend to present more severe disease. This study aims to investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors for severe infection in rheumatologic patients. Methods: We included patients with a diagnosis of AIRD and COVID-19 infection between January 2022 and July 2023. Patients with AIRDs infected with SARS-CoV-2 were matched with control patients of the general population according to age (±5 years) and sex in a 1:1 ratio. Confirmed infection was defined if a patient had a positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. The severity was divided into mild, moderate, severe, and critical according to the guidelines of the United States National Institutes of Health (NIH). Results: A total of 140 individuals (37 males, 103 females; mean age 56.1 ± 11.3 years) with rheumatic disease diagnosed with COVID-19 infection were enrolled in the study. AIRDs included rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n = 63, 45%), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) (n = 35, 25%), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n = 26, 8.6%), and systemic sclerosis (SSc) (n = 16, 11.4%). The AIRDs group had more SARS-CoV-2-related dyspnea (38.6%), arthralgia (45.7%), and depression (27.1%) than the control group (p = 0.004). The rate of lung infiltration on radiographic examination was higher in 58 (41.4%, p = 0.005) patients with rheumatic diseases than in those without them. Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection was more common in the AIRDs group than in the control group (22% vs. 12%; p = 0.043). Conclusions: Patients with AIRDs experienced more symptoms of arthralgia, depression, and dyspnea. There was a trend towards an increased severity of the disease in patients with AIRDs. Patients with arterial hypertension, diabetes, chronic lung, and kidney disease, treated with corticosteroids, had a longer duration, and high activity of autoimmune disease had an increased risk of severe COVID-19.

Introduction: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has had an unprecedented impact on people around the world, particularly those who were suffering from autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs). The world community acknowledges the significance of COVID-19...

Актуальность: По данным крупных эпидемиологических исследований, установлена связь гиперурикемии (ГУ) и высокого риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний включая серьезные сердечно-сосудистые события, такие как инсульт и ишемическая болезнь сердца. Бессимптомная или вторичная ГУ, без клинических признаков суставного синдрома, может длиться годами и быть случайной находкой при обследовании, чаще всего при развитии осложнений со стороны сердечно-сосудистой системы. Следовательно, важно знать факторы риска, приводящие к данному патологическому состоянию и своевременно корректировать на уровне первичного звена. В настоящем литературном обзоре рассмотрены вероятные причинные факторы риска вторичной ГУ при артериальной гипертензии (АГ), в частности ожирение, дислипидемия, длительный прием низких доз ацетилсалициловой кислоты и петлевых диуретиков. Цель исследования: Проведение обзора литературы, касающейся международного и отечественного опыта изучения факторов риска вторичной ГУ при АГ. Стратегия поиска: Проведен систематический поиск в электронных базах данных PubMed, Cochrane library, e-library, Cyberleninka а также использовали дополнительный информационный ресурс Google Scholar. Критериями включения являлись: отчеты о рандомизированных и когортных исследованиях, проведенных на больших популяциях, мета-анализы и систематические обзоры, оригинальные полнотекстовые статьи на английском и русском языках, находящиеся в открытом доступе и содержащие статистически подтвержденные выводы. Критерии исключения:краткие отчеты, газетные статьи и личные сообщения. Глубина поиска составила 10 лет (2012-2022). Релевантный поиск выдал 4100 статей, после первичного анализа для итогового анализа были отобраны 52 статьи. Результаты: По результатам нашего обзора литературы большинство исследований указывают на влияние таких факторов риска, как ожирение, дислипидемия, длительный прием низких доз ацетилсалициловой кислоты и петлевых диуретиков на развитие вторичной ГУ у пациентов с АГ. Background. According to large epidemiological studies, a link has been established between hyperuricemia (HU) and a high risk of cardiovascular diseases, including serious cardiovascular events such as stroke and coronary heart disease. Asymptomatic or secondary HU, without clinical signs of joint syndrome, can last for years and be a random finding during examination, most often with the development of complications from the cardiovascular system. Therefore, it is important to know the risk factors leading to this pathological condition and correct them in a timely manner at the primary level. In this literature review, the probable causal risk factors for secondary hypertension (HT) are considered, in particular obesity, dyslipidemia, long-term administration of low doses of acetylsalicylic acid and loop diuretics. Aim: Systematic analysis of international and domestic experience of studying the risk factors of HU in HT. Search strategy: A systematic search was carried out in the electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane library, e-library, Cyberleninka we also looked at the additional information resource Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria were: reports on randomized and cohort studies conducted on large populations, meta-analyses and systematic reviews, original full-text articles in English and Russian that are publicly available and contain statistically confirmed conclusions. Exclusion criteria: summary reports, newspaper articles and personal messages. The search depth was 10 years (2012-2022). Relevant search returned 4100 articles; after initial analysis, 52 articles were selected for final analysis in accordance with the inclusion criteria. Results: According to the results of our literature review, most studies indicate the influence of risk factors such as obesity, dyslipidemia, long-term use of low doses of acetylsalicylic acid and loop diuretics on the development of asymptomatic HU in patients with HT. Өзектілігі. Үлкен эпидемиологиялық зерттеулердің нәтижелері бойынша гиперурикемия (ГУ) мен жүрек – қан тамыр ауруларының, соның ішінде инсульт пен жүректің ишемиялық ауруы секілді ауыр жағдайлар арасында байланыс бар...

Background: Depression is a common comorbid condition with atopic dermatitis (AD), particularly during the active disease cycle. Controversial results regarding the contribution of biological sex, immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitization, and cortisol on AD severity and comorbid depression justify further investigation. Objective and Methods: To explore the influence of sex and IgE sensitization on biochemical and psychological parameters, and severity of AD, a case-control study of 105 volunteers (56 AD, 49 healthy controls (HC); 50 males, 55 females) was conducted over 10 weeks, starting at dermatological symptom onset. Disease severity, serum IgE, cortisol and testosterone levels, and depression scores were assessed at study baseline and after 10 weeks of conventional treatment. Results: Dermatological severity differed among AD males by IgE sensitization and was elevated in males with extrinsic atopic dermatitis (EAD). Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores were elevated in all patients at study baseline and improved with symptom reduction to HC levels, except female EAD. Severity of depression and dermatitis were correlated in EAD males at baseline and at week 10. Serum cortisol was elevated in male EAD at baseline, in contrast to males with intrinsic atopic dermatitis (IAD) at week 10. In addition, cortisol levels were found negatively correlated with SCORAD and HAMD scores in EAD males at week 10. Conclusion: Pathophysiological features of AD and depression are likely related to different inflammation-based effects and appear to be biological sex-dependent. Cortisol levels depend on biological sex and IgE sensitization in AD and increase in males with EAD at exacerbation and IAD males at resolution. Biological sex-related disease triggers, IgE sensitization, and cortisol levels are important for the understanding of the mechanisms underlying AD and comorbid depression.

Objectives: To examine the effect of seasonality and rs6265 genotype on depression outcome and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level with dermatitis patients from onset through remission. Methods: Atopic dermatitis (AD, 56) and psoriasis (PS, 33) patients and healthy controls (HC, 49) were recruited over the 2014 calendar year. Patients were subdivided by immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitivity (AD only), season and rs6265 genotype. Assessments were performed at onset and week 10 (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAM-D], SCORAD/PASI, IgE, BDNF). Patients received standard corticosteroid and antihistamine interventions. Results: All patients responded to corticosteroid treatment. Seasonally differential outcomes were observed in all groups. HAM-D was elevated at onset and improved over 10 weeks: AD cohort 1 (autumn/winter, AD-1) patients improved and AD cohort 2 (spring/summer, AD-2) patients remained elevated. BDNF levels were elevated in AD and seasonal differential: AD-2 declined at 10 weeks, whereas AD-1 remained high (intrinsic AD) or elevated further (extrinsic AD). PS cohort 2 declined to below control at 10 weeks. AD Val/Val had persistently elevated HAM-D and AD Val/Met were either normal (AD-1) or persistently elevated (AD-2). Conclusions: Findings presented here suggest a strong influence of seasonality on depression outcome and BDNF expression in AD and PS and likely reflect separate patient populations which differentially respond to environment-based stressors.