Raphael Mmaduka Obodo

The research work demonstrated a simple hydrothermal technique for fabricating viable (2D/3D) dimensional Bi ₂ O ₃ @Er ₂ O ₃ /MXenes composite electrodes with strong pseudocapacitive properties. These composite electrodes were created utilizing active MXenes and commercial Bismuth/Erbium oxides. Various diffractive, spectroscopic, and microscopic techniques were employed to characterize the composite electrodes, which were also investigated electrochemically for potential application as supercapacitor electrodes. However, maximum specific capacitances of 1105, 872, and 1335 Fg ⁻¹ were obtained through electrochemical examination engaging a scan rate of 1.0 mVs ⁻¹ for Bi ₂ O ₃ /MXenes (BM), Er ₂ O ₃ /MXenes (EM), and Bi ₂ O ₃ @Er ₂ O ₃ /MXenes (BEM) electrodes, respectively. Similarly, engaging GCD at 0.5 Ag ⁻¹ current density, an optimum specific capacitance of 1280, 998, and 1572 Fg ⁻¹ . According to the investigation, these electrodes' electrochemical characteristics were outstanding, which may have been influenced by the inclusion of MXenes. It is possible to employ BM, EM, and BEM electrodes as supercapacitor electrodes because of their exceptional performance and efficiency. It is found that the BEM electrode retains 75.93% of the electrode's original specific capacitance (SC) worth subsequent to 10 000 complete cycles, indicating outstanding cyclic firmness using 0.5 Ag ⁻¹ current density.

This article reports for the first time on the possibility of the biosynthesis of single-phase potassium chromate (K2CrO4). This was achieved by using the natural extract of dried citrus peel as both an effective chelating agent and an original green source of potassium (K). For the bioengineering of K2CrO4 at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, H2O as the unique universal solvent and Cr(NO₃)₃ • 9H₂O as Cr source were used. The validation of such a bioengineered K2CrO4 was carried out specifically via Raman spectroscopy. In this investigation, the various intrinsic Raman modes of single-phase K2CrO4 were observed in full agreement with B2g (352 cm-1), Ag + B2g (396 cm-1), Ag + B2g (853 cm-1), B3g (875 cm-1) and Ag (905 cm-1) inherent in K2CrO4 (chromate) vibrational modes, which are different from those in K2Cr2O7 (dichromate).

The use of transition metal oxides as supercapacitor electrodes has attracted a great deal of attention because of their properties such as superior electrochemical performances, availability, low toxicity and affordability. It has been noted that Co3O4@MnO2@ZnO composites augmented with Vitex doniana leaf extract as an electrode material is being investigated for the first time in the context of supercapacitors. The Co3O4@MnO2@ZnO composite electrode mediated with Vitex doniana leaf extract used in this study was produced using the chemical bath deposition technique. The findings demonstrated that Co3O4@MnO2@ZnO nanocomposites enhanced with Vitex doniana leaf extract are good material for supercapacitor electrode fabrication. This is demonstrated by the achievement of maximum specific capacitances of 1 215 F/g using cyclic voltammetry and 1 250 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g using galvanostatic charge–discharge. After 10 000 complete cycles, Co3O4@MnO2@ZnO (CMZ/150) showed exceptional stability, with a 97.25% retention rate.

In recent years, research studies on e-fuels such as e-methane, e-kerosene, e-methane, e-ammonia, e-diesel and e-methanol have engrossed the interest of scientists because of their unique features. These fuels are in vapour or molten phase that are formed from renewable energy sources (such as solar, wind and water) or decarbonised electricity. Recent research studies on the fabrication and applications of e-fuels have advanced significantly owing to the integration of graphene and its derivatives with special chemical and physical characteristics in their various working principles and applications. The most recent developments in the fabrication and applications of materials that are graphene-based e-fuels include the integration of graphene in electrodes and electrolytes of the e-fuel devices. E-fuels are also used in the decarbonisation of our environment since anthropogenic carbon (IV) oxide (CO2) and carbon (II) oxide (CO) emitted from various sources will be reduced; consequently reducing greenhouse effects. This review aims at exploring techniques of using graphene and its derivatives in enhancing the performance and elongating the lifespan of e-fuel devices.