Sidra Batool

In this paper, we develop a simple technique to identify material texture from far, by using polarization-resolved imaging. Such a technique can be easily implemented into industrial environments, where fast and cheap sensors are required. The technique has been applied to both isotropic references (Teflon bar) and anisotropic samples (wood). By studying the radiance of the samples illuminated by linearly polarized light, different and specific behaviours are identified for both isotropic and anisotropic samples, in terms of multipolar emission and linear dichroism, from which fibre orientation can be resolved.

An analysis of multiple scattering by two Perfect Electric Conducting (PEC) spheres using translation Addition Theorem (AT) for spherical vector wave functions is presented. Specifically, the Cruzan formalism is used to represent the AT for spherical harmonics, which introduces the translation coefficients for transformation of spherical harmonics from one coordinate to another. The adoption of these coefficients with the use of two PEC spheres in a near zone region makes the calculation of multiple scattering electric fields very efficient. As an illustration, the mathematical formation using advanced computational approaches was inspected. Then, the generic truncation criteria in the scattered electric field by two PEC spheres was deeply investigated using translation AT. However, the numerical validation was obtained using Comsol simulation software. This approach will allow to evaluate the scattering from macro-structures composed of spherical particles, i.e., biological molecules, clouds of airborne particles, etc. An original and fully general solution to the problem using vector quantities is introduced, and the convergence of the solution in several numerical examples is also demonstrated. This approach takes into account the effect of multiple scattering by two PEC spheres for spherical vector function.

There are many factors of methodological origin that influence the measurement of optical properties of the entire circulatory system which consists of blood as the basic component. The basic idea of this review article is to provide the optical properties of the circulatory system with all those factors of influence that have been employed in biomedical optics for different applications. We begin with the available optical properties, i.e., absorption, scattering and, reduced scattering coefficient, in general for any tissue inside the human body and prominent scattering theories (e.g., light, X-rays, neutrons) that are helpful in this regard. We have reviewed and compiled already available formulas and their respective available data for different human tissues for these optical properties. Then we have descended to the blood composition and to different scattering techniques available in the literature to study scattering and light propagation inside blood. We have reviewed both computational and theoretical scattering techniques.

In this article, we study a homogenization model for cloaking applications. In the given model, we consider an isotropic inner layer, which is coated with a multilayer anisotropic circular cylinder. We describe the electrostatic response of a polarly radially anisotropic (PRA) multilayer circular cylinder. It consists of different components of permittivity in radial and tangential directions for each layer. We have shown the mathematical derivation of the polarizability and effective permittivity of a PRA multilayer circular cylinder. Moreover, we demonstrate the cloaking behavior using a PRA multilayer circular cylinder. Meanwhile, we test our formation with advanced computational approaches. During our numerical test, we have investigated the numerical results of the polarizability of a PRA multilayer circular cylinder. We employ an inner cloak surrounded by a multilayer anisotropic circular cylinder. However, for an ideal cloak, the contrast between the permittivity parameters approaches infinity.

We studied a Spherically Radially Anisotropic (SRA) multilayer sphere with an arbitrary number of layers. Within each layer permittivity components are different from each other in radial and tangential directions. Under the quasi-static approximation, we developed a more generalized mathematical model that can be used to calculate polarizability of the SRA multilayer sphere with any arbitrary number of layers. Moreover, the functionality of the SRA multilayer sphere as a cloak has been investigated. It has been shown that by choosing a suitable contrast between components of the permittivity, the SRA multilayer sphere can achieve threshold required for invisibility cloaking.

The manuscript reviews the current literature on scattering applications of RADAR (Radio Detecting And Ranging) in remote sensing and diagnostics. This paper gives prime features for a variety of RADAR applications ranging from forest and climate monitoring to weather forecast, sea status, planetary information, and mapping of natural disasters such as the ones caused by earthquakes. Both the fundamental parameters involved in scattering mechanisms of RADAR applications and the factors affecting RADAR performances are also discussed.