Paweł Magryta

This study experimentally compares classical PID and three adaptive control strategies (including a novel adaptive control strategy developed by the authors) for stabilizing the crankshaft speed of a diesel engine (ADCR Euro 4). The tests were performed on a dynamometer with alternator-induced step loads. All tests were performed at a constant engine crankshaft speed using National Instruments instrumentation and custom LabVIEW-based software for real-time monitoring. Metrics included response time (RT), overshoot (OV), and steady-state error (SSE), each based on ten repetitions with reported standard deviations. Results show that the competitive adaptive algorithm reduced RT by ~20%, OV by ~15%, and SSE by ~10% compared to PID. These results confirm that adaptive control, especially the competitive strategy, provides high precision and fast disturbance rejection, bridging the gap between simulation-based studies and industrial diesel engine applications. These results highlight the potential of adaptive control in applications such as air–fuel ratio control, turbocharger pressure control, knock detection, and fuel optimization.

This study presents an experimental investigation into the acoustic emissions of a Wankel rotary engine fueled by three distinct injection strategies: unleaded gasoline (E10), hydrogen with water addition (H2W), and pure hydrogen (H2). Measurements were carried out on an engine test bench under steady-state operating conditions. The analysis encompassed both sound pressure levels and frequency-domain characteristics of the acoustic signals. A microphone array in conjunction with CAE Noise Inspector software was used to capture and analyse noise emissions originating from the combustion chamber. The results revealed distinct variations in acoustic behaviour depending on the fuel type. Notably, the engine powered by pure hydrogen exhibited the highest amplitude of emitted combustion noise, potentially attributable to knocking combustion phenomena. The study underscores that fuel selection has a significant impact on the acoustic signature of the Wankel engine. Furthermore, the adopted measurement methodology proved effective in identifying combustion-related sound patterns and provides a foundation for future optimisation of rotary engines operating on alternative fuels.

This study compares PID and adaptive control algorithms for stabilizing the crankshaft speed of a diesel engine. Key performance metrics — response time, overshot and steady-state error — were analysed to evaluate control effectiveness. Experiments were conducted on a dynamometer test bench with variable mechanical loads introduced via alternator load adjustments. All tests were performed at a constant crankshaft speed using National Instruments measurement equipment and custom LabVIEW-based software for real-time monitoring. The analysis included four algorithms, among them a novel adaptive control strategy developed by authors. Statistical methods were used to assess performance differences. Results show that the proposed adaptive algorithm significantly improved control performance: approximately 20% in response time, 15% in overshoot, and 10% in error relative to the PID and covariance-based benchmarks. These findings highlight the potential of adaptive control in applications such as air-fuel ratio regulation, turbocharger pressure control, knock detection, and fuel optimisation.

This article presents the results of simulation research of a diesel engine for a light helicopter. The simulations were performed using the 1D software AVL Boost RT. The engine model includes elements such as cylinders, turbine, compressor, inlet and outlet valves, ambient environment definition, and fuel injection control strategy. The simulations aimed to evaluate the engine's response to step changes in the main rotor load, both increasing and decreasing power demands. Parameters analyzed included power deviation, torque, engine rotational speed, and stabilization time of the main rotor rotational speed. All tests were conducted using a single set of PI controller settings. The results demonstrate that these parameters are dependent on the magnitude of the step change in the main rotor load demand. The study compares the maximum engine rotational speed deviation from the nominal value for both increasing and decreasing main rotor load demands. The findings indicate that using PI regulator to control rotational speed in the diesel engine in a light helicopter significantly depends on the change in the load torque on the rotor.

The article presents the results of the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) research on a vertical axis wind turbine with a variable swept area. The tested turbine has four sets of blades, each of which consists of two moving parts. By changing the angle between these parts, it is possible to...

The article presents the results of toxic emissions in road tests of an urban bus. The object of the study was the Mercedes Connecto city bus. The results of toxic emissions were recorded in real time while bus drives with the use of the Semtech Ecostar exhaust gas analysis system. The study...

The article presents simulation strength calculations of a newly designed crankshaft for a PZL 100 engine with a reciprocating piston design. This engine is the subject of a research and development project co-financed by NCBR. The article presents four successive versions of the crankshaft...

The article presents the results of numerical simulations using the FEM (Finite Element Method) of the engine mount strength for mounting an aircraft diesel engine with opposite pistons called PZL-100. Four versions of the mount prepared by aircraft engine producer WSK "PZL-Kalisz"...

The paper reports a computer model for simulating dynamic responses in fuel rail of aircraft diesel engine. The fuel system was designed for use in a two-stroke compression-ignition engine with opposite pistons. The methodology of building a fuel system model in the AVL Hydsim program and the results of simulation studies were presented. Determination of dynamic phenomena in the fuel rail required the construction of a model of the entire supply system. It is a common rail system with a three-section positive displacement pump and electromagnetic fuel injectors. The system is also equipped with a PID regulator to maintain the present pressure in the fuel rail. For the purposes of the research, two structures of the fuel rail were developed. They differ in dimensions, spacing of the outlet ports and location of the high-pressure connection. The research allowed determining the interactions between the geometry of the fuel rail and the supply method with the fuel pressure and injector mass flow rate. This will optimise the design of the fuel rail for the three-cylinder engine power supply system.

In recent years, the opposed-piston engines have become increasingly popular in the automotive and aerospace industries. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on this type of drive. The paper presents simulation research of a two-stroke opposed-piston diesel engine designed for...