Paul E. Sokol
Current Organizations / Institutes
The organizations/institutes from the scholar's latest article
Previous Organizations / Institutes
The organizations / institutes from the scholar's other articles in the past ten years
Research Subjects
Paul E. Sokol has a total of 244 co-authors. Here are the top co-authors by number of shared publications:
W. G. Stirling
Institute Laue-Langevin - Grenoble, France
11 shared publicationsW. M. Snow
The Pennsylvania State University
11 shared publications- Timothy R. Prisk
Physical and Life Sciences, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
9 shared publications R. M. Dimeo
NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology
7 shared publicationsR. T. Azuah
Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology - Gaithersburg, MD 20899-6100, USA
7 shared publicationsD. L. Price
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4843
6 shared publications
Latest Publications
- 25 February 2026
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review B
- Vol. 113 (7)
Localization and wetting of He 4 inside preplated nanopores
- 25 February 2026
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review B
- Vol. 113 (7)
Localization and wetting of He 4 inside preplated nanopores
- 16 August 2022
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review E
- Vol. 106 (2) , 025312
Parameter-free differential evolution algorithm for the analytic continuation of imaginary time correlation functions
We report on differential evolution for analytic continuation: a parameter-free evolutionary algorithm to generate the dynamic structure factor from imaginary time correlation functions. Our approach to this long-standing problem in quantum many-body physics achieves enhanced spectral fidelity while using fewer compute (CPU) hours. The need for fine-tuning of algorithmic control parameters is eliminated by embedding them within the genome to be optimized for this evolutionary computation-based algorithm. Benchmarks are presented for models where the dynamic structure factor is known exactly and experimentally relevant results are included for quantum Monte Carlo simulations of bulk below the superfluid transition temperature.- 16 August 2022
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review E
- Vol. 106 (2) , 025312
Parameter-free differential evolution algorithm for the analytic continuation of imaginary time correlation functions
We report on differential evolution for analytic continuation: a parameter-free evolutionary algorithm to generate the dynamic structure factor from imaginary time correlation functions. Our approach to this long-standing problem in quantum many-body physics achieves enhanced spectral fidelity while using fewer compute (CPU) hours. The need for fine-tuning of algorithmic control parameters is eliminated by embedding them within the genome to be optimized for this evolutionary computation-based algorithm. Benchmarks are presented for models where the dynamic structure factor is known exactly and experimentally relevant results are included for quantum Monte Carlo simulations of bulk below the superfluid transition temperature.- Open Access
- 7 June 2022
- Published by Springer Nature in Nature Communications
- Vol. 13 (1) , 1-7
Experimental realization of one dimensional helium
As the spatial dimension is lowered, locally stabilizing interactions are reduced, leading to the emergence of strongly fluctuating phases of matter without classical analogues. Here we report on the experimental observation of a one dimensional quantum liquid of 4He using nanoengineering by confining it within a porous material preplated with a noble gas to enhance dimensional reduction. The resulting excitations of the confined 4He are qualitatively different than bulk superfluid helium, and can be analyzed in terms of a mobile impurity allowing for the characterization of the emergent quantum liquid beyond the Luttinger liquid paradigm. The low dimensional helium system offers the possibility of tuning via pressure—from weakly interacting, all the way to the super Tonks-Girardeau gas of strongly interacting hard-core particles.
- 7 June 2022
- Published by Springer Nature in Nature Communications
- Vol. 13 (1) , 1-7
Open AccessExperimental realization of one dimensional helium
As the spatial dimension is lowered, locally stabilizing interactions are reduced, leading to the emergence of strongly fluctuating phases of matter without classical analogues. Here we report on the experimental observation of a one dimensional quantum liquid of 4He using nanoengineering by confining it within a porous material preplated with a noble gas to enhance dimensional reduction. The resulting excitations of the confined 4He are qualitatively different than bulk superfluid helium, and can be analyzed in terms of a mobile impurity allowing for the characterization of the emergent quantum liquid beyond the Luttinger liquid paradigm. The low dimensional helium system offers the possibility of tuning via pressure—from weakly interacting, all the way to the super Tonks-Girardeau gas of strongly interacting hard-core particles.
- 6 October 2020
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review B
- Vol. 102 (14) , 144505
Dimensional reduction of helium-4 inside argon-plated MCM-41 nanopores
The angstrom-scale coherence length describing the superfluid wave function of at low temperatures has prevented its preparation in a truly one-dimensional geometry. Mesoporous ordered silica-based structures, such as the molecular sieve MCM-41, offer a promising avenue towards physical confinement, but the minimal pore diameters that can be chemically synthesized have proven to be too large to reach the quasi-one-dimensional limit. We present an active nano-engineering approach to this problem by preplating MCM-41 with a single, well controlled layer of Ar gas before filling the pores with helium. The structure inside the pore is investigated via experimental adsorption isotherms and neutron scattering measurements that are in agreement with large scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations. The results demonstrate angstrom and Kelvin scale tunability of the effective confinement potential experienced by atoms inside the MCM-41, with the Ar layer reducing the diameter of the confining media into a regime where a number of solid layers surround a one-dimensional quantum liquid.- 6 October 2020
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review B
- Vol. 102 (14) , 144505
Dimensional reduction of helium-4 inside argon-plated MCM-41 nanopores
The angstrom-scale coherence length describing the superfluid wave function of at low temperatures has prevented its preparation in a truly one-dimensional geometry. Mesoporous ordered silica-based structures, such as the molecular sieve MCM-41, offer a promising avenue towards physical confinement, but the minimal pore diameters that can be chemically synthesized have proven to be too large to reach the quasi-one-dimensional limit. We present an active nano-engineering approach to this problem by preplating MCM-41 with a single, well controlled layer of Ar gas before filling the pores with helium. The structure inside the pore is investigated via experimental adsorption isotherms and neutron scattering measurements that are in agreement with large scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations. The results demonstrate angstrom and Kelvin scale tunability of the effective confinement potential experienced by atoms inside the MCM-41, with the Ar layer reducing the diameter of the confining media into a regime where a number of solid layers surround a one-dimensional quantum liquid.- 22 May 2018
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review B
- Vol. 97 (18) , 184511
Maxon and roton measurements in nanoconfinedWe investigate the behavior of the collective excitations of adsorbed in an ordered hexagonal mesopore, examining the crossover from a thin film to a confined fluid. Here, we present the inelastic scattering results as a function of filling at constant temperature. We find a monotonic transition of the maxon excitation as a function of filling. This has been interpreted as corresponding to an increasing density of the adsorbed helium, which approaches the bulk value as filling increases. The roton minimum exhibits a more complicated behavior that does not monotonically approach bulk values as filling increases. The full pore scattering resembles the bulk liquid accompanied by a layer mode. The maxon and roton scattering, taken together, at intermediate fillings does not correspond to a single bulk liquid dispersion at negative, low, or high pressure.- 22 May 2018
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review B
- Vol. 97 (18) , 184511
Maxon and roton measurements in nanoconfinedWe investigate the behavior of the collective excitations of adsorbed in an ordered hexagonal mesopore, examining the crossover from a thin film to a confined fluid. Here, we present the inelastic scattering results as a function of filling at constant temperature. We find a monotonic transition of the maxon excitation as a function of filling. This has been interpreted as corresponding to an increasing density of the adsorbed helium, which approaches the bulk value as filling increases. The roton minimum exhibits a more complicated behavior that does not monotonically approach bulk values as filling increases. The full pore scattering resembles the bulk liquid accompanied by a layer mode. The maxon and roton scattering, taken together, at intermediate fillings does not correspond to a single bulk liquid dispersion at negative, low, or high pressure.- 24 July 2017
- Published by Springer Nature in Journal of Low Temperature Physics
- Vol. 189 (3-4) , 158-184
The Momentum Distribution of Liquid $^4\hbox {He}$- 24 July 2017
- Published by Springer Nature in Journal of Low Temperature Physics
- Vol. 189 (3-4) , 158-184
The Momentum Distribution of Liquid $^4\hbox {He}$- Open Access
- 20 April 2017
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review B
- Vol. 95 (14) , 144509
Bulklike excitations in nanoconfined liquid helium
The effects of confinement, disorder, and reduced dimensionality upon quantum fluids have been studied by the adsorption of liquid helium in porous media. The effects of extreme, nanoscale confinement upon its microscopic excitations are not presently understood. Several previous experiments have suggested that at sufficiently low temperature, the roton mean free path is set by the restricted geometry. Here we show that the lifetime of the roton excitation is unaffected when superfluid helium is confined within cylindrical pores only a few nanometers in diameter. The temperature dependence of its lifetime are found to be identical to the bulk fluid, implying that the lifetime is not set by the scale of the confinement. Our results demonstrate that the rotons in the pore center propagate without being modified by the confining media, unlike the collective excitations of classical fluids.
- 20 April 2017
- Published by American Physical Society (APS) in Physical Review B
- Vol. 95 (14) , 144509
Open AccessBulklike excitations in nanoconfined liquid helium
The effects of confinement, disorder, and reduced dimensionality upon quantum fluids have been studied by the adsorption of liquid helium in porous media. The effects of extreme, nanoscale confinement upon its microscopic excitations are not presently understood. Several previous experiments have suggested that at sufficiently low temperature, the roton mean free path is set by the restricted geometry. Here we show that the lifetime of the roton excitation is unaffected when superfluid helium is confined within cylindrical pores only a few nanometers in diameter. The temperature dependence of its lifetime are found to be identical to the bulk fluid, implying that the lifetime is not set by the scale of the confinement. Our results demonstrate that the rotons in the pore center propagate without being modified by the confining media, unlike the collective excitations of classical fluids.
- 1 September 2016
- Published by IOP Publishing in Europhysics Letters
- Vol. 115 (6) , 66001
The momentum distribution of liquid 3 He
We present high-resolution neutron Compton scattering measurements of liquid 3He below its renormalized Fermi temperature. Theoretical predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental data when instrumental resolution and final-state effects are accounted for. Our results resolve the long-standing inconsistency between theoretical and experimental estimates of the average atomic kinetic energy.
- 1 September 2016
- Published by IOP Publishing in Europhysics Letters
- Vol. 115 (6) , 66001
The momentum distribution of liquid 3 He
We present high-resolution neutron Compton scattering measurements of liquid 3He below its renormalized Fermi temperature. Theoretical predictions are in excellent agreement with the experimental data when instrumental resolution and final-state effects are accounted for. Our results resolve the long-standing inconsistency between theoretical and experimental estimates of the average atomic kinetic energy.
- 12 August 2015
- Published by Springer Nature in Journal of Low Temperature Physics
- Vol. 181 (3-4) , 139-146
Magnetic Behavior of Solid Ar–O $_2$ 2 Solutions- 12 August 2015
- Published by Springer Nature in Journal of Low Temperature Physics
- Vol. 181 (3-4) , 139-146
Magnetic Behavior of Solid Ar–O $_2$ 2 Solutions- Open Access
- 1 October 2014
- Published by IOP Publishing in New Journal of Physics
- Vol. 16 (10)
A nano-scale free volume perspective on the glass transition of supercooled water in confinement
- 1 October 2014
- Published by IOP Publishing in New Journal of Physics
- Vol. 16 (10)
Open AccessA nano-scale free volume perspective on the glass transition of supercooled water in confinement