Muhd Khudri Johari

Education is a key factor in strengthening the direction of a civilisation, and in Malaysia, its implementation is based on the National Education Philosophy (NEP). The 21st-century education emphasizes knowledge delivery, innovation, technological competence and the holistic and integrated development of human capital. Teaching and learning (T&L) conducted by teachers at Religious Primary Schools (SRA) under the supervision of the Melaka Islamic Religious Department (JAIM) follows the curriculum of the Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM). However, research on the development of contemporary pedagogical methods remains limited. This study identifies the key elements contributing to the effectiveness of teaching and learning among SRAJAIM teachers based on Al-Ghazali’s educational principles, which emphasize the balance between character, knowledge and practice, and develops a context-appropriate T&L model. The qualitative study employed literature review and focus group discussions (FGD) involving approximately 40 informants, with data analysed using NVivo software. The findings indicate that the T&L practices of SRAJAIM teachers are consistent with the NEP, particularly with regard to lifelong learning and holistic integrated approaches. Accordingly, the IQRAK Model was developed as a novel contribution and represents the first structured T&L model specifically designed and implemented within the JAIM education system to strengthen human capital development in a holistic and balanced manner.

Moral excellence (akhlak) holds paramount significance in Islam, serving as the criterion for a Muslim’s standing before Allah. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) emphasized the importance of benevolence and deeds over outward appearances, highlighting the inseparable connection between ethical conduct and spiritual integrity. Despite this high regard for moral virtues, embodying them remains a significant challenge for Muslim youth, particularly among university students. The era of globalization, coupled with the pervasive influence of social media and mass media, often exerts a detrimental impact on adolescents, contributing to a pressing concern over behavioral misconduct issues within higher education institutions. This study examines the concept of moral education for university students by analyzing Al-Buzaidi’s book, Al-Adab Al-Mardhiyyah. This research aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the principles of moral excellence as a guide for contemporary challenges faced by young Muslims in a university setting.

This qualitative study explores the factors influencing career adaptability that contribute to the career development of Aṣnāf Faqīr (poor) individuals. Using thematic analysis of in-depth interviews, the research involved 12 participants. The findings highlight various elements impacting the career adaptability of those from low-income backgrounds, including personal traits like self-efficacy and resilience, social context factors such as family support and mentor access, and career-related experiences like education and job training. Furthermore, the study shows a positive link between career adaptability and improved employability, confidence, and career mobility among the poor. The research underscores the importance of investing in career development programmes tailored to address the specific needs and challenges of individuals with limited financial resources. Therefore, Aṣnāf Faqīr development programmes should provide the necessary skills and resources to effectively navigate the job market and achieve greater economic stability.

Asnaf Faqir refers to a group of indigent people who have no source of income, possess neither property or material of their own, and they earn less than 50 percent of their own and their dependents’ basic necessities in life. This study was conducted to identify the indicators that can be used to steadily empower destitute people based on Imam Al-Ghazali’s thoughts and views. The subsequent findings produced a basic framework for the formation of Asnaf Faqir’s career path, based on the concept of spirituality. This qualitative study used library methods for the data collection. The data for this study were collected through various documents and manuscripts, including the Holy Quran, Books of Hadith, Al-Ghazali’s works, journal articles, and others. The data for this study were analyzed deductively and inductively to extract basic spiritual principles related to career paths, as suggested by Al-Ghazali. This study shows that the elements of al-Ruh, al-Insan, al-‘Aql, al-Qalb and al-Jasad of humans are important in shaping the career path of Asnaf Faqir. These five elements were found to be critical factors in fulfilling the planning, exploration, gathering of information, and determination of the career path of Asnaf Faqir as entrepreneurs or skilled workers.

HRMARS is well established journal publisher based in Pakistan. It is publishing prominent journals in social sciences since 2011.

HRMARS is well established journal publisher based in Pakistan. It is publishing prominent journals in social sciences since 2011.

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected the livelihood of many ever since its first detection nearly a year ago. Up until now, almost every domain of societal norms has been drastically impacted—particularly education. Many people immediately opted for Internet-based apps and programs within their capabilities and financial means to cope with the learning progress for themselves and the people around them. Learning institutions and teaching staffs worldwide quickly adopted these technologies and later adapted everything within online contexts. From there, extensive changes had been made to cope with the teaching/learning issues caused by the global pandemic. By utilizing an adapted questionnaire, this study discussed and evaluated the practicality of online assessments that had been implemented posthaste to assess an Aviation English course for aircraft maintenance undergraduates in flipped classrooms. The discussion findings indicated that while there were certainly a number of issues that can be quickly improvised in the near future, the whole implementation was definitely a success—especially with the ongoing limitations experienced by both educators and students.

The purpose of this study is to examine how problem-based learning (PBL) is adapted in an online teaching medium using Microsoft Teams and then utilized in Aviation English classrooms at a Malaysian aviation-based technical institution with the purpose of testing for any discernible effect. Using Microsoft Teams, lecturers guided final-year Aircraft Maintenance undergraduates into self-directed study and peer instruction for five consecutive weeks. A study was performed to determine the influence of online PBL instruction on learners’ exam results. The paired sign test was used to analyze the non-normal data in SPSS—the mixed results showed that additional studies should be carried out for additional areas of study/curricula when pursuing PBL-Institute prestige in order to enhance the online PBL implementation processes and choose the most appropriate online PBL framework for each area of study.