Grace Ka In Lok

As a leading cause of adolescent death, suicidal and self-injurious related behaviors (SSIRBs) is a devastating global health problem, particularly among patients with psychiatric disorders (PDs). Previous studies have shown that multiple interventions can alleviate symptoms and reduce risks. This review aimed to provide a systematic summary of interventions (i.e., medication, physical therapy, psychosocial therapy) for the treatment of SSIRBs among Chinese adolescents with PDs. From inception to September 17, 2023, twelve databases (PubMed, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Clinical Trial, Web of Science, CEPS, SinoMed, Wanfang and CNKI) were searched. We qualitatively and quantitatively synthesized the included studies. Standardized mean differences (SMDs), risk ratios and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) used the Der Simonian and Laird random-effects model. Fifty-two studies covering 3709 eligible participants were included. Overall, the commonly used interventions targeting SSIRBs and negative feelings in PDs adolescents with SSIRBs included psychosocial therapy (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy), medication (e.g., antidepressants), and physiotherapy (e.g., repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation). Importantly, quetiapine fumarate in combination with sodium valproate (SV) had positive effects on reducing self-injury behaviors score [SMD: −2.466 (95% CI: −3.305, −1.628), I² = 88.36%], depression [SMD: −1.587 (95% CI: −2.505, −0.670), I² = 90.45%], anxiety [SMD: −1.925 (95% CI: −2.700, −1.150), I² = 85.23%], impulsivity [SMD: −2.439 (95% CI: −2.748, −2.094), I² = 0%], as well as its safety in comparison with SV alone. No significant difference of adverse reactions was found by low-dose QF (P > 0.05). This review systematically outlined the primary characteristics, safety and effectiveness of interventions for Chinese PDs adolescents with SSIRBs, which could serve as valuable evidence for guidelines aiming to formulate recommendations.

Background and aims: Internet addiction (IA) has been identified as a major public health problem that is more prominent in adolescents and young adults. Some researchers have indicated certain advantages of family-based therapy over other treatments in participants with IA, but no conclusive evaluation has been reported. The present meta-analysis aims to review the efficacy of family-based therapy on Internet addiction in adolescents and young adults.Methods: Relevant articles published from 1996 to February 15th, 2024, were searched from 14 databases, including three Chinese databases. A total of 19,590 articles were identified using a combination of three sets of search terms (Internet addiction, family therapy, and adolescents). Only RCTs and nonrandomized controlled trials were included.Results: 18 studies, most of which were conducted in Asian countries, were included in the final data analysis. The overall severity of Internet addiction in the family-based therapy group was significantly lower than that in the control group. However, significant heterogeneity was detected. Subgroup analysis showed a beneficial effect of family-based therapy when compared with non-intervention and when added to another psychological or behavioural therapy in psychiatric patients with co-medication. Few studies have examined secondary outcomes or follow-up effects.Discussion and Conclusions: Family-based therapy is most effective in reducing the severity of Internet addiction when combined with other therapies, especially medication treatments in psychiatric patients. It might also be helpful to relieve depression and enhance family functions, which needs further evidence. More studies following up on the post-intervention effects are recommended in the future.

Background: Suicidal and self-injurious-related behaviors (SSIRBs) are a serious public health challenge in China. However, a comprehensive systematic review of psychosocial interventions for SSIRBs among Chinese adolescents has not been performed. To fill this gap, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine psychosocial interventions for SSIRBs among Chinese adolescents.Methods: Eight international (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Clinical Trial, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) and four Chinese (Wanfang, SinoMed, CEPS, and CNKI) databases were searched from inception to 31 January 2023. Data extraction and quality assessment were independently conducted by two groups of researchers. Qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis were both used.Results: The initial search yielded 16,872 titles. Of the 649 full texts reviewed, 19 intervention articles focusing on SSIRBs met the inclusion criteria. Thirteen out of the 19 included studies involved cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT). Seven non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) studies assessing self-injurious behaviors were included (six short-term studies and three long-term studies). Compared with long-term interventions [−1.30 (95% CI: –1.84, −0.76)], short-term psychosocial interventions had a higher standardized mean difference (SMD) value [1.86 (95% CI: –2.72, −0.99)]. Meta-regression showed an inverse relationship between the treatment response and sample size (slope = 0.068, Z = 2.914, p = 0.004) and proportion of females (slope = 1.096, Z = 5.848, p < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that compared with the “less than 1 month” group [−0.494 (−0.783, −0.205)], in the “immediate postintervention” group, the pooled estimate was significantly lower [−2.800 (−4.050, −1.550), p < 0.001].Conclusion: Our review systematically summarized the key characteristics and effectiveness of existing psychosocial interventions for SSIRBs among Chinese adolescents. Short-term psychosocial interventions for NSSI were significantly effective in reducing self-injurious behavior scores, especially in the immediate postintervention period. More favorable treatment responses could be observed in both male and small samples.

Objective: To analyze the preventive effect of specialized nurse health education on diabetic foot ulcers. Methods: From January 2022 to December 2022, 90 diabetic high-risk foot patients that were admitted to the Endocrinology Department of a general hospital in Macau that met the inclusion criteria were selected as the research subjects. The research subjects were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group, with 45 cases in each group by mechanical sampling method. The foot care knowledge of the patients one month and three months after the intervention were evaluated and analyzed. Results: The scores of foot care knowledge in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group at one month and three months after the intervention, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Health education by specialized nurses are essential in preventing and treating diabetic foot ulcers. Effective prevention and management of diabetic foot ulcers can be achieved through guidance on diet control, exercise, foot care, blood sugar monitoring, infection prevention, stress reduction, appropriate medication, and regular follow-up.

INPLASY202350069 Suicide related behaviors in Chinese adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis Keywords: adolescents, prevalence, risk factors, suicide, intervention, chinese. Download PD…

Background: Sleep disturbance is associated with a number of negative adverse outcomes. This study examined the prevalence of sleep disturbance and its association with demographic and clinical characteristics and quality of life (QOL) in psychiatric nurses in China. Methods: This is a multi-center, cross-sectional study involving 11 psychiatric hospitals in China. Three types of sleep disturbance (difficulty initiating sleep (DIS), difficulty maintaining sleep (DMS) and early-morning awakening (EMA)) and QOL were measured by standardized questions or instruments. Results: A total of 1,847 psychiatric nurses participated. The overall prevalence of at least one type of sleep disturbance was 71.5% (95% CI [69.3–73.5]); the prevalence of DIS, DMS and EMA was 58.5% (95% CI [56.2–60.8]), 53.7% (95% CI [51.4–56.0]) and 54.6% (95% CI [52.3–56.9]), respectively. Nurses with sleep disturbance had significantly lower QOL in physical (F_{(1, 1,846)} = 219.12, P < 0.001), psychological (F_{(1, 1,846)} = 72.18, P < 0.001), social (F_{(1, 1,846)} = 37.57, P < 0.001) and environmental domains (F_{(1, 1,846)} = 95.45, P < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that shift work (DIS, OR = 1.6, 95% CI [1.28–1.98]; DMS, OR = 1.2, 95% CI [1.001–1.54]; EMA, OR = 1.3, 95% CI [1.02–1.58]) and alcohol use (DIS, OR = 1.8, 95% CI [1.46–2.32]; DMS, OR = 1.8, 95% CI [1.43–2.23]; EMA, OR = 1.7, 95% CI [1.33–2.07]) were positively associated with sleep disturbance, while higher monthly income (DIS, OR = 0.5, 95% CI [0.38–0.75]; DMS, OR = 0.7, 95% CI [0.51–0.98]) was negatively associated with sleep disturbance. Conclusion: Sleep disturbance was common among nurses in psychiatric hospitals in China, particularly those on shifts and having alcohol use. Health authorities should develop effective measures to reduce risk of sleep disturbance in this population.

Aims: Sexual harassment towards nurses is a major concern universally, but no meta‐analysis on the worldwide prevalence of sexual harassment towards nurses has yet been published. This study examined the worldwide prevalence of sexual harassment against nurses and explored its moderating factors.Design: Meta‐analysis of observational studies.Data sources: The PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases from their commencement date to February 2018 were systematically and independently searched by two investigators.Review methods: Data on the prevalence of sexual harassment experienced by nurses were extracted and pooled using the random‐effects model.Results: A total of 43 studies covering 52,345 nurses were included in the analyses. Female nurses accounted for 83.87% of the 32,970 subjects in 25 studies with available data on gender ratio. The prevalence of sexual harassment towards nurses in the past 12 months and during nursing career were 12.6% (95% CI: 10.9–14.4%) and 53.4% (95% CI: 23.1–83.7%), respectively. Gender, use of the WHO questionnaires, lower middle‐income and high‐income countries, sample size, survey year, and mean age of subjects were significantly associated with the prevalence of sexual harassment.Conclusion: The high prevalence of sexual harassment against nurses found in this meta‐analysis represents the ongoing sexism and deleterious effects (e.g., poor work quality and efficiency, increased stress and job dissatisfaction) in the profession. Appropriate preventive measures, training, and empowerment of nurses are needed to ensure workplace safety and equality in this profession.Impact: The study addressed the worldwide prevalence of sexual harassment against nurses and its moderating factors. Health authorities and hospital administrators should develop organizational policy and preventive strategies to ensure nurses’ workplace safety and equality.