Bircan Dinc

Purpose To estimate early horizontal ridge-width and explicit buccal/facial vertical hard-tissue loss after alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) versus unassisted socket healing. Methods The review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420261432689). PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, Embase.com, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched on 24 June 2026; CENTRAL provided supplementary verification on 1 July 2026. Two reviewers independently selected reports. One reviewer extracted data; the second verified classifications and effect inputs. Randomised direct comparisons were pooled using REML random-effects models with Hartung–Knapp inference. Risk of bias and certainty were assessed with RoB 2 and GRADE. Results Of 1,864 records, 1,739 were screened, and 62 underwent full-text assessment. 28 direct comparison reports were eligible; 20 randomised studies contributed quantitatively, and 8 reports were narrative-only. ARP was associated with less horizontal ridge-width loss (k = 18; MD − 1.37 mm, 95% CI − 1.80 to − 0.94; I² = 75.9%; prediction interval − 2.86 to 0.12) and less explicit buccal/facial vertical loss (k = 13; MD − 1.18 mm, 95% CI − 1.61 to − 0.75; I² = 74.3%; prediction interval − 2.54 to 0.17). Certainty was low for both. The exploratory broad vertical/buccal synthesis favoured ARP (k = 16; MD − 1.26 mm, 95% CI − 1.63 to − 0.89) with very low certainty. Conclusion ARP may reduce early dimensional loss, but substantial heterogeneity and prediction intervals including no effect limit generalisability. Evidence does not establish universal indications, intervention superiority, or long-term implant, aesthetic, or patient-reported benefit.

VVitamin D₃ is a multifunctional secosteroid regulating calcium homeostasis, immune regulation, and cellular metabolism; however, its reproductive and genomic roles in invertebrates remain largely unexplored. This study examined the effects of vitamin D₃ on population expansion and genomic DNA thermal behavior in Caenorhabditis elegans using integrated experimental and computational approaches. Synchronized L4-stage C. elegans were exposed to 1,000 IU, 2,000 IU, and 4,000 IU of vitamin D₃ per NGM plate, and population growth was monitored from Day 0 to Day 15, with image-based counts recorded during follow-up. Vitamin D₃ treatment significantly increased final worm numbers compared with controls, with the strongest population expansion observed in the 1,000 and 4,000 IU groups. Genomic DNA quantification showed the highest recovered DNA concentration at 4,000 IU (193.8 ± 102.9 µg/mL), under input-normalized extraction conditions. DSC analysis revealed treatment-dependent shifts in melting temperature and enthalpy, indicating altered thermal denaturation behavior of isolated genomic DNA rather than direct evidence of DNA damage protection. Molecular docking and 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations suggested DAF-12 as the most plausible candidate receptor for vitamin D₃ (ΔG ≈ −87.67 kcal/mol), followed by NHR-48 and NHR-8. Overall, vitamin D₃ enhanced C. elegans population expansion and altered recovered DNA yield and thermal stability-related parameters, possibly through sterol-responsive nuclear receptor pathways associated with lipid metabolism and germ-line regulation. These findings highlight a potential link between vitamin D₃ exposure, reproductive output, and DNA-associated biophysical responses in C. elegans.

Accurate and reliable quantification of protein–ligand energetics at the screening stage is often complicated by ligand aggregation, hydrophobicity‐driven artifacts, and the need for cosolvents. Here, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as a quantitative, label‐free screening method is evaluated using BCL‐2 as a model oncogenic target. Nine inhibitors (i.e., venetoclax, navitoclax; and seven previously prioritized BCL‐2 hit inhibitors by our research group) are profiled across solvent systems, including neat DMSO, 10% DMSO, and a ternary matrix (S3: 10% DMSO, 90% sulfobutylether‐β‐cyclodextrin (SBE‐β‐CD) in saline). DSC yielded thermal transition temperatures and thermodynamic parameters ( ΔH , ΔG ) that enabled ranking of binding strength. Solubility challenges are addressed by S3, which improved thermal signal quality. Comparisons with time‐resolved fluorescence energy transfer (TR‐FRET) analysis, in vitro assays, and MM/GBSA binding free energy results confirmed DSC's accuracy in detecting binding energetics. Collectively, these results position DSC as a robust, material‐efficient tool for thermodynamic screening of BCL‐2 ligands and other poorly soluble compounds, and as a practical complement to isothermal titration calorimetry when solubility or kinetic limitations prevail.

Dental stem cell therapy (DSCT) is a promising domain in regenerative dentistry, yet the knowledge base, perceived barriers, and adoption readiness among p

Caenorhabditis elegans is widely used in genetics, neurobiology, aging, toxicology, host–microbe research, and whole-animal screening, yet culture conditions are often treated as technical details rather than biologically active variables. Solid agar-based and liquid suspension systems expose animals to different spatial, nutritional, mechanical, and physicochemical environments that can influence locomotion, feeding, metabolism, stress responses, development, gene expression, and experimental reproducibility. This critical narrative review compares the principles, advantages, limitations, and applications of these two major culture regimes and evaluates how culture-dependent variables affect biological interpretation. Solid systems provide spatial organization, localized chemical and microbial cues, and high individual-level resolution, making them particularly suitable for behavioral, developmental, neurobiological, and longitudinal studies. Liquid systems facilitate more readily standardized population density, nutrient and compound exposure, synchronized biomass production, molecular analyses, automation, and high-throughput screening. However, they introduce specific sources of variability associated with swimming, oxygenation, agitation, vessel geometry, and population density. Comparative and recent studies indicate that culture and exposure conditions can alter the magnitude and, in some cases, the detectability of biological and toxicological phenotypes. Emerging approaches incorporating microfluidics, defined media, automated imaging, and controlled microbial environments increasingly combine features of both formats while improving experimental precision. We therefore propose that solid and liquid systems should be considered complementary regimes that should not be assumed to be biologically equivalent. Deliberate culture selection and comprehensive reporting of culture conditions are important for reproducibility, cross-platform comparability, and mechanistic interpretation in C. elegans research.

Iron is an essential element crucial for oxygen transport in the bloodstream; however, deviations from its normal physiological levels can result in health complications. Iron deficiency is a widespread condition and a leading cause of anemia globally. Conversely, excessive iron accumulation can cause severe liver damage, such as cirrhosis, by exacerbating oxidative stress. Consequently, assessing iron status through biomarkers like ferritin, which is a protein that reflects the body’s iron stores, is critical for diagnosing iron-related disorders accurately. The ferritin test, which measures the concentration of ferritin protein in the blood, is a standard method for iron analysis. However, frequent hospital visits for such testing can be both time-intensive and expensive. This has driven significant interest in developing rapid and cost-effective methods for ferritin detection. To meet this demand, a variety of biosensors have been designed using diverse techniques to enable convenient ferritin analysis. Despite considerable advancements in biosensor technologies, a comprehensive classification and analysis of these devices remain lacking, leaving researchers without a unified understanding of their comparative strengths and limitations. This review addresses this gap by systematically categorizing ferritin biosensors based on their underlying mechanisms. The review explores electrochemical biosensors, such as those based on graphene, microfluidics, and ZnO–Mn₃O₄ nanocomposites, as well as electrical biosensors using quantum dots or gold nanorods. Additionally, optical biosensors, including photonic crystal sensors, surface plasmon resonance systems and magnesium sulfide nanosheets are discussed in detail. Unconventional and immunoassay-based biosensors, such as nanodiamond-based magnetic sensors and nanowire FETs, are also examined to highlight the breadth of detection strategies available. With the rising prevalence of iron-related disorders and the limitations of traditional diagnostic tools, this review underscores the critical need for portable, rapid, and cost-effective ferritin biosensing technologies, offering insights relevant to both clinical practice and future research.

The interaction between diphtheria toxin (DT) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is central to DT's enzymatic activity, which involves ADP-ribosylation of eukaryotic elongation factors. This study aims to elucidate how solvent environments influence the thermodynamic and structural properties of the DT-NAD interaction. Using Raman Spectroscopy, and complementary techniques, we analyzed two different DTs, and by using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) we try to understand DT-NAD binding under varying solvent conditions, including distilled water, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Our findings reveal that solvent composition significantly alters the thermal stability and binding dynamics of DT. Notably, DSC data showed distinct shifts in melting temperatures (T_m) and enthalpy changes (ΔH) across solvents, with 100% DMSO disrupting the interaction and causing structural denaturation. This study underscores the critical role of solvent selection in modulating protein-ligand interactions and offers valuable insights into the molecular dynamics of DT. These findings have broad implications for biochemical research and therapeutic applications involving protein stability in diverse environments.