Yejie Lin

Two new species of the genus Phoroncidia Westwood, 1835 from China are described: P. diuhuoche sp. nov. (male, female) from Xizang Autonomous Region, and P. lunhui sp. nov. (male, female) from Yunnan Province. Diagnoses, descriptions, photos and a distribution map are provided.

Two new species of Brommella from China are described: B. zhengjuni Lin & Li, spec. nov. (♂♀) from Xizang Autonomous Region, and B. zujiani Lin & Li, spec. nov. (♂♀) from Guangdong Province. Diagnoses, descriptions, photos and a distribution map are provided.

Key appendage innovations have driven the origin and expansion of arthropods, such as spinnerets enabling spiders to occupy three-dimensional space and diversify into more than 53,000 species. Here, we investigate the genetic basis of spinneret emergence in spiders by examining the complex history and functional importance of arachnid genome evolution. Using chromosome-scale genomes from newly sequenced spiders and the whip scorpion, we integrate evidence from macrosynteny and phylogenetic analyses to provide further strong support for a whole-genome duplication (WGD) event that occurred during early Arachnopulmonata evolution. Following this event, the abdominal-A gene pair not only exhibits functional divergence but also jointly facilitates the emergence of spinnerets. Furthermore, we integrated single-cell transcriptomic analyses and functional validation to confirm that the dachshund-1 gene also regulates spinneret development. The network of duplicated gene pairs may form a cornerstone in the origin and evolution of key morphological traits, revealing that the long-term effects of ancient WGDs on innovation and diversification also occurred in arthropods.

A new intertidal genus of the spider family Dictynidae O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871, Maretyna gen. nov., is described from Hainan, China, with M. nongchao sp. nov. as the type species. Photos and morphological description of the new species and its habitat are presented.

Climatic upheavals throughout Earth's history have driven species to subterranean refugia, where stable microclimates buffer environmental extremes. The spider family Pimoidae, relict lineages sensitive to thermal fluctuations, exemplifies this climate-driven habitat transition. Here, we present the first chromosome-level genome of Pimoa clavata, a troglophilic spider endemic to Beijing's mountainous caves. Combining PacBio HiFi and Hi-C sequencing, we assembled a 1.94 Gb genome with 29 scaffolds in chromosomes level, which were further subjected to comprehensive annotation. The well-annotated genome of this species provides foundational insights into the genomic basis of subterranean adaptation, offering critical resources for evolutionary genomics and conservation of climate-vulnerable cave species.

Selenops ab Logunov & Jäger, 2015 was originally described, based on a male specimen collected from Vietnam, with the female remaining unknown. Based on specimens collected from Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, the female of Selenops ab Logunov & Jäger, 2015 is described for the first time. This species is newly recorded from China.

Corinnomma Karsch, 1880 comprises 14 species, distributed in Asia, Africa and America. Amongst Asian species, Castianeira hamulata Song & Zhu, 1992 was considered as a junior synonym of Co. severum (Thorell, 1877) by Deeleman-Reinhold (2001). The species Corinnomma hamulatum (Song & Zhu, 1992) stat. rest. is resurrected from its synonymy with C. severum (Thorell, 1877). Photos and morphological re-description of the type specimens are presented. The results of species delimitation using the Poisson Tree Process also support the resurrection of this species.

本研究对大疣蛛科Macrothelidae Simon, 1892的分类进行了修订，基于形态学特征和系统发育分析，重新定义其属级划分。除了已知的大疣蛛属Macrothele Ausserer, 1871和粗壮蛛属Vacrothele Tang & Yang, 2022外，本文新增4个属：版纳疣蛛属Bannathele gen. nov.、巨疣蛛属Gigathele gen. nov.、小疣蛛属Microthele gen. nov.和刺疣蛛属Spinathele gen. nov.，并恢复了东疣蛛属Orientothele Mirza, Sanap & Kunte, 2017 gen. rest.的有效性。本研究提供了分属检索表、属级鉴别特征及物种组合。

Falcileptoneta Komatsu, 1970 comprises 68 species, distributed in Japan (28), Korea (31) and southeast of China (9). This genus has not been recorded in the north-eastern part of China. A new species: Falcileptoneta taoqii sp. nov. (♂♀) are reported from Jilin Province, China. This is also the first record of Leptonetidae Simon, 1890 in north-eastern China. Photos and morphological descriptions of the new species are presented; the type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IZCAS), Beijing.