Aminul Islam

This chapter offers a future-oriented framework for intelligent therapeutic ecosystems in genome, epigenome, and mitochondrial therapies. It positions AI-enabled therapeutics as integrated socio-technical and biological systems, rather than as isolated algorithms, applications, or delivery devices. Building on integration, bounded autonomy, and equity as organizing principles, the chapter incorporates closed-loop gene regulation, quorum-sensing machine learning, nanobot-enabled sensing and delivery, newborn-screening referral pathways, and noninvasive second-tier diagnostics. It identifies architectural, safety, regulatory, and equity requirements for connecting multi-omics data, clinical workflows, biological actuators, patient-facing tools, registries, and human oversight. The chapter concludes with a maturity model and research agenda for therapeutic intelligence that is safe, auditable, inclusive, and clinically accountable.

This chapter examines how artificial intelligence and big data strengthen green marketing analytics by transforming digital consumer signals, sustainability evidence, and marketing data into digital green consumer value. It explains how machine learning, natural language processing, recommender systems, predictive modeling, and campaign analytics can support segmentation, personalization, environmental communication, demand forecasting, and circular consumer engagement. The chapter also argues that analytics alone cannot guarantee sustainable value, because weak environmental claims may become more persuasive when optimized by AI. It therefore proposes a responsible analytics perspective that integrates claim substantiation, consumer data governance, privacy protection, algorithmic fairness, explainability, and low-carbon digital infrastructure for trustworthy green marketing.

Decision-making is considered the main driving force in managerial accounting. To take effective and timely decisions, managerial accounting proposes a structural framework with corporate governance (CG) and professional ethics (PE). There are enormous challenges to making sound decisions in the aspect of traditional managerial accounting systems. To reduce the challenges, the study aims to adopt blockchain technology in reshaping the management accounting network and its impact on decision-making. The study uses a quantitative approach, and the data are collected from 400 valid respondents by designing a set of questionnaires (five-point Likert scale). As the measurement tools, partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) logarithm and bootstrap techniques are used under the SmartPLS 4.0 software. The findings of the study suggest that blockchain significantly improves elementary decision-making by offering verifiable, reliable, and real-time financial and non-financial information. It also enables strengthening integration mechanisms through increased professional ethics and trust across the network. This study contributes to the foundation development of the resource-based view (RBV) theory systems. RBV theory contributes to integrating technology and human behavioural intention into structural shifting and improving pragmatic professional ethics insights for effective decision-making.

Despite increasing attention to Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance, evidence on how board governance characteristics influence ESG outcomes in emerging markets remains limited. This study examines the impact of board governance attributes on ESG performance in publicly listed firms across the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. Using a balanced quarterly panel of 67 firms from 2017 to 2024, the analysis combines fixed- and random-effects estimations with a dynamic panel Vector Autoregressive (PVAR) framework. A composite ESG index is constructed using Principal Component Analysis and Factor Analysis. Model selection is supported by Hausman and Pesaran–Yamagata tests, while dynamic relationships are explored through local projection impulse response functions and panel causality analysis. The results show that board tenure, board independence, and board meeting frequency exert significant positive effects on ESG performance, highlighting the importance of experience, monitoring quality, and board engagement. In contrast, board size and the proportion of women in senior management are negatively associated with ESG outcomes, suggesting that formal governance mechanisms may be ineffective when substantive influence is constrained. Overall, the findings underscore the importance of context-specific governance structures for advancing ESG performance in emerging markets.

This study examines the impact of key macroeconomic variables: Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Consumer Price Index (CPI), and Consumer Confidence Index (CCI) on the volatility of the FTSE Bursa Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Composite Index (FTSE KLCI) from 2006 to 2023. As Malaysia shifts towards a more market-driven financial system, understanding how economic fundamentals influence market behavior is essential. Using a random-effects panel regression model, the study analyses 16 years of data. Results show that GDP and CPI significantly affect FTSE KLCI volatility, indicating that real economic activity and inflation are major drivers of investor responses. CCI, though significant at the 10% level (marginal effect), also influences market fluctuations during uncertain periods. These findings support the semi-strong form of the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), suggesting the market reflects available economic information. The study offers valuable insights for policymakers and investors aiming to understand and manage volatility in Malaysia’s emerging capital market.

Zakat is essential for alleviating poverty and fostering social welfare in Muslim-majority countries. In Malaysia, particularly in Perlis, the Asnaf community depends heavily on zakat assistance for financial stability. However, ineffective utilization of zakat funds due to limited financial literacy continues to pose a challenge. Financial literacy which encompasses knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors is crucial for financial decision-making. Despite its recognized importance, few studies have examined the relationship between financial literacy and optimal zakat fund management among Asnaf recipients. This paper proposes a conceptual framework linking financial literacy to zakat fund utilization, arguing that targeted financial education can empower Asnaf recipients to manage finances more efficiently, reduce dependency on aid, and achieve long-term sustainability. Integrating Shariah Governance Theory and Financial Literacy Theory, the framework emphasizes responsible financial management within Islamic principles. This study contributes to the literature by highlighting how important structured, context-specific financial literacy programs within zakat distribution systems. Future research should empirically test the proposed model to validate its role in improving economic outcomes for the Asnaf community.