Miriam Crespillo-Jurado

En este estudio se ha diseñado un instrumento para la observación del clima motivacional a través del análisis de la conducta verbal y proxémica en monitores que imparten la actividad de mantenimiento físico. Se trata de un instrumento que permite diferenciar el clima motivacional favorecido por el entrenador, así como la distribución de los participantes y la proxémica. El instrumento combina formato de campo, sistemas de categorías exhaustivos y mutuamente excluyentes (E/ME), y rating scales. El sistema está formado por 10 criterios y 44 categorías en total, y de cada una de ellas se elaboró una rating scale (a excepción de tres criterios en que no era posible). El nombre del instrumento es IAFD (Interacción en Actividad Física y Deporte). Se realizó la grabación, visualización y análisis de siete sesiones de mantenimiento físico en el Polideportivo Municipal de la ciudad de Ronda, analizando las conductas verbales y proxémicas de dos monitores. Se ha realizado un análisis de la Calidad del Dato y un análisis de Generalizabilidad, obteniéndose resultados satisfactorios en cuanto a la fiabilidad, validez y precisión del instrumento, invarianza entre los dos monitores, así como de la capacidad de generalización. In this study, an instrument has been designed for the motivational climate observation through the verbal and proxemic behaviour analysis in monitors who impart physical maintenance activity. It is an instrument that allows to differentiate the motivational climate favoured by the trainer, as well as the distribution of the participants and the proxemic. The instrument combines field format, comprehensive and mutually exclusive category systems (E/ME), and rating scales. It consists of 10 criteria and 44 categories in total, each of which (except for those criteria that were not possible) has rating scales. The name of the instrument is IAFD (Interaction in Physical Activity and Sport). The recording, visualization and analysis of seven physical maintenance sessions in the Municipal Sports Centre of the city of Ronda was carried out, analysing the verbal and proxemic behaviours of two monitors. An analysis of Data Quality and an analysis of Generalizability was carried out, obtaining satisfactory results in terms of the reliability, validity and precision of the instrument, invariance between the two monitors, as well as the capacity of generalization. Neste estudo, foi concebido um instrumento para a observação do clima motivacional através da análise do comportamentos verbais e proxémicos em monitores que realizam atividade de manutenção física. É um instrumento que permite diferenciar o clima motivacional favorecido pelo formador, assim como a distribuição dos participantes e a proxemia. O instrumento combina formato de campo, sistemas de categoria abrangentes e mutuamente exclusivos (E/ME), e escalas de classificação. O sistema consiste em 10 critérios e 44 categorias no total, cada uma das quais (com excepção dos critérios que eram sistemas de categorias) tem escalas de classificação. O nome do instrumento é IAFD (Interação em Atividade Física e Esporte). Foi feita a gravação, visualização e análise de sete sessões de manutenção física Polideportivo Municipal da cidade de Ronda, analisando os comportamentos verbais e proxêmicos de dois monitores. Foi realizada uma análise da Qualidade dos Dados e uma análise de Generalização, obtendo resultados satisfatórios em termos de confiabilidade, validade e precisão do instrumento, invariância entre os dois monitores, assim como a capacidade de generalização.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the relationships between a controlling interpersonal style, psychological need thwarting and burnout in adolescent soccer players and to test a structural equation model to analyze whether (a) a controlling interpersonal style is a predictor of psychological need thwarting and whether (b) psychological need thwarting is a predictor of burnout. A total of 103 male soccer players between the ages of 12 and 17 participated in the research (M = 14.91; SD = 5.56). The Controlling Coach Behaviors Scale, the Psychological Need Thwarting Scale, and the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire were used to evaluate the variables under study. The analyses revealed significant relationships between a controlling interpersonal style, psychological need thwarting and burnout. Furthermore, the proposed structural equations model, using the partial least squares (PLS) method, showed that a controlling style is a positive predictor of basic psychological need thwarting and that the latter is a predictor of burnout, as well as revealing an indirect relationship between a controlling style and burnout. This indirect effect of the controlling style variable on burnout can be enhanced (or attenuated) by the basic psychological need thwarting variable, which acts as a modulator.

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the relationship between body composition and cognitive functioning in an elderly people’s sample. A total of 106 older adults between the ages of 60 and 79 were involved in physical activity (M = 67.57; SD = 4.96). About 31.10% were men (n = 33) and 68.90% were women (n = 73). The instruments used to assess cognitive capacity were the Trail Making Test (forms A and B), the Stroop Test, and the Attention Test d2. The body composition of the participants was evaluated by electrical bioimpedance. Correlation analysis, linear regression (successive steps), and cluster analysis were carried out to analyze the relationships between the different measures. The results showed significant relationships between the analyzed variables. In addition, muscle mass predicted the cognitive functioning values. These results suggest that healthy lifestyles, including physical activity, are essential for well-being and quality of life in older people. In addition, it appears from the results found that it would be necessary for these lifestyles to contribute to preserving their level of physical condition, because of the possible impact it would have on their health.