Joel Carmichael

Objective: This scoping review aimed to map the volume (number of studies) and nature (topics and designs) of chiropractic education research and scholarly publications on chiropractic learners and programs worldwide. Introduction: Despite the expansion of the chiropractic profession and its recognition by entities such as the World Health Organization, a gap exists in comprehending the international landscape of chiropractic education. No prior studies have systematically mapped the volume and nature of chiropractic education research and scholarly publications. A scoping review of chiropractic education research and scholarly publications is needed to guide future policy development, research agendas, and educational initiatives within the chiropractic profession. Inclusion criteria: Publications in the indexed literature on chiropractic students, graduates, academics, and programs in any chiropractic education setting were included. Studies focused on chiropractic programs and education for chiropractic students or chiropractors worldwide were considered for inclusion. All research designs, literature reviews, descriptive studies, and commentaries were included. Methods: This scoping review was conducted according to JBI methodology for scoping reviews and was reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The databases PubMed (NLM), Scopus, CINAHL via EBSCOhost, Index to Chiropractic Literature, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, and Educational Resources Information Center were searched from their inception to November 5 and 6, 2023, with no language limits. Data were extracted for primary topics, study designs, and regions of the included documents and entered in Covidence by paired independent reviewers. The findings were organized into figures and tables with a narrative description. Results: The search identified 7494 documents. After deduplication, 5041 were screened for relevance, of which 667 were selected for full-text review. From these, 598 were selected for data extraction. The chiropractic education topics included values/ethical competence (n=3), personal/behavioral competence (n=34), knowledge and cognitive competence (n=49), functional and clinical competence (n=93), and program-relevant research (n=419). Most designs were quantitative (n=391), followed by descriptive reports (n=91), qualitative (n=43), mixed methods (n=40), commentaries (n=22), and literature reviews (n=11). Chiropractic education was most studied in the United States (n=359), Australia (n=116), and Canada (n=106). Conclusions: This scoping review reports the volume and nature of indexed publications relating to chiropractic learners and programs worldwide. This body of literature contains learner competencies in knowledge, skills, and attitudes, as well as studies about chiropractic programs. The increasing number of publications and proportion of study designs over time show that chiropractic scholars and programs are engaged in collecting, analyzing, and distributing data relevant to education and training. The map of professional competencies in the chiropractic education literature shows that the profession possesses the fundamental traits needed to contribute to the global health care workforce. Review registration: Open Science Framework https://osf.io/9b3ap Supplemental digital content: French- [http://links.lww.com/SRX/A94], Spanish- [http://links.lww.com/SRX/A93] Mandarin- [http://links.lww.com/SRX/A87], Portuguese- [http://links.lww.com/SRX/A88], Malaysian- [http://links.lww.com/SRX/A90], and Welsh-language [http://links.lww.com/SRX/A89] translations of the abstract are available.

INPLASY202360064 Chiropractic clinical registries: a scoping review protocol Keywords: Registry, Chiropractic outcomes, Clinical outcomes database, Patient-reported outcomes, Chiropractic registry.…

Review question / Objective: Population: Extracted literature will be reviewed to select primary clinical studies that report on patients with confirmed cervical radiculopathy. Confirmation of the diagnosis of cervical radiculopathy must be through advanced imaging (MRI/CT – 1973 or later) and/or through surgical intervention (including literature prior to 1973). Studies and/or guidelines that pertain to the diagnosis or other characteristics of cervical radiculopathy will also be examined for relevance to the three stated aims of this scoping review. Concept and Context: This scoping review has three aims; first, to present an overview of the literature that describes scapular symptoms arising from cervical radiculopathy. Second, to identify and analyze published diagnostic models of cervical radiculopathy that exclude or ignore scapular symptoms to understand knowledge gaps. Third, to summarize the scope of extracted literature as it relates to implications for the diagnosis of cervical radiculopathy in clinical practice. For further context, see "Background".