Pilar Moreno-Jiménez

Objetivo: el presente estudio analiza el papel mediador en paralelo del apoyo social percibido, la resiliencia y la autocompasión en la relación entre la ansiedad rasgo y la calidad de vida (CV), explorando además las diferencias en función de algunas variables sociodemográficas (e. g. género, nivel socioeconómico). Método: se empleó un diseño transversal no experimental, y una muestra no probabilística de 190 adultos completó una batería de escalas para evaluar dichas variables. Los datos se analizaron mediante un modelo de mediación múltiple en paralelo. Resultados: el análisis bivariado reveló una asociación directa y negativa entre la ansiedad rasgo y la CV (r = -.75) y la autocompasión (r = -.78), mientras que el apoyo social mostró una relación positiva pero marginal con la CV (r = .16). El análisis de mediación múltiple confirmó que tanto la autocompasión (ab = -0.14, IC 95% [-0.24, -0.04]), como la resiliencia (ab = -0.10, IC 95% [-0.17, -0.03]) tuvieron un efecto mediador significativo, atenuando el impacto de la ansiedad sobre la CV; por el contrario, el apoyo social no mostró un efecto mediador significativo. Conclusiones: los hallazgos sugieren que el fortalecimiento de recursos psicológicos internalizados como la autocompasión y la resiliencia constituye una vía efectiva para mitigar el impacto de la ansiedad rasgo sobre la CV; lo cual aporta elementos relevantes para el diseño de intervenciones clínicas y preventivas.

This manual is the result of the research project carried out by the HUM-207 group, funded by the University of Málaga’s 2023–2025 Second Research, Transfer, and Scientific Dissemination Plan, through the project Psychosocial research and intervention with informal caregivers: How to improve their quality of life. The manual is intended for psychology professionals who wish to facilitate psychoeducational self-care groups within non-profit organizations, as well as for caregivers of dependent individuals who, although aware of the need to take care of themselves, feel unable to attend in-person sessions and prefer to engage in the process from home. It is also aimed at students who want to become familiar with psychoeducational practices based on self-compassion. The manual presents a program specifically designed for people caring for dependent family members, serving as a practical guide. Throughout the different sessions, participants are invited to engage in an individual journey through self-compassion-based self-care practices. The content draws inspiration from the techniques developed by Kristin Neff and Christopher Germer, focusing on self-compassion practices and the obstacles encountered in self-care, while taking sociocultural factors into account. Approaching the topic from a social psychology perspective aims to encourage reflection on how social dynamics influence individual mechanisms such as self-criticism, social isolation, and a particularly common issue among caregivers: over-identification. This refers to a pattern of thought that is hyper-focused on meeting the needs of the cared-for person, leading, on the one hand, to neglecting one’s own needs and, on the other, to the development of caregiver overload syndrome, accompanied by deep subjective distress and feelings of guilt. In our previous theoretical research, we have demonstrated that developing self-compassion has a positive impact on improving quality of life. With this proposal, we set out to create a practical intervention roadmap specifically based on self-compassion. As caregivers and psychology professionals, we recognize that there are other approaches to fostering self-care strategies among caregivers. However, we believe that cultivating self-compassion fosters a way of relating to ourselves that goes beyond simply “doing” and focuses instead on “knowing–understanding–identifying” what we need to feel better. In doing so, we develop metacognitive skills that we consider to be a powerful driver of deep change, which are not present in other self-care approaches. This proposal is developed through the creation of a psychoeducational group, replicating the experience carried out in Málaga between May and June 2025. The manual describes the activities implemented with a group of 17 participants over six sessions, each lasting two and a half hours. It serves simultaneously as a theoretical explanation and a practical workbook, indicating pauses for exercises. In addition, it includes a complementary bibliography that allows readers to further explore the development of self-compassion and mindfulness.

Los abusos sexuales en Honduras representan una realidad social que afecta a gran parte de la población, pero permanece oculta y no suficientemente analizada. Este estudio tiene como objetivo principal ampliar conocimientos y descubrir aspectos relevantes relacionados con los abusos sexuales desde la perspectiva de la población, analizando las opiniones de hombres y mujeres pertenecientes a zonas rurales y urbanas de Honduras. En concreto, se ha empleado el método cualitativo para permitir que emerjan nuevas dimensiones, utilizando la entrevista semiestructurada. La muestra está compuesta por un total de 40 participantes que presentan un rango de edad de 15 a 28 años; se seleccionaron 20 mujeres y 20 hombres, la mitad de ellos procedentes de zonas rurales y la otra mitad de zonas urbanas. Los resultados muestran factores facilitadores del abuso sexual: sexualidad como tabú, cultura patriarcal, pobreza, bajo nivel educacional, hacinamiento en las viviendas, origen transgeneracional, influencia de la religión, escasas denuncias y agresor dentro del ámbito familiar.

The concept of justice, though inherently universal, is subject to substantial influence from social factors, affecting its perception. This study is dedicated to the adaptation and validation of an assessment tool for Global Belief in a Just World Scale (GBJWS) in the Spanish context. Our investigation delves into the relationship between Belief in a Just World and key constructs such as Social Dominance, System Justification, and Right-Wing Authoritarianism, while also addressing the dimension of potential gender disparities. Our findings demonstrate robust reliability coefficients, attesting to the scale's aptitude for assessing GBJW and exhibit highly favourable adjustment indices. Notably, our score analysis reveals elevated levels of BJW among men. This comprehensive research endeavour offers an invaluable global metric, facilitating transnational studies for understanding of justice perceptions on a global scale.

Work-related stress is a significant problem in many work environments and can have negative consequences for both employees and organisations. This review aimed to identify which elements of biophilic design in the workplace affect workers’ stress response. To enable this, a literature search was conducted using PsycINFO, Scopus, and Medline. The search was limited to articles published from 2012 to June 2023. This review only integrated quantitative data, incorporating twelve records for qualitative synthesis. The selected studies suggest that strategies such as access to outdoor environments or the creation of outdoor areas are effective in reducing stress in the workplace. If these are not feasible, the examined research advocates the use of virtual means to recreate such relaxation or break spaces. Furthermore, aspects of interest for future research were identified, such as multisensory stimulation, including the sense of smell, the exploration of views with natural elements, the creation of shelters, or the study of biomorphic forms.

This article shows the progress achieved in a child who has received professional treatment combined with a family intervention at home. It discusses a 22-month-old patient identified as showing warning signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a diagnosis that was subsequently confirmed through a standardized ADOS-2 test at 31 months of age. To establish the initial working objectives, a functional diagnosis was carried out at 23 months of age using the Battelle Developmental Inventory; a maturational delay was detected, situating the child at an age equivalent to 16 months. A professional intervention was designed in an early childhood care center, complemented by family intervention, so that the hours in which the child participated in learning experiences were increased. Notable advances were made in the areas of cognitive and motor skills, with more standard scores than when initially evaluated. Progress was also observed (though to a lesser extent) in other developmental areas such as language total, adaptive behavior, and self-help, while slight delays in the areas of socio-emotional development and reasoning and academic skills were found.

This study examines factors related to socially responsible consumption based on a sample of 636 Spanish consumers. The results indicate that socio-demographic factors such as sex, age, education level, and economic activity affect responsible consumption. In addition, it was found that in order to assess the antecedents of socially responsible consumption it is necessary to specify the type of consumer behavior (for example, purchasing specific products or initiatives against the purchase of certain products). It is found that perceived efficacy, affective commitment, and materialism explain different levels of variance in socially responsible consumption. Purchasing cause-related products is most influenced by affective commitment and perceived efficacy. Materialism affects purchasing motivated by firm behavior and the volume of consumption. The study finds that the referents to the responsibility that consumers adopt can be explained independently. In conclusion, with the aim of supporting a more sustainable society, the need for studies on anti-consumption behaviors as an instrument for sustainability is stressed.

Due to the exponential increase of autism spectrum disorders’ prevalence in Western countries, it is necessary to improve early detection and intervention to enhance developmental milestones. This systematic review identified the most effective screening instrument, which can be used at an early age and which identifies the maximum number of autism cases. We identified several instruments with adequate predictive properties—the Autism Parent Screen for Infants (APSI), Battelle Development Inventory, second edition (BDI-2); Brief Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (BITSEA); First Year Inventory (FYI); Infant-Toddler Checklist/Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile (ITC/CSBS-DP); Program of Research and Studies on AUTISM (PREAUT-Grid); Checklist for Early Signs of Developmental Disorders (CESDD); Social Attention and Communication Study (SACS); and the Screening Tool for Autism in Toddlers and Young Children (STAT)—that can be applied from 12 months of age in Western countries. The ITC/CSBS-DP has been proposed for universal screening from 12 months of age onwards, complemented by the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised/Revised with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F), which can be used from 15 months of age onwards. This strategy could improve early detection in at-risk children within the current health system, thus allowing for early intervention.

Research in environmental psychology has found a positive relationship between place bonds and behaviors related to care and maintenance of place. Although this relationship has been analyzed in natural environments, it has been less frequently studied in urban environments and has yielded contradictory results. The aim of this study is to analyze behavior related to care and conservation of neighborhood and its possible relationship to place bonds, as well as to other variables that we think may be important in explaining this behavior. The participants were 407 residents from eight different neighborhoods with different sociodemographic characteristics in one Spanish city. The results indicate that the relationship between attachment and behavior is significant only in residents with higher socioeconomic levels. These findings may help to explain the contradictory results found in the literature. Other variables which are significant in explaining neighborhood care are social norms, residential satisfaction, and support for protection policies. Place identity was not found to be significantly correlated with neighborhood care.

The aim of this study is to assess the relationships between residential satisfaction (RS), sense of community (SOC), and citizen participation in a sample of 740 Spanish adults, and the impact these variables have on their life satisfaction (LS). The results show low levels of participation (social and community) and medium to high levels of LS, SOC, and RS. LS is positively affected by such situations as being in a relationship, being employed, and home ownership. It appears that positive socio-economic conditions favor LS. A regression analysis indicates that 15.2 percent of LS can be predicted by both RS and participation.