Fahrudi Ahwan Ikhsan

Geography education depends on the quality of its instructional materials. This mixed-methods content analysis examined how three ISBN-registered environmental geography textbooks published in Indonesia represent spatial-ecological change in conservation areas and the knowledge and skills needed to study it. The books were examined quantitatively by calculating the frequencies and proportions of topics and visual elements and qualitatively through an interpretive synthesis of concepts, examples, and representations. The findings show that the textbooks cover environmental, conservation, and sustainability topics but provide limited empirical data, maps, and contextual case studies. None offers an explicit framework for applying geographic skills to analyze spatial-ecological change. Photographs dominate the visual material, whereas maps are absent. These limitations reduce opportunities for students to interpret spatial patterns, compare changes across scales and periods, and connect conservation concepts with evidence. Future environmental geography textbooks should integrate spatial data, maps, case studies, and explicit geographic-skill frameworks oriented toward conservation and sustainable ecosystem restoration.

Objectives: Leliwet ceremony, a local tradition of the Tengger Tribe reflects activities centred on environmental management within the upland zones of Mount Bromo, Probolinggo Regency. This study explores the values of the tribe's local wisdom in preserving the environment through the ceremony. Methods: Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, the study involved the tribal chief, legen (assistants to the tribal chief), hulun kyang youth, and community members partaking in the ceremony. Primary data were concerned with all activities related to the ceremony, particularly those involving environmentally conscious practices, gleaned through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis attended to a data reduction model. Results: The ceremony denotes a spiritual praxis for purifying the soil and water within the upland landscape of Mount Bromo. Offerings (sajen) in the ceremony include flowers, vegetables, agricultural produce, and livestock, sourced from the community’s daily harvests. Their belief system underscores environmentally conscious practices and echoes the harmonization of nature, humans, and the environment. The symbolic activities taught within the community reinforce the cultural significance of sustainability within a spatial context. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the ceremony, as part of a cultural tradition, foregrounds a framework for spatial management, emphasizing human-environment relationships embedded with values of sustainable ecological education.

Controlling land degradation in conservation areas requires improvement, especially given the spatial impacts of human-environment interactions within the Meru Betiri National Park Biosphere Reserve, Indonesia. Drawing upon geosystem theory, this study investigated land change issues stemming from human-environment interactions within Meru Betiri National Park's conservation area. This study adopted a mixed-methods design that incorporated field observations, surveys, and in-depth interviews. Quantitative data were obtained from observations of the degradation landscape and a survey of forest farmers, while qualitative data were collected through interviews with key observer participants. Data analysis was triangulated through a Forum Group Discussion (FGD) involving forest farmers and policymakers. The findings indicate that forest farmer conservation practices influence knowledge transformation, environmental education, and funding mechanisms. These elements are integral to a sustainable "translation approach" to restore the conservation area's ecological landscape. The impact of ecosystem restoration leads to significant spatial and contextual changes within the biosphere reserve's geosystem landscape. This study highlights the implications of the interplay among farmer thinking patterns, funding, and policies for enhancing welfare through a sustainable critical land conservation model. Applying this "translation approach" offers valuable spatial and temporal conservation insights in protected areas.

Objectives: Sustainable ecotourism development holds crucial impacts on global economic development, even the case in Indonesia which is renowned for its natural areas as tourism destinations. Methods: This study aims to assess the potential of developing sustainable ecotourism in Meru Betiri National Park as a biosphere reserve, specifically delving into its potential environmental and cultural resources for ecotourism. The research integrates SWOT and DPSIR analysis to investigate the sustainable ecotourism model. Results: The results analysis shows the internal factors (income, stakeholder policies, knowledge of biodiversity) and external factors (tourist carrying capacity, tourism policy, and human-environment spatial interaction) driving the development of ecotourism in the national park. DPSIR analysis has identified a sustainable ecotourism model. Participating stakeholders acknowledge the need for integrating SWOT and DPSIR to develop sustainable ecotourism. Conclusions: Research findings show that stakeholders, policies, and regulations, human-environment interaction, conservation innovation, and promotion intensity are key elements to developing ecotourism.

Geography teacher candidates need to build a pro-environmental attitude to solve critical land issues through the construction of appropriate research-based solutions. This study aimed to determine the effect of research-based learning conservation on the pro-environmental attitudes of geography teacher candidates toward the preservation of Meru Betiri National Park. The study applied an experimental research design with one group pre-test and post-test. Students of the Department of Geography Education in the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, at the University of Jember were selected as research subjects using purposive sampling. A total of 41 students currently enrolled in environmental geography courses took part in this study. The data on pro-environmental attitudes were collected using a 21-item Likert survey with scales: 1 (strongly disagree), 2 (disagree), 3 (agree), and 4 (strongly agree). The data were tested for normality and homogeneity using a t-test. The results implementation of conservation-based learning had a significant effect on the students’ pro-environmental attitudes on critical land in Meru Betiri National Park (p 0.000). Research-based learning has an impact on student’s scientific abilities and actions. Future research on conservation-based learning for sustainable conservation programs is recommended to involve forest farmers combine ecological and economic aspects of degraded lands.

Abstrak Paradigma filsafat geografi mengalami dinamika perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan secara teori, metodelogi, dan aplikasi. Perkembangan keilmuan geografi dipengaruhi isu global, metode penelitian, statistik, komputer, internet, big data, lingkungan, manusia, dan kebijakan. Tantangan kontemporer kajian filsafat geografi harus mampu menunjukkan perkembangan ilmu geografi secara dimensi sejarah dan waktu yang terjadi sampai dengan saat ini. Artikel ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran perkembangan filsafat ilmu geografi dengan kajian ontologi, epistemologi, aksiologi, dan keterampilan sainstifik secara kontenporer. Kajian ontologi mendefinisikan geografi aspek ruang konkrit dan abstrak berdasarkan makna material fenomena geosfer. Aspek epistemologi menekankan proses metode penelitian berbasis lapangan dan online sesuai perkembangan teknologi menggunakan pendekatan deduktif atau induktif fokus pada teori maupun pengetahuan. Aspek aksiologi memberikan kebermanfaatan ilmu geografi secara online dan kehidupan manusia. Kajian filsafat geografi kontemporer menekankan penguatan konten ruang lingkup geografi berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan diaplikasikan melalui pendidikan sehingga terjadi proses hilirisasi paradigma pengetahuan. Hubungan filsafat geografi kontemporer sesuai hasil pemikiran filosofis merujuk teori dan temuan penelitian yang meningkatkan muatan esensi ilmu geografi. Penafsiran filosofis menunjukkan hakikat bidang pemikiran tentang ruang alam dan manusia. Studi perkembangan filsafat geografi kontemporer untuk menemukan pembenaran rasional secara konteks generalisasi dan sistematika faktual dengan mencermati kesenjangan pengetahuan geografi melalui proses metodelogi ilmiah. Aspek konseptual dan terminologi filsafat geografi kontemporer ditentukan tren pendekatan metodelogi ilmiah yang digunakan untuk studi geografi. Ciri khusus analisis paradigma filsafat geografi kontemporer pada saat ini hasil kombinasi harmonis landasan ilmiah dan filosofis yang konkret secara obyektif menunjukkan hubungan sains dan filsafat. Proses eksplorasi filosofis dan geografis menjadi contoh konkret berbagai riset geografi modern secara inter disiplin atau multidiplin ilmu. Pendekatan terpadu kajian analisis ruang geografi menjadi entitas dialektika metodelogi dari model tradisional menuju pendekatan integrasi menjadi identitas geografi kontemporer.Abstract The paradigm of philosophy geography experiences the dynamics scientific development in theory, methodology and application. The scientific development geography is influenced by global issues, research methods, statistics, computers, internet, big data, environment, people, and policies. The contemporary challenge of studying philosophy geography is to be able to show development of geography in terms history and time that has occurred up to now. This article aims to provide an overview development of the philosophy geography with a contemporary study ontology, epistemology, axiology, and scientific skills. The study of ontology defines geography concrete and abstract aspects space based on the material meaning geosphere phenomena. The epistemological aspect emphasizes process field-based and online research methods according to technological developments using a deductive or inductive approach focusing on theory and knowledge. The axiological aspect provides the benefit of online geography and human life. Contemporary geographical philosophy studies emphasize the strengthening of geographic scope content based on research results and applied through education so that a knowledge paradigm downstreaming process occurs. The relationship between contemporary geographical philosophy and results of philosophical thought refer to theories and research findings that increase the essence of geographic science. Philosophical interpretation shows the nature of the field thinking about natural and human space. Study of the development contemporary geographical philosophy to find rational justification the context of factual generalizations and systematics by examining gaps in geographical knowledge through process scientific methodology. Conceptual aspects and terminology contemporary geographical philosophy determine trends in scientific methodological approaches used for study of geography. The special characteristic analysis of contemporary geographical philosophical paradigms time is the result of a harmonious combination concrete scientific and philosophical foundations that objectively shows relationship between science and philosophy. The process of philosophical and geographical exploration is a concrete example various modern geographical research in an interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary manner. An integrated approach study geographic become metodhological analysis dialectical from traditional models to contemporary geographic identity.

Flood is one of the most frequent hydrometeorological disasters which leads in economic losses. The first step in flood disaster mitigation efforts is mapping vulnerable areas. Kencong District frequently affected by the annual flooding event. This study aims to assess flood hazard mapping by integrating the AHP method and Geographic Information System. This study used a descriptive quantitative approach through the correlation matrix of the AHP model for each physical environmental factor. These factors include slope, altitude, distance from the river, soil type, Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), and Curvature. Furthermore, with the Geographic Information System (GIS), the weighted overlay stage was carried out to obtain the results of flood-prone areas. Based on the AHP analysis, the most significant factors in determining flood-prone areas were the distance from rivers, slopes, and TWI. The results of flood-prone areas mapping were divided into five classes: from deficient 0.02%, low 4.26%, medium 37.11%, high 51.89%, and very high 6.72%. Validation of GIS mapping results with data in the field has an AUC value of 84%, which indicates that the prediction of the AHP-GIS model is perfect in flood-prone areas mapping in the Kencong District. The integration of AHP method and Geographic Information System in flood hazard assessment were able to produce a model to evaluate the spatial distribution of flood-prone areas. Keywords : Flood Hazard Mapping; Multi-criteria decision analysis; AHP Model; GIS; Jember Copyright (c) 2021 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License

This research discussed the effect of scouring on the stability of the slope on the Bujangga street STA 00+000 sd STA 00+075. A landslide had occurred in the development of a road located on the Bujangga riverside. The road is the result of widening which was previously only 2 lanes with a width of 8 m to 4 lanes with a width of 20 m. Landslides occured at STA 00+000 up to STA 00+075. At the STA the road experiences a landslide in the direction of the river to the elevation of the road surface down as deep as ± 2m. This research type is survey. Data was collected with documentation of post-landslide soil investigations, investigation of landslide conditions in the field, and sheet-pile slip simulation using the finite element method with helping the PLAXIS V.7.2 program. Data analysis with descriptive and back analysis to input soil parameters produces deformation and landslide mechanism that is relevant to actual conditions in the field. As a result of scouring of the river there is a reduction in passive pressure on the outside of the sheetpile which results in a decrease in the value of the safety factor of the road including other buildings such as settlements. This is indicated by the results of modeling and simulation above which gives the value of FS=1.2602 without scouring and FS=1.045 after scouring. The scouring of the river can be concluded that on a long-term scale the location is a landslide prone location.Keywords: Landslide Analysis, Finite Element, Road Development, Riverside Penelitian ini membahas pengaruh scouring terhadap stabilitas lereng pada kelongsoran Jalan Bujangga STA 00+000 sd STA 00+075. Pernah terjadi kelongsoran pada pengembangan jalan yang berlokasi di pinggiran sungai Bujangga. Jalan tersebut merupakan hasil pelebaran yang sebelumnya hanya 2 lajur dengan lebar 8 m menjadi 4 lajur dengan lebar 20 m. Kelongsoran terjadi pada STA 00+000 sampai dengan STA 00+075. Pada STA tersebut jalan mengalami kelongsoran ke arah sungai hingga elevasi permukaan jalan turun sedalam ± 2m. Penelitian ini berjenis survey. Data dikumpulkan dengan dokumentasi penyelidikan tanah pasca longsoran, investigasi kondisi longsoran di lapangan, dan simulasi kelongsoran sheetpile menggunakan metode elemen hingga dengan bantuan program PLAXIS V.7.2. Analisis data dengan deskriptif dan back analysis hingga parameter tanah input menghasilkan deformasi dan mekanisme kelongsoran yang relevan dengan kondisi actual di lapangan. Akibat dari scouring atau gerusan sungai terjadi pengurangan tekanan pasif pada sisi luar sheetpile yang berakibat penurunan nilai faktor keamanan dari jalan termasuk bangunan lain seperti pemukiman. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan oleh hasil pemodelan dan simulasi di atas yang memberikan nilai FS=1.2602 tanpa scouring dan FS=1.045 setelah adanya scouring. Adanya gerusan pada bibir sungai dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam skala jangka panjang lokasi tersebut merupakan lokasi rawan bencana longsoran.Kata Kunci: Analisis Longsoran, Elemen Hingga, Pengembangan Jalan, Pinggiran Sungai

The Effectivity of Environmental Education in Scaffolding Students’ Ecological Literacy

This study is a preexperimental study that aims to determine the improvement of geography learning outcomes of class XI Senior high School PGRI LUMAJANG in the 2016/2017 school year taught by using the AptitudeTreatment Interaction learning model. The variable studied in this study is the Aptitude-Treatment Interaction learning model as an independent variable and an increase in learning outcomes as a response variable, while the research design is "pre-test and post-test group".The subjects of this study population were all students of class XI Senior high School PGRI LUMAJANG in the 2016/2017 school year consisting of 156 people. While the sample is 28 people taken using a random class assuming that the class taken is homogeneous. The results of descriptive analysis show that the average increase in geography learning outcomes in class XI of Senior high School PGRI LUMAJANG taught by the ATI learning model in general is 19.63%. In the average high category, the increase was 18.41%, in the average medium group the increase was 16.28% and in the low group the average increase was 25.63%.he results of inferential analysis indicate that there is an increase in Geography learning outcomes in class XI students Senior high School PGRI LUMAJANG in the 2016/2017 academic year taught through learning using the Aptitude-Treatment Interaction (ATI) learning model