Murat Karabağlı

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral simethicone administration on the ultrasonographic visualization of the pancreas in cats by reducing gastrointestinal gas-related artifacts. Ten mixed-breed cats without gastrointestinal complaints were included in the study. The left pancreatic lobe was ultrasonographically examined twice. Initial measurements were performed before oral simethicone administration (T0). Subsequently, all cats received oral simethicone at a dose of 4 mg/kg, and measurements were repeated 30 minutes later (T1). Ultrasonographic examinations were performed using an Esaote MyLab™8 Vet ultrasound system. Left pancreatic lobe thickness and pancreatic duct diameter, when visible, were recorded. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, which demonstrated a non-normal distribution. Therefore, measurements were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. No statistically significant difference was observed between pre- and post-simethicone measurements of the left pancreatic lobe (p>0.05). In cases where the pancreas could not be adequately visualized before simethicone administration, no marked improvement in image quality was observed after administration. However, when the pancreas was visualized, measurements remained consistent after treatment. The findings suggest that oral simethicone administration alone does not substantially improve ultrasonographic visualization of the pancreas in cats. Pancreatic visualization appears to be influenced not only by gastrointestinal gas but also by multiple factors, including patient characteristics and imaging conditions.

An 8‐month‐old, entire, female Scottish Fold cat was presented with decreased appetite, constipation and abdominal distension. Radiography and computed tomography revealed a well‐defined pelvic mass containing mineralised and fat‐density components. The mass was surgically excised and was anatomically separate from both ovaries. Histopathological examination identified mature epithelial and mesenchymal elements, including keratinising stratified squamous epithelium, glandular structures, hyaline cartilage and bone, supporting a diagnosis of extragonadal mature cystic teratoma. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and no clinical signs suggestive of recurrence were reported during follow‐up. This case highlights the importance of considering extragonadal teratoma as a differential diagnosis for pelvic masses in young cats. It demonstrates the value of combined cross‐sectional imaging, surgical exploration and histopathology for diagnosis.

Multiseptated gallbladder (MSG), also know as “honeycomb gallbladder,” is a rare biliary anomaly well documented in human medicine but infrequently reported in dogs. This report describes the imaging features of MSG in a three-month-old, intact female German Shepherd Dog. The patient was clinically asymptomatic, and hematological and biochemical findings were within normal limits. Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated multiple curvilinear echogenic septa within the gallbladder lumen, producing a characteristic honeycomb-like pattern. Further evaluation with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) confirmed numerous septal structures extending from the gallbladder wall into the lumen. In addition, small hyperattenuating foci consistent with choleliths were detected. Considering the patient’s young age and the absence of clinical and laboratory abnormalities, the findings were interpreted as most consistent with a congenital anatomical variation. This case emphasizes the importance of recognizing rare congenital gallbladder anomalies in young dogs and highlights the complementary value of advanced imaging techniques, particularly USG and CT, in the detailed assessment of atypical hepatobiliary conditions.

This study used 3D landmark-based geometric morphometrics under an object-symmetry framework to quantify pelvic asymmetry in domestic cats and dogs while explicitly accounting for measurement error through replicate digitizations. Procrustes ANOVA revealed significant components of both directional asymmetry (DA) and fluctuating asymmetry (FA) in the overall dataset, and DA was further visualized as a structured, non-random pattern across the landmark configuration. Measurement error remained smaller than the FA component, yielding high repeatability, indicating that the detected asymmetry patterns were not driven by landmarking imprecision. Group-wise summaries are presented as descriptive patterns of the sample (rather than direct between-group inference). In these descriptive summaries, cats tended to show a more coherent DA pattern, whereas dogs showed greater individual variation consistent with a relatively stronger FA component; males also tended to exhibit greater FA-related dispersion than females. In regression models of FA, age showed no association, body mass exhibited only a weak trend, and sex emerged as a significant predictor, while species showed no detectable effect when covariates were included. Collectively, these results support the hypothesis that pelvic shape contains both systematic (DA) and individual-specific (FA) asymmetry components, with sex-related differences in FA magnitude, but limited evidence for age- or weight-related effects within the sampled range. The study provides a repeatable framework and baseline reference for pelvic asymmetry in cats and dogs.

In this research, the interpretations of dental disease in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) suffering from miscellaneous disorders with the use of radiographic anatomical reference lines; additionally, clinical examinations of these cases were presented. The measurements were made on the images of rabbit cranium skull radiographs (n=25). In the examination of incisors, malocclusion (n=19), abnormal prolongation (n=11), penetration of the palatal bone cortex (n=10), and fractures (n=6) were detected. Retrograde elongation in maxillar cheek teeth (n=20), alveolar penetration in mandibular cortex (n=20), root resorption (n=9), and cheek teeth malocclusions (n=20) were detected in the examination of cheek teeth. The most common complaints assigned to the presented patients were diarrhea, mandibular swelling, abnormal elongation of teeth, epiphora, tooth breakage, and loss of appetite. All rabbits suffering from dental disease were also assessed for eye disorders, and tooth-related eye problems were determined in 9 cases. In two cases was more than one problem. Distribution of disease was determined as follows; epiphora (n=6), dacryocystitis (n=2), conjunctivitis (n=2) and exophthalmos (n=1). In addition to a detailed physical examination, radiographic evaluation is important for diagnosis of dental diseases in rabbits. The long mouth cavity with limited opening and similar characteristics of rabbit mouth make it difficult to examine and intervene; in this case, radiographic reference lines offer an important advantage.

Open wounds are common cases diagnosed in small animals without distinction regarding species, breed, gender and age. They could be aseptic, contaminated or infected. The condition can caused by traumas such as high-rise syndrome, car accidents etc. Depends on condition of wound and patient, it could be treated as primarily or secondarily with respectively surgical and medical treatment. In veterinary medicine despite many of reconstructive surgical techniques are useful and viable for open wounds their understanding among veterinary surgeons is limited.Reconstructive surgical techniques require relatively advanced knowledge and hand skills to apply. Also the soft tissue reconstruction is useful for open wounds and allow more quick tissue healing in comparison with medical treatment. In this case report we tried to share the applicability of the flank fold flap, which is a relatively less preferred treatment method, for more widespread use in inguinal area injuries in cats.

A six-month-old, female Scottish fold cat was presented to our Surgery Department of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Istanbul-Cerrahpasa due to complaints of blepharospasm, keratitis and epiphora in right eyes present since birth. In the ocular examination, lacking a part of the palpebra in the right eye and secondary trichiasis were observed. Palpebral defects and secondary trichiasis were repaired using an epilation, cauterization and modified Holtz-Celsus surgical technique. This technique provided a good cosmetic appearance and functional outcome to the patient.

A variety of skull shapes are frequently used for discrimination between animal species, breeds, and sexes. In this study, skulls of three different breeds of cats were examined by the geometric morphometric method, with the aim of revealing skull shape differences. For this purpose, 27 cats (6 British Shorthair, 7 Scottish Fold, and 14 Van cats) were used. The skulls of cats were modeled by computed tomography. Geometric morphometrics was applied using dorsal (8 landmarks, 63 semilandmarks) and lateral (8 landmarks, 63 semilandmarks) skull projections on these models. Centroid size differences between the breeds were statistically insignificant. However, the differences in shape were statistically significant for both the dorsal view and lateral view. Shape variation was less in the British Shorthair than in other breeds. Shape differences generally occurred around the orbit. In the skull of Scottish Folds, the orbit was situated more caudally than in other breeds. The British Shorthair had the largest orbital ring. In dorsal view, the Scottish Fold had the largest orbital diameter. The orbital ring of Van cats was smallest in both dorsal and lateral views. In the canonical variate analysis, it was seen that the breeds were separated from each other. The shape difference in the skull between different cat breeds could be revealed by geometric morphometrics. The results of this study provide useful information for taxonomy.

Primary tracheal malignant neoplasms are rare in dogs and cats. Mostly seen in middle-aged to older cats. Clinical findings associated with airway obstruction are observed. Shortness of breath, wheezing, cough, and cyanosis are among the clinical findings. Radiography, endoscopy, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used for diagnosis. The material of this report is a 12-year-old, 6.3 kg, castrated male cat brought to Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Surgery due to with symptoms of cough and difficulty breathing. In the anamnesis, it was learned that the patient's tracheal mass was removed by operation 8 months ago in another clinic. As a result of the examinations and tests performed, it was observed that the tracheal mass recurred. The mass was removed by tracheal ring resection. Histopathological result has been reported as adenocarcinoma.

Background and Objectives: Guided bone regeneration (GBR) surgeries are used for dental implant placements with insufficient bone volume. Biomaterials used in GBR are expected to produce sufficient volume and quality of bone swiftly. This study aims to histologically evaluate the effectiveness of the use of Hyalonect membranes alone or with autogenous grafts in intraosseous defects. Materials and Methods: This study is an experimental study on sheep. Surgeries were performed under general anesthesia in accordance with ethical rules. Five 10 mm defects were surgically created in each ilium of six sheep. One defect was left empty in each ilium (group ED). The defects in the experimental group were covered with Hyalonect membrane while unfilled (group HY) or after being filled with autogenous bone grafts (ABG) (group G+HY). In the control group, the defects were either covered with collagen membrane while unfilled (group CM) or after being filled with the ABG group (G+CM). The sheep were histologically and histomorphometrically evaluated after being postoperatively sacrificed in the third and sixth week (three animals in each interval). Results: All animals completed the study without any complications. No difference was found between groups in the third and sixth weeks regarding the inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis scores. The G+CM (52.83 ± 3.06) group was observed to have a significantly higher new bone formation rate than all the other groups in the third week, followed by the G+HY group (46.33 ± 2.25). Similar values were found for HY and CM groups (35.67 ± 4.55 ve 40.00 ± 3.41, respectively, p = 0.185), while the lowest values were observed to be in group ED (19.67 ± 2.73). The highest new bone formation was observed in group G+CM (82.33 ± 4.08) in the sixth week. There was no difference in new bone formation rates between groups G+CM, G+HY (77.17 ± 3.49, p = 0.206), and CM (76.50 ± 2.43, p = 0.118). The insignificant difference was found ED group and group HY (55.83 ± 4.92, 73.50 ± 3.27, respectively, p = 0.09). The residual graft amount in the G+CM group was found to be statistically significant at 3 weeks (p = 0.0001), compared to the G+HY group, and insignificantly higher at the 6th week (p = 0.4). Conclusions: In this study, close values were observed between G+HY and G+CM groups. Further experimental and clinical studies with different graft materials are required to evaluate the effectiveness of HY in GBR.