Flávio Maciel Dias de Andrade

In the energy transition process, aiming for zero disposal and clean production in the elimination of waste is crucial; consequently, agricultural residues have significant potential for reduction in the use of fossil fuels. This study investigates the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of sugarcane bagasse (BSC) and straw (SSC), examining the products’ distribution and bio-oil composition relative to the reaction conditions. The experiments used a 2³ factorial design, evaluating the temperature (300–350 °C), constant heating time (0–30 min), and the use of the K₂CO₃ concentration as the catalyst (0–0.5 mol/L⁻¹). The main factor affecting the biocrude yield from BSC and SSC was the use of K₂CO₃. Statistically significant interaction effects were also observed. Milder conditions resulted in the highest bio-oil yields, 36% for BSC and 31% for SSC. The catalyst had no impact on the biocrude production. The bio-oils were analyzed by GC/MS and FTIR; a principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to evaluate the samples’ variability. The FTIR highlighted bands associated with common oxygenated compounds in lignocellulosic biomass-derived bio-oils. The GC-MS results indicated a predominance of oxygenated compounds, and these were highest in the presence of the catalyst for both the BSC (90.6%) and SSC (91.7%) bio-oils. The SSC bio-oils presented higher oxygenated compound contents than the BSC bio-oils. Statistical analysis provided valuable insights for optimizing biomass conversion processes, such as determining the optimal conditions for maximizing product yields.

O presente documento apresenta recomendações para atuação do fisioterapeuta na reanimação cardiopulmonar em pacientes adultos com suspeita ou diagnóstico de COVID-19, apontando considerações principalmente aos cuidados específicos que devem ser adotados nesta situação clínica, os quais diferem das recomendações habituais. Tem como foco a preocupação com a proteção dos profissionais de saúde atuantes na reanimação cardiopulmonar e a melhor assistência aos pacientes, minimizando riscos, padronizando ações e recomendando condutas. Dentre as principais recomendações, há indicação de não desconexão da assistência ventilatória mecânica, e de uso de parâmetros ventilatórios específicos, além da abordagem da posição prona. Sabemos ainda que, dentro da atual situação mundial frente à pandemia COVID-19, é possível que estudos futuros possam contribuir para consolidar e acrescentar as recomendações apresentadas neste documento.