Yavuz Erden

Objective: The use of technological devices emitting radio frequency fields(RFF) is increasing day by day. Nowadays, low-frequency RFF has begun to be used in cancer treatment as a non-invasive method. However, the time-dependent effects of high-frequency RFF on healthy and cancer cells are not yet clear. This study aims to examine the time-dependent effects of 3200MHz RFF on human breast cancer (MCF-7) and healthy mouse fibroblast (L929) cell lines.Methods: MCF-7 and L929 cells were cultured with DMEM medium. RFF exposures were applied at 29.55dBm power levels (with Efield level 14V/m). MCF-7 and L929 cell lines were exposed to 3200 MHz RFF for 4 hours. Cell viability levels were determined immediately after exposure and following a 2-hour post-exposure incubation period.Results: Immediately after 4 hours of 3200 MHz RFF exposure, cell viability decreased significantly by 12% in MCF-7 cells, with a further 15% decrease observed after a 2-hour post-exposure period. In contrast, the L929 cell line exhibited a significant increase in viability, with levels rising by 27% immediately after exposure and by 16% following the 2-hour post-exposure period(p<0.0001).Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that 3200MHz RFF exposure has a significant effect on the viability levels of cancer cells and that 3200MHz RFF can create the effect that low-frequency fields currently used as a non-invasive method have with a significant temperature increase, without a temperature increase. It is also effective in increasing healthy fibroblast cells, suggesting that it can be used as an alternative method to wound healing and cell renewal treatments.

This study evaluated both the acute and sublethal effects of pyriproxyfen in Cyprinus carpio using an integrated multibiomarker approach. The 96‐h LC ₅₀ value was calculated as 4.525 mg/L. Following 14 days of sublethal exposure, pyriproxyfen caused clear, dose‐dependent changes across hematological, biochemical, genotoxic, and molecular parameters. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels declined progressively with increasing concentration, pointing to the development of anemia‐like conditions. Biochemical analyses revealed a biphasic response pattern: Several parameters initially increased at lower concentrations but declined at higher doses, suggesting a shift from adaptive metabolic responses to hepatic impairment. DNA damage, assessed by the comet assay, increased significantly in all exposed groups, indicating genotoxic effects even at relatively low concentrations. At the molecular level, antioxidant and proinflammatory genes were upregulated at low to moderate doses, reflecting an early defense response. However, their expression was suppressed at higher concentrations, implying exhaustion of protective mechanisms. In contrast, HSP70 expression increased steadily with dose, highlighting the intensification of cellular stress and protein damage. Overall, the findings demonstrate that pyriproxyfen exposure triggers an initial adaptive response that progressively transitions into physiological dysfunction at higher concentrations, underscoring its potential ecological risk to aquatic organisms.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of death and permanent disability worldwide. Diabetes is a major risk factor for IS and independently increases mortality. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of Myrtenal (Myrt) in a rat model of IS under both diabetic and non-diabetic conditions. Sprague Dawley rats received Myrt (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for 28 days before undergoing 60-minute middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Neurological outcomes were assessed using behavioral tests, infarct volume was measured by TTC staining, and biochemical analyses evaluated oxidative stress (MDA, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px) and inflammatory markers (NLRP3, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β). Western blotting was performed to examine BDNF/TrkB, p-PI3K/p-Akt signaling, and apoptosis-related proteins (Caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax). IS impaired neurological function and increased infarct size, apoptosis, inflammation, and lipid peroxidation, while reducing antioxidant enzymes and BDNF/TrkB and p-PI3K/p-Akt levels (p < 0.05). These pathological changes were more severe in diabetic rats. Pretreatment with Myrt significantly ameliorated these effects in both diabetic and non-diabetic groups (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that Myrt exerts neuroprotective effects against IS by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, possibly through modulation of BDNF/TrkB and p-PI3K/p-Akt pathways. These findings indicate that Myrt may possess neuroprotective potential in IS under both hyperglycemic and normoglycemic conditions.

Schiff bases containing sulfonyl units are important compounds because of their potential biological properties in the therapeutical field. In this study, three novel ligands (L1, L2, and L3) containing the sulfonyl groups, a derivative of Schiff base, were synthesized, and their molecular structures were characterized by FT‐IR, ¹ H‐NMR, ¹³ C NMR, and elemental analysis results. The antiproliferative activities of these Schiff base ligands were evaluated against human colon cancer (HT‐29 and Caco‐2) and mouse fibroblast (L929) cells by the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)−2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. In addition, the antioxidant activities of these ligands were determined. Their potential activities against Peroxiredoxin 2 enzyme were assessed with molecular docking studies. When the spectral evaluation of the novel Schiff Base compounds (L1‐3), the characteristic peaks and bands of target compounds were observed from ¹ H NMR, ¹³ C NMR, and FT‐IR results. The elemental analysis results supported the structures of the characterized compounds. All compounds' DPPH radical scavenging effect was similar to rutin at the highest applied concentration. According to molecular docking results, it was determined that hydrogen bond and steric interactions played a role in the interaction of the compounds and Peroxiredoxin 2 protein. It was observed that there was a parallelism between molecular docking results and antioxidant activity results. As a result of in silico and in vitro studies, it was found that L2 compound was the most effective compound with −60.083 MolDock Score and −61.079 total energy data. It was observed that hydrogen bonding and steric interactions played a role in the interaction of the compounds with the protein. Each compound showed cytotoxic effects against human colon cancer cells with increasing doses but not against healthy cells. These results support the hope that these compounds can be used for therapeutic purposes.

Entobotanik çalışmalar dereotunun (Anethum graveolens) antibakteriyal ve antioksidan etki sergilediğini ve bazı kanser türleri üzerine baskılayıcı özellik gösterdiği bildirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada dereotunun, insan yumurtalık kanseri hücre serisine karşı sitotoksik ve genotoksik etkilerini belirlemeyi amaçladık. Dereotu özütünün farklı konsantrasyonları insan yumurtalık kanseri hücre hattı (A2780) üzerine uygulandıktan sonra, özütün hücre canlılığı üzerine etkileri 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazolyum bromür (MTT) testi ile belirlendi. Sonrasında, sitotoksik etki gösteren dozların hüre DNA’sı üzerine genotoksik etkileri tek hücre jel elektroforezi (Comet) yöntemi ile ortaya konuldu. Dereotunun 600 µg/mL ve üzeri dozları hücre canlılığını kontrol grubuna kıyasla önemli düzeyde azalttı (p

Native to the Mediterranean and southwest Asia, Celtis australis is used in folk medicine to treatment of many diseases such as peptic ulcer, diarrhea, dysentery, pain, and colic. However, there are very few studies on the effects of this species on cancer. We report for the first time the cytotoxic and genotoxic properties of C. australis on the human ovarian cancer cell line A2780. In the study, C. australis extract prepared in ethanol/phosphate buffer was applied to A2780 cells. The change in viability level in A2780 cells after treatment was determined by MTT assay and DNA damage was determined by single-cell gel electrophoresis (Comet) analysis. Our results showed that plant extract application at doses above 200 µg/ml significantly decreased A2780 cell viability (p

A synthesized azo compound based on 4-amino antipyrine and its complexes with Ni(II) in solution and solid phase is reported. The structures of these compounds have been testified by IR and NMR spectroscopy. The combined experimental and theoretical approach was used. To study the structure and properties of the synthesized compound, as well as its possible complex formation with the Ni(II), ab initio quantum-chemical calculations were carried out using the Hartree-Fock (HF) method with the 6-31 G basis set and the electron density functional theory (DFT) method with hybrid three-parameter potential B3LYP and extended basis set 6-311++G(d,p) taking into account polarization and diffuse functions for all atoms. The geometric, energy, and electronic parameters were calculated and analyzed. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap has been calculated to determine chemical activity. Both complexes had effective inhibition against butyrylcholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase. IC50 values were found as 19.43 and 27.08 µM for AChE, 2.37 and 7.40 µM for BChE, respectively. For the anticancer outcome, high doses of compound E1 inhibited viability by about 40-45%, while this rate was around 65-70% for compound E2 at the same doses. Anticholinesterase and anticancer potential of compounds E1 and E2 also evaluated by in silico techniques. Both compounds show strong binding to VEGFR1, with E2 exhibiting superior inhibitory activity in hAChE and hBChE through shorter and stronger interactions. MD simulations suggest that E2 forms more stable complexes with hAChE and hBChE compared to E1, making it a promising candidate for further exploration in anticancer and anticholinesterase therapies.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Objective: Ovarian carcinoma is one of the most lethal gynecological cancers, as it responds later to diagnostic methods and therapeutic responses in advanced stages. Many phytochemical compounds have been shown to be protective against cancer. Tubuloside A (TbA) is the main compound extracted from the plant Cistanche tubulosa, and its pharmacological effects have been studied broadly. Until now, the role of TbA in human ovarian carcinoma is unknown. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of TbA on DNA damage and apoptosis in A2780 cell lines. Methods: Different concentrations of TbA (1, 5, 25, 50, and 100 µM) and 5- Fluorouracil (1, 5, 25, 50, and 100 µM) treated to the human ovarian cancer cell (A2780) line for 24 h. After incubation, cell viability (MTT), genotoxicity (Comet analyses), and mRNA expression analyses of apoptotic markers (Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, and p53) were determined. Results: Applied doses of 50 and 100 µM of TbA and 5- Fluorouracil significantly reduced cell viability. Also, TbA increased DNA damage in A2780 cells. Additionally, TbA up-regulated the mRNA expressions of caspase-3, Bax, and p53, which are apoptosis-inducing factors, and down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2. Conclusion: These results show that the p53 and caspase-3 signaling pathways may exhibit a key role in TbA-associated effects on A2780 cells and TbA may be a potential drug aspirant for ovarian cancer therapy.

Bilimsel araştırma projelerinin hazırlık süreçleri, problem tespiti ve kapsamlı bir literatür taramasıyla başlayarak araştırma sorusu ve hipotezin güçlü bir şekilde yapılandırılmasını gerektirir. Başarılı bir proje önerisi için konunun sınırlarının net çizilmesi, özgün değerin vurgulanması ve yöntemin sistematik bir iş akışıyla detaylandırılması hayati önem taşır. Proje yönetimi kapsamında iş-zaman çizelgesi, risk analizi, bütçe planlaması ve yaygın etki potansiyelinin gerçekçi verilerle formüle edilmesi, destek alma şansını artıran temel unsurlardır. The preparation process for scientific research projects begins with problem identification and a comprehensive literature review, necessitating a robust construction of the research question and hypothesis. For a successful project proposal, it is crucial to clearly define the study's boundaries, emphasize its original value, and detail the methodology through a systematic workflow. Formulating project management elements—such as work-time schedules, risk analysis, budget planning, and potential widespread impact—with realistic data is essential for increasing the likelihood of securing support.