Sara Pakseresht

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of interphases is a promising strategy for stabilizing lithium metal negative electrode and mitigating dendrite formation in rechargeable batteries. In this work, we investigate the growth mechanism and electrochemical impact of titanium‐based ALD coatings on highly reactive lithium surfaces. Operando ambient‐pressure X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (APXPS) was employed to probe the initial stages of a Ti interphase growth under realistic ALD conditions using TiCl ₄ and H ₂ O precursors. The first H ₂ O pulse rapidly converts the Li surface into LiOH, while subsequent TiCl ₄ exposure reacts directly with lithium surface to form a stable LiCl interlayer. TiO _x nucleates on this LiCl‐modified surface, resulting in a composite TiO _x /LiCl interphase. This synergistic interphase improves electrolyte wettability, promotes uniform Li ⁺ flux, and suppresses dendritic growth. Electrochemical evaluation shows that TiO _x ‐LiCl‐coated Li anodes deliver substantially enhanced interfacial stability and cycling performance. Symmetric cells exhibit stable operation for over 600 h, while full Li‖LiNi _0.8 Mn _0.1 Co _0.1 O ₂ cells with a 10 ALD cycle TiO _x /LiCl coating achieve 100% Coulombic efficiency after 300 charge–discharge cycles at 200 mA g ⁻¹ , compared with ∼63% for bare lithium. These findings provide mechanistic insight and practical validation of ALD Ti‐based coatings as an effective protection strategy for durable lithium metal batteries.

Digital platforms, electric vehicles, and renewable energy grids all rely on energy storage systems, with lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) as the predominant technology. However, the current energy density of LIBs is insufficient to meet the long-term objectives of these applications, and traditional LIBs with flammable liquid electrolytes pose safety concerns. All-solid-state lithium–oxygen batteries (ASSLOBs) are emerging as a promising next-generation energy storage technology with potential energy densities up to ten times higher than those of current LIBs. ASSLOBs utilize non-flammable solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) and offer superior safety and mechanical stability. However, ASSLOBs face challenges, including high solid-state interface resistances and unstable lithium-metal anodes. In recent years, significant progress has been proceeded in developing new materials and interfaces that improve the performance and stability of ASSLOBs. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advances and challenges in the ASSLOB technology, including the design principles and strategies for developing high-performance ASSLOBs and advances in SSEs, cathodes, anodes, and interface engineering. Overall, this review highlights valuable insights into the current state of the art and future directions for ASSLOB technology.

Significant climate change and variable fossil energy prices are forcing us to minimize fossil fuel consumption and develop innovative energy conversion and storage systems capable of reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Batteries are the most common form of alternative energy systems, and cathode materials are critical for their performance. Their low-rate performance and short lifespan severely hamper the efficiency of cathode materials. The adoption of nanotechnology is essential to improve the cathode life cycle and maintain capacity. Conventional synthetic techniques face serious problems in producing complex nanomaterials with precise design, high efficiency, and long life. Recent efforts have been made to utilize bio-inspired materials in a variety of applications, emphasizing the importance of biomimetics due to their unique advantages and excellent properties. This review examines the synthesis mechanism, properties, and advances of bioinspired materials in the production of nanomaterials in order to pave the way for the future study of rechargeable batteries. Subsequently, the solutions and problems encountered by cathode materials in the main categories of secondary rechargeable batteries are addressed. The aim of this study is to alert scientists toward this promising development trend in bio-inspired battery materials.

Medical devices have an essential part in healthcare system in recent years, such as usage of heart valves, several types of stents and implants devices in patients. However, bacterial infection of medical devices causes critical issues for patients due to attachment of bacteria and formation of biofilm onto the medical devices. Therefore, finding an effective antibacterial coating to prevent biofilm formation and infection is our goal. In this study, we developed silver/chitosan nanocomposites for antimicrobial coating system by chemical and green methods using sodium borohydride and linden extract, respectively. Silver is known as a strong inorganic antimicrobial agent to kill bacteria by inactivating enzymes and dysfunction bacterial cell membranes. By immobilizing silver nanoparticles on chitosan biopolymer can prevent agglomeration of nanoparticles, besides it can improve the biocompatibility. We characterized properties of our silver chitosan nanocomposites samples using particle size distribution, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. Effective antimicrobial film preventing biofilm formation on medical devices was designed. Antimicrobial testing confirmed antimicrobial properties however variable for each type of nanosilver.