Özge Çankaya

Purpose:This case report aims to evaluate the early motor repertoire and selective motor control of an infant exposed to acute metabolic acidosis to determine their neurodevelopmental risk.Method:A 12-week-old male infant, previously hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit due to hypoactivity and metabolic acidosis on the third postnatal day, was referred for a physiotherapy assessment at three months of age. A neurodevelopmental evaluation was conducted using a four-minute video recording of the infant in an alert, unstimulated, supine position. The early motor repertoire was assessed via the Motor Optimality Score-Revised (MOS-R), and selective motor control was evaluated using the Baby Observational Selective Control Appraisal (BabyOSCAR).Findings:The infant achieved a MOS-R score of 13 and a total BabyOSCAR score of 19. These clinical scores collectively indicated that the infant was at a high risk for impaired neurodevelopment, suggesting that the history of acute metabolic acidosis may have disrupted early motor system organization and altered spontaneous movement quality.Conclusion:Combining early motor repertoire and selective motor control assessments in infants exposed to metabolic acidosis offers a valuable clinical approach for the early identification of neurodevelopmental risk, though larger longitudinal studies are needed to validate these findings.

Background: Due to the limited availability of validated assessment tools for evaluating performance skills in children with developmental disabilities, this study investigated the psychometric properties of the Performance Skills Questionnaire (PSQ). Methods: This cross‐sectional study involved parents of children with and without developmental disabilities to evaluate the instrument's psychometric properties. The translation and adaptation process followed international guidelines. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA/CFA) were conducted with children with developmental disabilities for construct validity. Known‐group validity was assessed by comparing PSQ scores between children with developmental disabilities and typically developing children. Root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), comparative fit index and Tucker–Lewis index were used. Cronbach's alpha ( α ) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to assess internal consistency and test–retest reliability. Results: The study included 178 children; the mean age was 12.29 ± 3.63 years for those with developmental disabilities and 11.79 ± 3.45 years for typically developing peers. EFA supported both three‐factor and five‐factor structures. CFA demonstrated acceptable model fit (RMSEA = 0.084). PSQ scores differed significantly between children with developmental disabilities and typically developing children ( p < 0.05). All subdomains showed excellent internal consistency in both models ( α = 0.916–0.968) except for communication skills in the five‐factor model ( α = 0.861). Test–retest reliability was excellent across all subdomains in both models (ICC = 0.922–0.956), except for the communication skills‐2 subdomain in the five‐factor model (ICC = 0.861). Conclusion: The findings indicate that PSQ is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing performance skills in Turkish children with developmental disabilities. Although both factor structures were supported, the five‐factor model may offer additional advantages for a more detailed evaluation of performance skills and for exploring alternative conceptual perspectives.

Purpose: This study was planned to investigate the inter/intra observer reliability of the Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS) and to evaluate the body postures of senior physiotherapy students during intervention with the OWAS method in terms of ergonomic risk. Method: To evaluate the postures during the study, digital photographs of 60 students were taken from three different perspectives: front, back, and side. The photographs were manually scored by three physiotherapists using the OWAS method. In the first stage, the inter/intra-observer reliability of the OWAS method was examined, and in the second stage, ergonomic risk analysis was performed on the OWAS total score. Results: The study included 49 female and 11 male physiotherapy and rehabilitation senior students with a mean age of 22.45±1.09 (21-26). Inter/intra observer reliability was found to be good (ICCIrO=0.815; ICCIaO=0.872; p

Knowledge of the factors affecting functional outcomes has an important role in the development of the care plan in children with spinal cord tumors. Retrospective study was planned to determine predictors of functional independence in children with spinal cord tumors. Data from 80 children treated for spinal cord tumors over 2001-2020-year period was analyzed. Results showed that key predictors such as younger age, higher KPS, and better initial WeeFIM scores were strongly associated with improved functional outcomes. Further multicenter prospective studies are recommended to validate these findings and explore long-term functional outcomes to enhance rehabilitation strategies for this patient population.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Fear of Pain Questionnaire for Children-Short Form (FOPQC-SF) in children/adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods: To evaluate validity of FOPQC-SF, 70 children/adolescents with JIA were included. Data were collected using Pediatric Quality Of Life Inventory 3.0. Module Arthritis (PedsQL), Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) and Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS).To determine the reliability of the FOPQC-SF, test-retest was performed at one-week intervals on participants who had not made any changes to their pharmacological treatment and had not received any additional treatment. Results: With factor restrictions, items of Turkish version of FOPQC-SF were found acceptable for a 2-factor structure (fear:4 items; avoidance:6 items)(RMSEA = 0.058, GFI = 0.890, X2 = 40.667 X2/df = 1.196). With no restrictions, items of Turkish version of FOPQC-SF were found to be excellent for a 3-factor structure (fear:3 items; avoidance:4 items; other:3 items) (RMSEA = 0.036, GFI = 0.909, X2 = 34.465, X2/df = 1.077).The Cronbach's alpha value of Turkish version of FOPQC-SF total was 0.865 (good). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1) was 0.865 (very high). Fear and avoidance subscales and total score of Turkish version of FOPQC-SF had low to moderate correlation with CHAQ-disability index, CHAQ-pain, CHAQ-global evaluation, JADAS, PedsQL-child total, PedsQL-parent total (r:-0.283/-0.452)(p < 0.05). Other subscale of Turkish version of FOPQC-SF had low to moderate correlation with CHAQ-disability index, CHAQ-pain, PedsQL-parent total (r:0.286/0.318) (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The Turkish version of FOPQC-SF was found to be clinically valid and reliable in children and adolescents with JIA.

Purpose: Muscle weakness and delays in motor development are more common problems in children with neurofibromatosis type 1. Gross Motor Function Measurement-88 is widely used tool to evaluate motor functions in children with developmental disabilities. We aimed to investigate validity of the Gross Motor Function Measurement-88 in a sample of Turkish children with neurofibromatosis type 1. Methods: Aged between 5 to 17 years 40 (20 male/20 female) children with neurofibromatosis type 1. participated in this study. To asses validity of Gross Motor Function Measurement-88, Manual Muscle Test was done seven muscle groups in upper and lower limbs bilaterally by a physical therapist. Results: The mean age was 9.7 ± 3.81 years. A positive moderate to strong correlation was found between Manual Muscle Test and Gross Motor Function Measurement-88 subdomains (r = 0.317-0.668; p <0.05). Conclusion: Gross Motor Function Measurement-88 is a valid measurement for evaluating gross motor functions in children with neurofibromatosis type 1. Identifying motor developmental delays in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 will be a guide for establishing early intervention programs and determining symptom-specific rehabilitation goals. We recommend the use of Gross Motor Function Measurement-88 in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 for evaluating gross motor function.

Purpose: To assess physical fitness, gross motor capacity, and their relationship in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Materials and Methods: Children with NF1 (n=40, age 6-17, mean 9.70±3.8 years) and typically developing children (TDC) (n= 28, age 5,5-17,5, mean 11.35±3.0 years) were evaluated by the six-minute walking test, sit-up test, sit-and-reach test, flamingo balance test and body mass index. Gross motor capacity was assessed with the Gross Motor Function Measure D and E subdimensions. Results: Physical fitness and gross motor capacity differed significantly between NF1 and TDC (p<0.05). Physical fitness parameters correlated with gross motor capacity to a fair to moderate degree in children with NF1 (r:0.42-0.71; p<0.05). Conclusions: Physical fitness and gross motor capacity are correlated and both are impaired in children with NF1. Exercise programs aiming to increase these functions can be recommended: therefore, areas of intervention can be defined from tests described in this study. Amaç: Nörofibramatozis Tip 1 (NF1) tanılı çocuklarda kaba motor kapasite, ve fiziksel uygunluğu ve birbirleri arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: NF1'li çocuklar (n=40, yaş 6-17, ortalama 9,70±3.8 yıl) ve tipik gelişen çocuklar (TGÇ) (n= 28, yaş 5,5-17,5, ortalama 11,35±3,0 yıl) altı dakikalık yürüme testi, mekik testi, otur-uzan testi, flamingo denge testi ile değerlendirildi ve vücut kitle indeksi hesaplandı. Kaba motor fonksiyon, Kaba Motor Fonksiyon Ölçütü D ve E alt boyutları ile değerlendirildi. Sonuçlar: Fiziksel uygunluk ve kaba motor kapasite NF1 ve TDC arasında anlamlı farklılık gösterdi (p<0,05). Fiziksel uygunluk parametreleri, NF1'li çocuklarda kaba motor kapasitesi ile orta derecede korelasyon gösterdi (r:0,42-0,71; p<0,05). Tartışma: NF1 tanılı çocuklarda fiziksel uygunluk ve motor kapasite etkilenmiştir ve birbirleri ile ilişkilidirler. Etkilenen fonksiyonları arttırmaya yönelik egzersiz programları önerilebilir. Sonuç olarak; müdahale alanları çalışmamızda tanımlanmış testler ile belirlenebilir.