Lais Daiene Cosmoski

Introdução: A pandemia causada pelo coronavírus (COVID-19) resultou em fechamentos e restrições a diversas situações do cotidiano, incluindo os serviços de saúde. Houve adiamentos e cancelamentos de ações para rastreamento de câncer de mama em muitos países. Aos poucos está se conhecendo mais sobre os impactos causados pela doença. Objetivos: Avaliar se a pandemia interferiu no atendimento a pacientes com câncer de mama. Materiais e Métodos: Foram analisados 248 prontuários de mulheres diagnosticadas com neoplasia maligna da mama entre janeiro de 2018 a dezembro de 2021 em uma clínica especializada em oncologia na região sul do Brasil. Resultados: Houve redução significativa no número de óbitos durante a pandemia. Constataram-se alterações no protocolo de atendimento, mas sem suspensão de tratamentos essenciais. Houve somente adiamentos e remarcações de consultas. Não houve diferença em número de atendimentos nos convênios particulares ou públicos, entre os períodos. O volume de atendimentos realizado antes e durante a pandemia foi semelhante, apesar das dificuldades impostas pela doença. O número de faltas às consultas e tratamentos diminuiu durante a pandemia, evidenciando a continuidade no tratamento, apesar dos riscos. Pacientes infectadas pelo SARSCoV-2 tiveram desfechos favoráveis. Conclusão: De forma geral, não houve impacto da pandemia nesse serviço de saúde. Houve alterações no protocolo de atendimento, mas não ocorreram interrupções nos atendimentos e nos tratamentos para neoplasia maligna da mama.

O hemograma é um dos exames mais solicitados em ambiente hospitalar, o exame consiste em analisar informações específicasdo sangue do paciente, como a contagem de glóbulos brancos, glóbulos vermelhos e plaquetas. Através dessasinformações o médico consegue interpretar o exame e identificar possíveis alterações e doenças como leucemia, anemia,infecções bacterianas ou de protozoário. Os glóbulos brancos também denominados leucócitos fazem parte do sistema dedefesa contra organismos infecciosos, já os glóbulos vermelhos ou eritrócitos são constituídos por hemácias que possuemhemoglobina no seu interior com a função de levar oxigênio para as células do corpo. Sobre a importância desse tema,o projeto tem como objetivo a revisão sistemática sobre a realização do hemograma e suas importâncias, como é feito acontagem em contadores eletrônicos e a confirmação diferencial em microscopia. A pesquisa será feita em livros e artigoscientíficos através das plataformas de base de dados as SciELO (Scientific Eletronic Library Online), Google Scholar e PuBMeDcom as seguintes palavras “Hemograma/glóbulos brancos/ glóbulos vermelhos/ esfregaço sanguíneo/ microscopia/valores de referência”. Abordando a leitura correta e trazendo conhecimento para pessoas leigas para que as mesmassaibam o que é o hemograma, como interpretar e quais são as células que compõem o exame.

Através do hemograma, é possível avaliar algumas situações presentes no organismo humano. O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar a coleta de amostrar de sangue para a realização de hemograma de pessoas na Casa de Paternidade da Igreja Comuni- dade Cristã Hebrom, onde o foco é o atendimento de uma comunidade mais carente. To- dos os participantes foram esclarecidos sobre a pesquisa e antes de qualquer coleta assi- naram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, além disso, o presente estudo foi submetido aos comitês de ética que foram necessários antes de ser iniciada. Os resulta- dos dos hemogramas foram devolvidos e esclarecidos as pessoas que fizerem parte da pesquisa. A coleta de dados se deu através da coleta de amostras de sangue e um ques- tionário foi aplicado. O hemograma e a leitura do exame foram realizados em um laborató- rio parceiro de Ponta Grossa. Por se tratar de uma comunidade carente, era esperado encontrar perfis de anemia, desnutrição, imunidade baixa, entre outros; e tomando o co- nhecimento dos resultados de seus exames, as pessoas puderam buscar auxílio para qualquer disfunção encontrada.

The purpose of this article is to investigate if the researched hospital, there are possibilities of finding invasive and non-invasive elements, cross-contamination due to inadequate hygiene team of technicians or technologists in radiology, involving the sterilization of radiographic cassettes. It will also be addressed on the determination of the present colony count in devices, such as the X-ray cassettes, X-ray, ray fixers X. This study aims to determine the prevalence and identify the main microorganisms present in the radiographic cassette surface and appliances mobile X-ray of the University Hospital of Ponta Grossa, where was held, scientific research and collected samples contaminated by microorganisms from October to December 2016. It was noted that the vast majority of the samples were contaminated with gram-positive bacteria more than 70% of the samples, the analysis revealed that there are microorganisms such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and saprophyticus, which are common in certain regions of the skin, and grew gram-positive bacilli and streptococci.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common type among women and brings to them significant organic changes. A new intracranial pressure monitorization method consists of an external system of sensors that detects micrometric deformations on the cranial bones and transmits, in real-time, electrical signals that are visualized on a monitor. Objective: To identify changes in intracranial pressure due to chemotherapy connections through non-invasive methodology. Methods: The present study was conducted at Hospital Santa Casa de Misericordia in the city of Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil in 2017. The variables P2/P1 ratio (ICP morphological evaluation), laboratory parameters, comorbidities, and clinical aspects of the volunteers were evaluated. The vascular toxicity of chemotherapy often causes endothelial dysfunction, resulting in a loss of vasodilation effects and suppresses anti-inflammatory and vascular repair functions. Results: The values of the P2/P1 ratio before and after chemotherapy were also compared between groups. A statistically significant difference was observed in the pre-chemotherapy P2/P1 values compared to the post-chemotherapy values. Conclusion: Variations in ICP may occur in cancer patients. Further studies are necessary to evaluate if this change may contribute to the chemotherapy side effects occurrence.

Population aging is reality and indicates the need for a better quality of life. Aging brings loss of functions, neurological changes and comorbidities. Studies have sought to reduce the progression of diseases in the elderly and some suggest diseases may have their development related to high intracranial pressures (ICP). The aim of this study was to evaluate for the first time ICP morphology in residents of a Long-Term Institution for the Elderly, using a non-invasive technology. Of the 91 elderly people evaluated, 88% had ICP alterations, 58% are dependent to daily activities, 23% are wheelchair users and 79% have a mental state as compromised. As for comorbidities, frequently identified chronic-degenerative diseases were arterial hypertension (50%), depression (27%), diabetes (24%) and dementia (14%), in addition to polypharmacy. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of altered ICP for wheelchair users and for residents who do not walk . A high rate of altered ICP was observed in the population studied, highlighting the importance of assessing intracranial compliance in understanding the aging and future follow-up studies of the elderly at different stages of diseases, especially neurological ones.

In the course of cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) many factors come into play. A lot of care is needed, in addition to the surgery itself, especially with regard to blood oxygenation, blood pressure and the formation of microemboli, which will directly influence the pathogenesis of neurological abnormalities found in the postoperative period. Elevations in the values ​​of intracranial pressure (ICP) in adults can be small to severe, and may pose a threat to the patient's life, according to this increase. The objective of the present study is to discuss possible changes in the ICP of patients who underwent cardiac surgery as possible consequences of CPB. Since perfusion triggers the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, directly and indirectly interfering with the mechanisms that maintain brain compliance, such changes in ICP may occur as a consequence of CPB, however, investigations are needed to explain this possible relationship.

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is treated mainly by hemodialysis, however, hemodialysis is associated with frequent complications, some of them involve the increased intracranial pressure. In this context, monitoring the intracranial pressure of these patients may lead to a better understanding of how intracranial pressure morphology varies with hemodialysis. This study aimed to follow-up patients with ESRD by monitoring intracranial pressure before and after hemodialysis sessions using a noninvasive method. We followed-up 42 patients with ESRD in hemodialysis, for six months. Noninvasive intracranial pressure monitoring data were obtained through analysis of intracranial pressure waveform morphology, this information was uploaded to Brain4care® cloud algorithm for analysis. The cloud automatically sends a report containing intracranial pressure parameters. In total, 4881 data points were collected during the six months of follow-up. The intracranial pressure parameters (time to peak and P2/P1 ratio) were significantly higher in predialysis when compared to postdialysis for the three weekly sessions and throughout the follow-up period (pp<0.05). In conclusion, there were significant differences between pre and postdialysis intracranial pressure in patients with ESRD on hemodialysis. Additionally, the pattern of the intracranial pressure alterations was consistent over time suggesting that hemodialysis can improve time to peak and P2/P1 ratio which may reflect in brain compliance.

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is treated mainly by hemodialysis, however, hemodialysis is associated with frequent complications, some of them involve the increased intracranial pressure. In this context, monitoring the intracranial pressure of these patients may lead to a better understanding of how intracranial pressure morphology varies with hemodialysis. This study aimed to follow-up patients with ESRD by monitoring intracranial pressure before and after hemodialysis sessions using a noninvasive method. We followed-up 42 patients with ESRD in hemodialysis, for six months. Noninvasive intracranial pressure monitoring data were obtained through analysis of intracranial pressure waveform morphology, this information was uploaded to Brain4care ^® cloud algorithm for analysis. The cloud automatically sends a report containing intracranial pressure parameters. In total, 4881 data points were collected during the six months of follow-up. The intracranial pressure parameters (time to peak and P2/P1 ratio) were significantly higher in predialysis when compared to postdialysis for the three weekly sessions and throughout the follow-up period ( p p <0.05). In conclusion, there were significant differences between pre and postdialysis intracranial pressure in patients with ESRD on hemodialysis. Additionally, the pattern of the intracranial pressure alterations was consistent over time suggesting that hemodialysis can improve time to peak and P2/P1 ratio which may reflect in brain compliance.