Elane Viana Hortegal Furtado

Objective: Daily fruit and vegetable consumption is a critical factor in health, especially aging. This study aimed to evaluate the association between socioeconomic factors and daily fruit and vegetable consumption in men and women aged ≥ 50 years. Methods: This cross-sectional study used 2015–2016 data from the Brazilian longitudinal study of aging (ELSI-Brazil), which included 8665 individuals aged ≥ 50 years. Daily fruit and vegetable consumption was the dependent variable, and income, education, sex, age, and race were the independent variables. Associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and the independent variables were determined using Poisson regression. Results: Individuals who had completed higher education (OR 2.40; 95% CI 2.07–2.78), whose income was > 3 times the minimum wage (OR 2.42; 95% CI 2.18–2.68), and those aged > 80 years (OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.27–1.63) were more likely to consume fruits and vegetables. However, men (OR 0.63; 95% CI 0.58–0.67), Blacks (OR 0.74; 95% CI 0.65–0.84), and people of mixed race (OR 0.68; 95% CI 0.63–0.73), were less likely to consume fruits and vegetables. Conclusions: The results show inequality in fruit and vegetable consumption among people aged ≥ 50 years, which was lower among men, people of Black or mixed race, people with low income and education, and those with younger age. Interventions are needed to promote fruit and vegetable consumption, and thus healthy aging, among these groups.

Objective: To analyze variations of biomarkers with different body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (% BF). Methods: Cross-sectional study, comprising 173 patients with CKD. Twenty blood biomarkers were evaluated. BMI was categorized as eutrophic and overweight. % BF was assessed by air displacement plethysmography and rated high when ≥25% for men and ≥32% for women. Four groups were categorized: eutrophic (adequate BMI and % BF), normal-weight obese (adequate BMI and high % BF), overweight and adequate % BG (high BMI and normal % BF) and real obese (BMI and% BF high). Results: Compared to eutrophic individuals, the “normal-weight obese” registered lower hemoglobin (12.5 mg / dl) and hematocrit (37.0%), higher values for phosphorus (3.6 mg / dl), CRP (0.2 mg / dL) and fasting blood glucose (105.5 mg / dL). The “real obese” had lower creatinine (1.6 mg / dL) and higher triglycerides (159 mg / dL), CRP (0.3 mg / dL) and fasting glucose (101 mg/dL). The group “overweight and adequate% BF” showed higher triglycerides (217 mg / dL) blood glucose (108mg / dL) and lower HDL-c (33.9 mg / dL). Conclusions: The “obese of normal weight” showed more variations on the biomarkers. The “overweight and adequate% BF” and “real obese” groups had higher serum values for some parameters. The need to assess combined parameters is emphasized, as both BMI and% BF can influence biochemical markers.

Resumo Introdução Considerando-se a magnitude da hipertensão arterial sistêmica e suas complicações, assim como a importância da atividade física regular na sua prevenção e/ou tratamento, é necessário identificar os fatores associados à prática de atividade física insuficiente. Objetivo Analisar os fatores associados à atividade física insuficiente em hipertensos atendidos na atenção primária à saúde. Método Estudo transversal realizado com amostra aleatória de 305 hipertensos em três unidades de saúde de São Luís (MA). Foi realizada análise bivariada, com estimativas de razões de prevalência, intervalos de confiança e análise multivariada por regressão de Poisson. Resultados A atividade física insuficiente foi observada em 38,7% da amostra. Atividade física insuficiente foi associada a menos de 8 anos de educação formal (razão de prevalência - RP = 1,58; intervalo de confiança de 95% - IC = 1,04–2,39), colesterol total ≥200 mg/dL (RP = 0,78; IC 95% = 0,58 -1,04), lipoproteína de baixa densidade colesterol-LDLc ≥100 mg/dL (RP = 0,79; IC 95% = 0,53-0,95) e lipoproteína de alta densidade colesterol-HDLc <40 mg / dL entre homens e <50 mg/dL entre mulheres (RP = 1,21; IC 95% = 0,90-1,64). A escolaridade <8 anos (RP = 1,50; IC 95% = 0,99–2,29) e LDLc ≥100 mg/dL (RP = 0,72; IC 95% = 0,54–0,96) também estiveram associados na regressão multivariada. Conclusão Observou-se alta prevalência de atividade física insuficiente e sua associação com baixa escolaridade e LDLc alterado em hipertensos.

Objective: Cardiovascular diseases represent the main cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and association of the hypertriglyceridemia-waist phenotype (HWP) and visceral adiposity index (VAI) with cardiometabolic risk factors (CR) in patients with CKD on hemodialysis (HD). Materials and methods: The study is based on a cross-sectional design with 265 HD patients in two cities in northeastern Brazil. The VAI was calculated considering the variables body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), [...] ABSTRACT Objective: Cardiovascular diseases represent the main cause of death in chronic kidney disease (CKD). We aimed to evaluate the prevalence and association of the hypertriglyceridemia-waist phenotype (HWP) and visceral adiposity index (VAI) with cardiometabolic risk factors (CR) in patients with CKD on hemodialysis (HD). Materials and methods: The study is based on a cross-sectional design with 265 HD patients in two cities in northeastern Brazil. The VAI was calculated considering the variables body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC),

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: Sarcopenia is characterized by the involuntary loss of lean body mass associated with a progressive reduction of muscle strength. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in kidney transplant recipients and its association with the determining factors that control muscle homeostasis. METHODS: We evaluated renal transplant recipients undergoing follow-up at the University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão from June 2017 to July 2018 and who met the inclusion criteria. Sarcopenia was defined according to the European criteria. The skeletal muscle mass index was measured by dual-energy radiological absorptiometry; the values <7,26 kg/m2 for men and <5,5 kg/m2 for women were adopted for muscle depletion. For handgrip strength, values of <30 kg for men and <20 kg for women were considered as reduced muscle strength. In both sexes, the cutoff point for walking speed was <0,8 m/s. RESULTS: We evaluated 83 renal transplant recipients with a mean age of 48.8 ± 12,1 years and predominantly males (57,8%). The prevalence of sarcopenia was 19,3%. Among individuals without sarcopenia, 17,9% had a decrease in handgrip strength and 40,3% has altered gait speed. DISCUSSION: Individuals submitted to renal transplant may develop sarcopenia while still young and already present altered muscle function and strength even before the depletion of lean body mass. CONCLUSION: Early diagnosis may allow the prevention of sarcopenia and provide a better quality of life for patients.