Murat Özcan

Visceral leishmaniasis is an infectious disease that infects and multiplies in macrophages of the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. The most common clinical features are fever, splenomegaly, and anemia. Anemia, leucopenia, and thrombocytopenia are the main hematologic abnormalities commonly seen in visceral leishmaniasis. These findings can be seen in several types of hematologic disorders. The findings are similar to most hematologic disorders and so may make diagnosis problematic. It is difficult to confirm when it is seen except in epidemiologic areas. It can be fatal if it is not treated and appropriate treatment can be lifesaving. In this article a 12 year-old male patient who was followed-up with diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and received maintenance therapy while being under remission after BFM-ALL-2000 treatment protocol and diagnosed with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis due to Kala-azar during this period was presented.

In addition to Rh and ABO incompatibilities subgroup incompatibilities may rarely play a role among the causes of hemolytic anemia and indirect hyperbilirubinemia in newborns. The most common minor blood group antigens that cause blood incompatibility between the mother and baby are C, c, E, e, Kell, Duffy, Diego, Kidd and MNSs antigens. In this article, a newborn in whom hyperbilirubinemia due to anti-E minor blood group incompatibility developed and was treated with phototherapy succesfully is presented and minor blood group incompatibilities due to anti-E are reviewed.

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