Wedad Matar Almutairi

Quality-of-life (QoL) needs among gynecologic cancer survivors are multifaceted and culturally mediated, yet limited research has examined how survivors in the Middle East prioritize key domains such as sexual function, emotional well-being, and relational quality. This study aimed to identify subgroups of survivors based on the perceived importance of these domains and to explore demographic and clinical predictors of subgroups within the Saudi Arabian context. We conducted a cross-sectional, survey-based study among 129 women with a history of breast or cervical cancer attending a tertiary oncology center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Participants rated the importance of sexual, emotional, and relational QoL domains using a 4-point Likert scale. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to segment survivors based on their perceived domain importance. Differences in demographic and clinical characteristics across classes were assessed using chi-square tests. A decision tree classifier was employed. Three latent classes emerged: Class 0 (48.8%) prioritized all domains highly; Class 1 (17.8%) reported low importance across domains; and Class 2 (33.3%) emphasized emotional and relational domains while downplaying sexual function. Class group was significantly associated with age (p = 0.001), education (p = 0.04), nationality (p = 0.03), and number of children (p < 0.001). Decision tree analysis identified number of children, age, and marital status as the strongest predictors of high-importance class group. Gynecologic cancer survivors in Saudi Arabia hold diverse priorities regarding QoL domains, primarily shaped by sociocultural context than clinical variables. Tailored survivorship interventions that reflect survivors’ lived values, particularly in relation to age, family structure, and cultural norms, are critical for person-centered oncology care in the region.

Background: While survival outcomes for breast and cervical cancer have improved in Saudi Arabia, little is known about the long-term sexual and psychosocial well-being of survivors. This study aimed to assess sexual satisfaction, emotional health, and social relationship quality among Saudi women diagnosed with cervical and breast cancers and to identify sociodemographic predictors of quality of life (QoL) across these domains. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was administered to 129 women with a history of breast or cervical cancer during May–July 2021. The instrument combined validated tools measuring three core QoL domains: sexual function and satisfaction, psychological and emotional well-being, and social and relationship qualities. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used. Results: A total of 129 women with cervical and breast cancers (51.2% cervical, 48.8% breast) participated. Most were aged 31–45 years (45.7%), married (83.0%), with 48.1% holding a bachelor’s degree. Overall, 74.4% of participants reported high to moderate emotional well-being; 48.8% reported satisfactory sexual function, and only 41.1% perceived high quality in social relationships. Younger age (21–30 years), higher education, and having more children were significantly associated with lower emotional well-being (p < 0.05). Conversely, current treatment status and higher parity were associated with better sexual function. Social and relationship quality was significantly higher among younger and employed women. Perceived importance of domains varied, with emotional well-being rating the highest (82.9%). Conclusions: Sexual and social QoL are underserved yet critical components of survivorship care. Cultural, familial, and educational contexts play significant roles in shaping post-treatment experiences. Interventions tailored to age, family dynamics, and treatment stage are needed to improve the holistic well-being of survivors in Saudi Arabia.

Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women around the world. In Saudi Arabia, breast cancer remains a challenging health problem which accounted for 31.7% of all cancer cases in Saudi females, with an age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) of 29.7 and an estimated death rate of 9.67 per 100,000 Saudi women in 2022. Early detection is confirmed to be the best practice for better prognosis. Mammography screening is one of the most effective methods of early detection. However, anxiety about mammogram screening may affect early detection. There is a lack of studies regarding the psychological impact, such as anxiety, on women who undergo mammogram screening in Saudi Arabia. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the level of anxiety and its contributing factors in women who undergo mammogram screening at Breast Cancer Screening Centers in Saudi Arabia. Design: A descriptive cross-sectional design was conducted. Setting: Mammogram clinics in East Jeddah Hospital and King Fahad Hospital. Sample: A convenience sample of 218 was collected. The data were collected from March 2023 to July 2023. Tools: The Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) and the Psychological Consequence Questionnaire (PCQ). Result: Based on the PSWQ scale, the total mean of the anxiety level in our sample was mild anxiety (mean = 43.4, SD = 11.4). Based on the PCQ, the results demonstrated that physical, emotional, and social factors were significantly associated with the anxiety level, respectively (r = 0.4, p = 0.001; r = 0.489, p = 0.001; r = 0.337, p = 0.001). Conclusions and recommendations: Saudi women showed mild anxiety levels during mammogram screening. The physical, emotional, and social factors impact the anxiety level in women undergoing mammogram screening, which might explain the low rate of mammogram screening adherence in Saudi Arabia.

Background/Objectives: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the most prevalent complication of childbirth and the most preventable cause of maternal mortality worldwide. Maternity nurses and midwives are often the first-line providers responding to PPH. As a result, maternity nurses have the potential to save the lives of women who are clinically deteriorating because of PPH. Simulation-based training is an effective way to develop maternity nurses’ knowledge, skills, and experience to save a woman’s life after PPH. Aim: to investigate the effect of simulation-based training on nurses’ knowledge and performance about primary postpartum hemorrhage management. Design: an experimental design (pre-test/post-test control group). Setting: the study was conducted in the labor and delivery room at KAUH in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Sample: A convenient sample of 54 nurses and midwives who were working in the labor and delivery room and the postnatal unit was randomly divided into two equal groups, the control group and study group. Tools: A structured tool was used for data collection and consisted of four parts: I—sociodemographic data, II—assessment of nurse’s/midwives’ knowledge about prevention and management of primary PPH, III—nurse’s/midwives’ performance observational checklist for primary PPH management, and IV—nurse’s/midwife’s satisfaction of the simulation-based training session. Results: The study group had a significantly higher knowledge level immediately after training (X² = 9.39, p = 0.002) and one month after training (X² = 5.51, p = 0.02). Regarding the performance level and total practice level immediately after the intervention, the study group had statistically significantly better practices (X² = 50.143, p = 0.000 *) and this continued one month later (X² = 50.143, p = 0.000 *). Conclusions: The nurses’ knowledge and performance skills related to primary postpartum hemorrhage care improved after receiving simulation-based training. We recommend that all the maternity nurses and midwives participate in an ongoing in-service simulation training program to enable nurses to demonstrate an active role in PPH prevention and management.

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is the most common post-operative complication, with reported rates of up to 15%. In Saudi Arabia, an incidence of 3.4% of SSI following caesarean section (CS) was reported. The risk factors associated with SSI following CS are the type of CS, maternal age, gestational age, pregnancy complications and others. The Aim of the Study is: To determine the incidence of SSI following CS and its associated risk factors among post-partum women at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH). Methods: Design: A descriptive and cross-sectional design was used. Setting: Gynaecology and Obstetrics Clinics in KAUH. Sample: A convenience sample of 230 post-partum women, within 30 days post-CS. Data were collected over 5 months from November 2020 to March 2021. Tool: A questionnaire, self-administered questionnaire developed by the researcher consisted of five sections. Results: Three per cent was the incidence of SSI following caesarean section. The logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between SSI following CS and anaemia (B = 5.34, P = 0.008, 95%: confidence interval [CI] −17.14–239.3), body mass index (BMI) (B = 2.69, P = 0.015, 95% CI − 0.31–147), vaginal examination (B = 1.443, P = 0.008, 95% CI 80.36–10.41) and type of CS (B = 2.73, P = 0.038, 95% CI − 32.1–116.9). Conclusion: The incidence of SSI following CS was 3% comparable to the international rate. Anaemia, vaginal examination, BMI and emergency CS are the risk factors for SSI following CS. Further research should be done with a larger cohort sample in Saudi Arabia.

Post-partum haemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal death, primarily resulting from uterine atony. Immediate skin-to-skin contact (SSC) between mother and newborn is widely promoted for neonatal benefits; however, its impact on maternal outcomes such as blood loss and third-stage labour duration remains unconfirmed. This scoping review aimed to determine and summarise available literature on the effects of immediate SSC on maternal blood loss, the duration of the third stage of labour and the incidence of PPH. A narrative scoping review approach was used. Literature searches were conducted using Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar for studies published between 2000 and 2025. Keywords included ‘skin-to-skin contact’, ‘postpartum hemorrhage’, ‘maternal blood loss’ and ‘third stage of labour’. Studies were included if they involved immediate SSC (initiated within 10 min of birth) and reported at least one maternal outcome. Fourteen studies were included, covering randomised controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, cohort studies and reviews. Data were extracted and described. Thirteen studies stated a shorter third stage of labour in SSC groups, with reductions ranging from 1.3 to 8.4 min. Eight studies reported reduced post-partum blood loss, but with varied measurement methods. Only one study assessed PPH incidence directly, finding lower rates of PPH in the SSC group. Immediate SSC shows beneficial in reducing blood loss and shortening the third stage of labour. It is recommended to be encouraged in routine care for labouring women. Further research with standardised outcome measures is needed to assess its direct impact on post-partum blood loss and PPH incidence.

Background: The incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) following cesarean section (CS) is between 3% and 15% worldwide. There is a paucity of evidence regarding the incidence and risk factors of SSI following CS in Saudi Arabia. Globally, infection is the third greatest cause of maternal deaths. There are many risk factors associated with SSI post‐CS such as age, previous history of CS, medical diseases, and a high number of vaginal examinations. Methods: A cross‐sectional prospective descriptive study among women who underwent CS. Setting: Gynecology and obstetrics clinics in a maternity and children’s hospital. Sample: A convenience sample of 124 mothers within 30 days after CS was used; data were collected from July 2021 to August 2021. This study found that the incidence of SSI after CS was 4% of the mothers who underwent CS operations in the Maternity and Children Hospital in Sakaka. Besides, the results showed that there is a significant association between the type of anesthesia (spinal) and SSI following CS (Chi = 4.288, p ≤ 0.05). To conclude that the incidence of SSI following CS was 4%, comparable to the international rate, and spinal anesthesia was the confirmed risk factor in our sample. Further studies should be carried out with larger samples and in more than one hospital in Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Obstetric hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death worldwide. Obstetric hemorrhage accounts for 27.1% of all maternal death worldwide. Of all obstetric hemorrhages, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) accounts for 72%. The physiological management of the third stage of labor is a growing area as a preventive measure to control postpartum blood loss. Immediate kangaroo mother care (KMC) is suggested as one of the physiological management methods of the third stage of labor to reduce postpartum blood loss. The duration of the third stage of labor, uterine involution, and amount of postpartum blood loss are the physiological parameters of effective management of the third stage of labor. Examining the absolute effects of immediate KMC on maternal physiological parameters is needed in different populations with different settings. Thus, this study aimed to examine the effects of immediate KMC on uterine involution and postpartum blood loss. Methods: A quasi-experimental comparative design was conducted in the labor and delivery room at Maternity and Children Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. A sample of 80 women was divided into two equal groups: a treatment group that underwent immediate KMC and a control group that received routine care. Instrument: A questionnaire developed by the researchers was used to collect the data. Results: The effects of immediate KMC were significant concerning uterine involution and regarding the uterine position immediately after placenta separation (70% at umbilicus, χ² = 8.5, p < 0.01), postpartum blood loss (χ² = 76.098, p < 0.00), the heaviness of lochia (χ² = 44.679, p = 0.00), and the number of pads used in the first 24 h (p < 0.001).

Introduction: Considering the importance of birth registration for children, the government has been put a policy in place to provide legal recognition of a child’s identity. This study aims to examine the factors associated with birth registration among children aged one-four years in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional design was applied in this study using data from the 2017 Indonesian demographic and health survey. A sample of 15,624 mothers with children aged one-four years were included in this research as the subjects. To examine the associated factors, Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were used. Results: The prevalence of children’s birth registrations in Indonesia was 77.9%. Multivariate analysis showed that the mother variables, such as mothers aged between 35 and 39 years (odds ratio [OR]=1.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.22-2.33), their higher education levels (OR=4.63, CI=2.93-7.30), their current marital status (OR=2.0, CI=1.48-2.66), the richest quintile (OR=5.04, CI=3.91-6.50), living in the west Indonesian region (OR=2.85, CI=2.29-3.55), were significantly associated with a higher possibility of registering the child’s birth. In the same vein, the variables of being born at a health facility (OR=1.23, CI=1.04-1.46), being assisted by a skilled birth attendant (OR=1.72, CI=1.39-2.15), female children (OR=1.28, CI=1.16-1.43), and children aged four years old (OR=8.07, CI=6.72-9.69), were the factors associated with birth registration in Indonesia. Conclusion: Our study showed that birth registrations related to the demographic, socioeconomic, and health services are given to the family, particularly mother and child. Structured policies to improve the birth registration rate for the less privileged or vulnerable groups, poor and limited access to health services should be considered in the long run.

Background: Despite the significant number of Indonesian nurses joining the Japanese National Nursing Licensure Examination (JNNLE), only a few of those were successful. Indonesian nurses as one of active migration player to Japan’s market remain a critical support in supporting human resources for health in Japan. However, the successful nurses’ perspectives have yet to be understood entirely. This study aimed to explore the experiences of Indonesian nurses who successfully passed the JNNLE. Methods: This study used a descriptive qualitative approach. The participants were twenty Indonesian nurses who have passed the licensure examination. This study was carried out by semi-structured interviews conducted virtually. The data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results: Five themes were discovered in this study: language ability as the key to succeeding in the exam, strategies to passing the exam, supporting resources as factors to increase the passing rate, understanding the nature of nursing exam, and internal motivation to be recognized as a professional nurse in a foreign country. Conclusion: Indonesian nurses who passed the Japanese national nursing licensure examination tend to deploy planned strategies. Honing the language skills while working and living in Japan is very important, while structured support systems in the hospital, government, and social network are imperative to learning the new knowledge in the area of nursing care in Japan.