David C. Lees

The genus Ptochoryctis Meyrick, 1894 is revised and reinstated in the Xyloryctidae (previously treated in Autostichidae) based on molecular and morphological evidence. A fuller description is provided of the morphology of all the species previously described in Ptochoryctis which are not combined elsewhere. The following new species of Ptochoryctis are described: Ptochoryctis blanchella sp. nov ., P. caputanatis sp. nov ., P. draconella sp. nov ., P. flavalbella sp. nov ., P. fuscilinea sp. nov ., P. kitchingi sp. nov ., P. marmorella sp. nov ., P. minimella sp. nov ., P. persicotincta sp. nov ., P. ochraceella sp. nov ., P. robinsoni sp. nov . and P. splendidella sp. nov . Deloryctis Meyrick, 1934 is synonymised with Ptochoryctis . The following new combinations are established: Ptochoryctis corticivora (Meyrick, 1934), comb . nov . (which is consequently transferred from Depressariidae to Xyloryctidae), Metathrinca alma (Meyrick, 1908), comb . nov ., M. inviolata (Meyrick, 1925), comb . nov ., M. ochrograpta (Meyrick, 1923), comb . nov .; and M. perigramma (Meyrick, 1926), comb. no v.

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Altenia scriptella (Marbled Maple moth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Gelechiidae). The assembly contains two haplotypes with total lengths of 506.56 megabases and 440.34 megabases. Most of haplotype 1 (99.51%) is scaffolded into 33 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the W and Z sex chromosomes. The assembly also includes two B chromosomes. Haplotype 2 was assembled to scaffold level. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 15.3 kilobases. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.

We present a genome assembly from an individual female Orthosia cerasi (Common Quaker; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 1 022.21 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.88%) is scaffolded into 29 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 15.39 kilobases. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 15 702 protein-coding genes. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Ptilodon cucullina (Maple Prominent; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Notodontidae). The assembly contains two haplotypes with total lengths of 315.33 megabases and 316.73 megabases. Most of haplotype 1 (99.79%) is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. Haplotype 2 was assembled to scaffold level. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 15.37 kilobases. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 10 320 protein-coding genes. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Eana incanana (Bluebell moth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Tortricidae). The assembly contains two haplotypes with total lengths of 372.33 megabases and 373.40 megabases. Most of haplotype 1 (99.64%) is scaffolded into 30 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. Haplotype 2 was assembled to scaffold level. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 16.01 kilobases. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.

The endemic lineage of Syntomini (Erebidae: Arctiinae) from Madagascar represents an adaptive radiation and constitutes a potentially suitable model system for further evolutionary studies. However, their systematics demands a modern re-elaboration. Here we present a systematic revision of the genera Thyrosticta Hampson, 1898 and Melanonaclia Griveaud, 1964, which turned out to be polyphyletic and comprise nine distinct evolutionary lineages, well supported by molecular and morphological results. As a result, seven new genera are described: Skippernaclia Wiorek gen. nov. (comprising S. lacrimata (Griveaud, 1964) comb. nov., S. ankaratra (Griveaud, 1964) comb. nov., S. vestigii (Griveaud, 1964) comb. nov., S. leesi Wiorek sp. nov.), Kowalskinaclia Wiorek gen. nov. (comprising K. vieui (Griveaud, 1964) comb. nov., K. dilata (Griveaud, 1964) comb. nov., K. cowani (Griveaud, 1964) comb. nov.), Privatenaclia Wiorek gen. nov. (comprising P. triangulifera (Griveaud, 1964) comb. nov., P. seguyi (Griveaud, 1964) comb. nov., P. ratovosoni (Griveaud, 1964) comb. nov.), Juliennaclia Wiorek gen. nov. (comprising J. pauliani (Griveaud, 1964) comb. nov., J. moerens (Oberthür, 1911) comb. nov.), Riconaclia Wiorek gen. nov. (monotypic, comprising R. bimacula (Griveaud, 1964) comb. nov.), Mauricenaclia Wiorek gen. nov. (comprising M. minuta (Boisduval, 1833) comb. nov., M. raharizonina (Griveaud, 1964) comb. nov., M. rothschildi (Griveaud, 1964) comb. nov., M. octopunctata (Griveaud, 1964) comb. nov., M. bruneata (Griveaud, 1969) comb. nov., M. peyrierasi (Griveaud, 1969) comb. nov., M. apatris Wiorek sp. nov.), and Mortinaclia Wiorek gen. nov. (monotypic, comprising M. perplexa (Griveaud, 1964) comb. nov.). In the reviewed shape, the genus Thyrosticta becomes monotypic with T. sylvicolens (Butler, 1878), and the genus Melanonaclia comprises: M. luctuosa (Oberthür, 1911), M. lugens (Oberthür, 1893), M. nigra Griveaud, 1964, M. toulgoeti Griveaud, 1964, M. trimacula (Mabille, 1879) comb. nov., M. dujardini (Griveaud, 1969) comb. nov., M. ranomafana Wiorek and Przybyłowicz sp. nov. Additionally, five new synonyms are established: Thyrosticta incerta Griveaud, 1964 syn. nov. of Kowalskinaclia cowani comb. nov., Thyrosticta melanisa Griveaud, 1969 syn. nov. of Juliennaclia moerens comb. nov., Thyrosticta angustipennis Le Cerf, 1921 syn. nov. and Dysauxes subfenestrata Aurivillius, 1900 syn. nov. of Mauricenaclia minuta comb. nov., and Tritonaclia inauramacula Griveaud, 1964 syn. nov. of Melanonaclia luctuosa. The females of Stictonaclia ankaratra comb. nov., Kowalskinaclia vieui comb. nov., Privatenaclia ratovosoni comb. nov., Privatenaclia seguyi comb. nov., Juliennaclia pauliani comb. nov., Riconaclia bimacula comb. nov., the male of Melanonaclia dujardini comb. nov., and the male and female genitalia of Pseudonaclia puella (Boisduval, 1847) are described for the first time. The lectotype of Dysauxes subfenestrata Aurivillius, 1900 is correctly designated with comments on Griveaud’s designation. Additionally, the first correct descriptions of the male genitalia of Thyrosticta sylvicolens and the female of Stictonaclia lacrimata are provided. The phylogenetic and zoogeographical relationships within the “Dysauxes clade”, comprising the genus Mauricenaclia gen. nov., the Palaearctic and Mauritian genus Dysauxes Hübner, 1819, and the African Pseudonaclia puella are further studied, in the context of the entire Madagascan lineage of Syntomini. In the monograph, 30 valid species are treated, of a known fauna of about 99 species. Several cases of potential cryptic species complexes are discussed based on the results of morphological, phylogenetic, and species delimitation analyses. Keys to each genus are provided, based on genital and other adult characters. The morphology of the reviewed taxa is redescribed and illustrated, providing new insights into the morphological characterisation of not only the Madagascan lineages but of the entire tribe Syntomini, in the context of its systematics and previously proposed apomorphies. The distribution, elevational ranges, and preferred vegetation types are presented for all examined species. We also gathered all available data on their biology and behaviour, including outlines of circadian activity and phenological patterns, light attraction, and the first observations of nectaring.

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Glyphipterix fuscoviridella (Woodrush Moth; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Glyphipterigidae). The assembly contains two haplotypes with total lengths of 918.88 megabases and 918.02 megabases. Most of haplotype 1 (96.08%) is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. Haplotype 2 was assembled to scaffold level. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 16.12 kilobases. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces reference genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Cataclysta lemnata (Small China-mark; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Crambidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 432.44 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.51%) is scaffolded into 28 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 15.36 kilobases. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces reference genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.

Early stages of the tineid genus Tenaga Clemens, 1862 are reported for the first time, for T. nigripunctella (Haworth, 1828). Its larvae were found within the shells of dead Garden Snails Cornu aspersum (Müller, 1774), feeding on the dried body tissues. Larvae of the moth have been found, but not reared, among a range of detritus substrates, with traces of likely feeding observed on dry mouse droppings, and in a dead Western Honeybee Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758. Adults of the species have been seen annually since 2013 in a small area of Dorset, England. Historical and modern occurrences in Great Britain (until 1934) and country records elsewhere are reviewed, with new records reported for Lebanon and Syria. Two live larvae have been found within dead snail shells, one reared to the adult stage, the other was identified from its DNA barcode. Only a single COI-5P haplotype is known worldwide and ours is the fourth known DNA sequence. The taxonomic placement of the genus Tenaga , containing only two closely related species, sometimes placed in the family Meessiidae, is also discussed.

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Polypogon plumigeralis (Plumed Fan-foot; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Erebidae). The assembly contains two haplotypes with total lengths of 639.54 megabases and 639.39 megabases. Most of the haplotype 1 sequence (99.54%) is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. Haplotype 2 was assembled to scaffold level. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 16.98 kilobases. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces reference genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.