Vanessa Valgas dos Santos

Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial action, cytotoxicity, pH, flow, and radiopacity of an experimental paste for primary teeth. Material and Methods: Root canals of 50 extracted human teeth were inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and divided into five groups (n=10): G1 - distilled water (negative control); G2 - zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) paste; G3 - calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) paste; G4 - iodoform paste; and G5 - experimental paste containing chlorhexidine, (Ca(OH)2), neomycin sulfate, and barium sulfate. Colony-forming unit counts assessed antimicrobial activity. Cytotoxicity was analyzed in fibroblast cells through cell viability assays. pH and flow were measured with colorimetric strips and dispersion diameter, respectively. Radiopacity was compared to an aluminum scale using digital radiography. Statistical analysis was performed at α=5%. Results: High antimicrobial activity and radiopacity were observed in groups 2 (ZOE paste), 3 (Ca(OH)2 paste), 4 (iodoform paste), and 5 (experimental paste) (p<0.05). The highest cell viability was found in groups 1 (distilled water), 4 (iodoform paste), and 5 (experimental paste) (p<0.05). Groups 3 and 5 showed the highest pH values, while flow was highest for groups 3 (Ca(OH)2 paste), 4 (iodoform paste), and 5 (experimental paste) (p<0.05). Conclusion: The experimental paste demonstrated a satisfactory antimicrobial effect, cytocompatibility, an alkaline pH, adequate flow, and radiopacity, comparable to conventional pastes, and has potential for clinical application.

This research evaluated the risk of obstructive sleep apnea through apnea questionnaires and scales in obese patients and examined their impact on quality of life. For this, 51 obese patients of both sexes had their anthropometric and biochemical parameters measured. The presence of respiratory disorders was assessed using the NoSAS score (Neck, Obesity, Snoring, Age, Sex). The risk of apnea was verified using the STOP-BANG questionnaire (Snore, Tiredness, Observed, Blood Pressure, Body mass index, Age, Neck, Gender). We measured daytime sleepiness using the Epworth scale. The impact of apnea on quality of life was assessed using the Quebec Sleep Questionnaire. STOP-BANG results showed that 88.24% of women and 100% of men were at high risk for apnea. In addition, 70.45% of women and 42.85% of men had hypersomnolence on the Epworth with a score above 10. The groups classified as 16 on the Epworth were evaluated through the sleep questionnaire, and the results showed significant differences in all domains between the 16 groups (p < 0.01). We concluded that obese patients have a high risk for apnea, with consequences on daytime sleepiness that impact the quality of life of these individuals.

Introdução: as doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII) são patologias crônicas de etiologia multifatorial que impactam diretamente a vida dos pacientes. Objetivos: esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o impacto na qualidade de vida de pacientes com doença de Crohn (DC) e retocolite ulcerativa (RC), bem como identificar possíveis riscos ambientais associados às DII. Métodos: participaram da pesquisa 27 pacientes de ambos os sexos, previamente diagnosticados com DC ou RC. Foram aplicados questionários demográficos, de fatores de risco e de análise da qualidade de vida (Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire, IBDQ-32). Resultados: os pacientes tinham idade média de 34,8 ± 12,7 anos. Entre as DII, a RC foi a mais prevalente (18 pacientes), e o uso excessivo de antibióticos foi relatado por 83,3% dos pacientes com RC. O histórico familiar foi citado por 11,1% da amostra. O IBDQ-32 revelou que pacientes com DC apresentaram escores menores que aqueles com RC, com impacto nos domínios sistêmicos e emocionais. Além disso, quanto maior o uso de medicamentos, piores os resultados no IBDQ-32. Conclusões: esta pesquisa destaca a alta porcentagem de uso de antibióticos durante a infância na população estudada com RC. Além disso, ressalta o impacto das doenças inflamatórias, principalmente no aspecto emocional na qualidade de vida dos pacientes.

The extension practice of students from the Academic League of Clinical Neurology investigated the risk factors associated with a cognitive decline through the Mini-Mental test. One hundred elderly people questioned regarding sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics participated in the research. Next, the Mini-Mental test appropriate to the educational cutoff values was applied. The findings revealed a population composed predominantly of women with primary education. Hypertension was the most prevalent among chronic diseases, followed by diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. It was observed that 36% of the elderly had reduced Mini Mental scores, and among the risk factors related to lower values, it was observed that age and smoking had a significant impact on these findings. This research highlights that modifiable and non-modifiable risks may be associated with cognitive decline, negatively affecting cognition. La práctica de extensión de estudiantes de la Liga Académica de Neurología Clínica investigó los posibles factores de riesgo asociados al deterioro cognitivo a través del test Mini Mental. Participaron de la investigación 100 ancianos a quienes se les preguntó sobre características sociodemográficas y de estilo de vida. Se aplicó el test Mini Mental adecuado a los valores de corte educativos. Los hallazgos revelaron una población compuesta predominantemente por mujeres, con educación primaria, entre las enfermedades crónicas, la hipertensión fue la más prevalente, seguida de la diabetes mellitus y la dislipidemia. Se observó que el 36% de los ancianos presentó valores reducidos del Mini Mental y entre los factores de riesgo relacionados con valores más bajos, se observó que la edad y el tabaquismo tuvieron impacto significativo en esos hallazgos. Por lo tanto, esta investigación destaca que los riesgos modificables y no modificables pueden estar asociados con deterioros cognitivos, lo que afecta negativamente la cognición. A prática extensionista dos estudantes da Liga Acadêmica de Neurologia Clínica atuou na comunidade com o objetivo de investigar os possíveis fatores de risco associados ao declínio cognitivo. Participaram da pesquisa 100 idosos que foram questionados quanto às características sociodemográficas e de estilo de vida. Foi aplicado o teste do Minimental, adequando os valores de corte educacionais. Os achados revelaram uma população composta predominantemente de mulheres (64%), com ensino fundamental I. Entre as doenças crônicas, a hipertensão arterial sistêmica foi a mais prevalente (73%), seguida do diabetes mellitus (35%) e dislipidemia (24%). Observou-se que 36% dos idosos apresentavam valores reduzidos para o Mini Mental e, entre os riscos relacionados à redução do escore, verificou-se que o tabagismo impactava significativamente estes achados. Assim, esta pesquisa ressalta que os riscos não modificáveis estão associados aos declínios mnemônicos, impactando negativamente a cognição nesta população. Palavras-chave: Demência. Testes de Estado Mental e Demência. Transtornos Neurocognitivos.

O Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio constitui uma das principais causas de óbito tanto no Brasil quanto no mundo. Um dos grandes problemas relacionados à morbimortalidade da doença é o tempo entre o inicio dos sintomas e inicio do tratamento. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo de revisão narrativa, foi ressaltar a importância da atuação precoce e das intervenções farmacológicas e não farmacológicas realizadas nos pacientes infartados. Para isto, foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados Pubmed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e Sciencedirect através das palavras-chave “Myocardial Infarction, Acute Myocardial Infarction, ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Myocardial Reperfusion, Reperfusion Injury” e Infarto do Miocárdio, Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio, Infarto do Miocárdio com Elevação de ST, Reperfusão do Miocárdio, Lesão de Reperfusão. Os principais achados ressaltaram a importância da eletrocardiografia no diagnostico associada a marcadores bioquímicos e de imagem, as intervenções necessárias para a restauração da irrigação e os medicamentos como analgésicos, anti-agregantes e terapia fibrinolíticas. Assim, reforça-se a necessidade de busca médica aos primeiros sinais e sintomas, para que a identificação e as intervenções necessárias sejam realizadas na tentativa de manutenção da qualidade de vida.

Objective: The focus of this study was to investigate the possible occupational stress the nurses perceived that in Basic Health Units (BHUs) and assess the major factors that motivate these employees’ inside these primary healthcare centers. Methodology: Data was collected from 70 nurses working in 61 BHUs distributed in the South of Brazil. The stress was measured with the Nurses' Stress Inventory (NSI), and the determination of motivation was performed using Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. The research has been taken up with special reference to administrative/assistance nurses. Results: The investigation showed that nurses are predominantly female (89.5%) and 80.0% work equally in assistant care and administrative functions. Moreover, the data showed that 89.4% of nurses present moderate to higher stress scores as a consequence of the intrinsic work factors. Investigating the motivation, the higher level in the Maslow hierarchy was belonging, this could be related to the fact BHUs are inserted in communities with strong social connections and relationships with the population. Conclusion: Knowing the main factors responsible for stress in nurses at the BHUs are essential for future strategies to improve working conditions.

The aims of this study were to evaluate the physical and chemical properties, cytotoxicity and dentinal tubule penetration of a new calcium silicate-based root canal dressing. For pH and calcium ion release evaluation (1, 24, 72 and 168 h) were used a pH meter and colorimetric spectrophotometer, respectively. Radiopacity evaluation followed the ISO 6876:2012. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the percentage of cell viability using MTT assay. Illustrative images of dentinal tubule penetration were obtained using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Data from pH and calcium ion release were statistically analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey test. Radiopacity was analyzed using the Student t-test. The statistical tests for cytotoxicity results were the one-way analysis of variance and Tukey test. Both materials showed alkaline pH in all experimental times. The pH values for calcium hydroxide paste were higher than bioceramic paste at 1, 24, and 72 h (p<0.05). The calcium ion release of bioceramic was lower than the calcium hydroxide paste only at 24 h (p<0.05). The bioceramic was more radiopaque than the calcium hydroxide paste (p<0.05). Bioceramic paste presented a dose and time-dependent cytotoxic effect after MTT assay. CLSM images showed absence of tubule penetration for both pastes. The new calcium silicate-based canal dressing presented alkaline pH, high calcium release, and acceptable radiopacity. Bio C Temp showed a dose and time-dependent cytotoxic and absence of dentinal tubule penetration.