Carlos Rodrigo Nascimento de Lira

Eating disorders are serious, complex, and potentially chronic psychiatric conditions that affect millions of people worldwide. Primary health care plays a strategic role in the early identification and referral, helping to reduce complications, mortality, and health system burden. This scoping review aimed to map the available evidence on validated strategies for screening for eating disorders in adolescents and adults in primary care. The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews, with a protocol registered in the Open Science Framework (doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/498FU ). Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and gray literature in October 2024. Data selection and extraction were performed by peer reviewers, and findings were synthesized narratively, with tables and figures. Of 2977 documents and 159 full texts assessed, 77 studies met the eligibility criteria, including 56 empirical and 21 nonempirical studies. Eleven validated screening instruments were identified, most frequently the SCOFF followed by the EDE-Q. Most studies used self-administered instruments before the consultation, with completion times ranging from 30 seconds to 15 minutes. Implementation strategies commonly involved the provision of materials and training for health professionals. Instrument robustness was primarily assessed through validity and reliability measures. The EDS-PC, EAT-26 and ADO-BED showed the highest sensitivity (100%), while the SCOFF demonstrated the highest specificity (94.4%). Feasibility was investigated through the identification of cases, team actions, professionals’ perceptions, and barriers and facilitators to implementation. Despite the potential of several instruments, robust evidence on their validity, reliability, and applicability remains limited, particularly in low-and middle-income settings, among underrepresented and adolescent’s populations. Structural and training barriers hinder the effective implementation of screening, highlighting the need for articulated actions between professionals, services, and public policies.

Background/Objectives: Well-child care plays a critical role in promoting child health and monitoring growth and development within Primary Health Care (PHC), in line with international frameworks such as the WHO Global Strategy and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, the absence of standardized quality indicators limits comparability across studies and hinders continuous improvement worldwide. This study aimed to map and analyze the indicators used to assess the quality of well-child care in global PHC settings. Methods: A scoping review was conducted following PRISMA-ScR and Joanna Briggs Institute methodological guidance, with a pre-registered protocol. Comprehensive searches were performed in May 2025 across fourteen databases and two gray literature sources, without language or time restrictions. Eligible studies assessed quality indicators for well-child care among children up to 5 years, 11 months, and 29 days. Two independent reviewers performed study selection and data extraction. Results: From 6052 records, 62 studies met inclusion criteria. Out of them, most (68%) used composite indicators, primarily from pre-existing tools (67%). While structural and clinical indicators—such as immunization and service accessibility—were predominant, there was a critical absence of relational indicators focusing on patient–provider interaction. This lack of standardization and neglect of the relational dimension significantly hinders international comparability and the assessment of family-centered care quality. Conclusions: Developing and validating a core set of standardized, comprehensive, and context-sensitive indicators integrating structural, clinical, and relational dimensions is essential. These should be linked to information systems to enable robust national and international comparison, strengthen evidence-based management, and drive continuous quality improvement to achieve the 2030 Agenda goals. These findings provide a foundation for policymakers to develop standardized monitoring tools that prioritize neglected relational aspects of care.

Introdução: Nos Serviços de Alimentação e Nutrição (SAN), os acidentes de trabalho podem ocorrer a partir do inadequado arranjo físico, máquinas e equipamentos deficientes, ritmo de trabalho acelerado, sobrecarga de trabalho em detrimento do subdimensionamento de trabalhadores, dentre outros. Objetivos: Identificar o risco de acidente nos setores do Serviço de Alimentação e Nutrição, classificar o grau deste risco e elaborar o mapa de riscos. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo, desenvolvido em um SAN de grande porte em um hospital da rede pública no município de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. As observações no SAN foram registradas em diário de campo. Para a elaboração do mapa de riscos, foram seguidas as recomendações da Portaria nº 25 do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego. Resultados: Embora os setores estivessem adequadamente delimitados no SAN, observou-se que os fluxos de funcionários e da produção não se encontravam devidamente demarcados. Na etapa de montagem das refeições destinadas a pacientes e acompanhantes, identificou-se elevado risco de acidentes, especialmente quedas e queimaduras. Situação semelhante foi verificada durante a reposição nos balcões de distribuição e entre os trabalhadores que utilizavam equipamentos compartilhados por diferentes setores. Considerações finais: O mapa de riscos do Serviço foi elaborado com base no diagnóstico dos riscos aos quais os trabalhadores estavam expostos. Os achados indicaram que os fatores favoráveis à ocorrência de acidentes estavam relacionados à insuficiência de treinamentos periódicos voltados à segurança ocupacional, havendo necessidade de implementação de melhorias estruturais e organizacionais, bem como fortalecimento de ações educativas contínuas.

Resumo Introdução Trabalhadores da saúde apresentaram alta ocorrência de covid-19, tornando-os vulneráveis à condição pós-covid-19, caracterizada pela persistência de sintomas após a fase aguda. Objetivo Estimar a prevalência e caracterizar os sintomas da condição pós-covid-19 em trabalhadores da saúde. Métodos Revisão sistemática de estudos observacionais, registrada no PROSPERO (CRD42023454818), abrangendo sete bases de dados. A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada pela Newcastle-Ottawa Scale e o risco de viés por meio da ferramenta do Joanna Briggs Institute, com avaliação independente por dois revisores. Resultados Foram incluídos 32 estudos, totalizando 34.783 trabalhadores. A prevalência da condição pós-covid-19 entre as investigações oscilou entre 12% e 95%. A condição pós-covid-19 manifesta-se de forma multissistêmica, destacando-se sintomas como disfunções cognitivas, fadiga, dispneia, dores crônicas e transtornos psicossociais. Fatores como sexo feminino, gravidade da infecção inicial, comorbidades e reinfecções aumentam o risco de desenvolvimento do agravo, enquanto a vacinação exerceu efeito protetor. Conclusão A condição pós-covid-19 em trabalhadores da saúde é frequente e exige protocolos de triagem ativa, vigilância epidemiológica contínua e programas de reabilitação interdisciplinar para garantir a manutenção da força de trabalho em saúde.

Introduction Healthcare workers (HCWs) have experienced a high incidence of COVID-19, making them vulnerable to post-COVID-19 condition, characterized by persistent symptoms following the acute phase. Objective To estimate the prevalence and characterize the symptoms of post-COVID-19 condition among HCWs. Methods A systematic review of observational studies, registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023454818), covering seven databases. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and risk of bias was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool, with independent assessment by two reviewers. Results Thirty-two studies were included, totaling 34,783 workers. The prevalence of post-COVID-19 condition across the studies ranged from 12% to 95%. Post-COVID-19 condition manifests in a multisystemic manner, with symptoms such as cognitive dysfunction, fatigue, dyspnea, chronic pain, and psychosocial disorders being particularly prominent. Factors such as female sex, severity of the initial infection, comorbidities, and reinfection increase the risk of developing the condition, while vaccination exerted a protective effect. Conclusion Post-COVID-19 condition among HCWs is common and requires active screening protocols, continuous epidemiological surveillance, and interdisciplinary rehabilitation programs to ensure the retention of the healthcare workforce.

This systematic review examines how anxiety, depression, and stress influence university students’ dietary behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. After registering the protocol at PROSPERO(CRD42025639716), we searched seven databases, gray literature and references list. Observational studies assessing mental health as exposure and dietary changes as outcomes were selected by two reviewers. The JBI tools assessed risk of bias. A qualitative synthesis of the findings was performed to integrate results narratively. Of 2,624 records, 22 studies (20 cross-sectional, 2 cohort) were included, 95.46% at low risk of bias but methodologically diverse. Heightened anxiety, depression, and stress were linked to emotional or uncontrolled eating and increased ultra-processed food intake. A small subset (13.64%) reported atypical patterns, such as reduced dessert consumption or increased consumption of fresh/minimally processed foods. Pandemic-related disruptions appeared to exacerbate psychological-disstress-induced dietary changes. Future longitudinal or intervention studies should clarify causal pathways and assess programs targeting mental health and nutrition.

Breast cancer treatment can lead to psychological distress, including depression, anxiety, and stress. We systematically investigated the effect of physical exercise on these factors in women surviving breast cancer (WSBC). Eight databases were searched to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Data extraction and bias risk analysis were conducted using standardized tools, with meta-analysis performed using RevMan^® software. Out of 3529 documents initially identified, 15 RCTs were included, comprising 2756 WSBC (1284 in intervention groups and 1472 in control groups), with 2082 participants in depression analyses, 513 in anxiety analyses, and 161 in stress analyses. Meta-analyses showed that physical exercise promoted significant reduction in depression and anxiety. Subgroup analyses showed greater reduction in anxiety when aerobic and resistance exercise were combined. Only two studies investigated stress, with less robust data suggesting improvement when combining aerobic and resistance interventions. Future RCTs with standardized intervention protocols are needed to confirm these findings.

This study sought to analyze the influence of occupational stress on the body composition of hospital workers after one year of follow-up. This prospective cohort study included 218 workers from one of the leading private hospitals in the municipality of Santo Antônio de Jesus, Recôncavo da Bahia region, Northeast Brazil. Body composition was analyzed by proxy (Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference) and Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis. The primary exposure adopted in the present study was the perception of occupational stress, assessed with the adapted and reduced version of the Job Content Questionnaire evaluating demand and control dimensions. The covariates were work characteristics; biological characteristics; sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle. Statistical analyses were performed using descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analysis. At the first stage of the study, we identified that 55.96% (n = 122) of workers had high work demand and 25.22% (n = 55) had low control. Among those who had high demand and low control at the beginning of the study, the majority were women, non-white, with low educational and income levels, sleeping less than 7 h/day. After 12 months of follow-up, the median value for demand continued as 13 (IQR: 5–25) and for control, it increased to 16 (IQR: 9–23). In this second moment of the study, 62.38% (n = 136) of workers showed high demand and 45.87% (n = 100) low control. The characteristics of workers with high demand and low control were similar to those of the first moment. The results indicate that high demand and low control at work are risk factors for changes in body mass index, fat mass and fat-free mass in hospital workers. This study shows the importance and need for clinical and epidemiological assessments regarding the body composition of professionals working in hospitals, since high rates of overweight and obesity are triggers of chronic health problems such as dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases, among others. Therefore, managers must promote adequate working conditions and understand the need for periodic body composition assessments.

Community restaurants linked to government food and nutritional security programs are establishments created to offer meals to the population in socially vulnerable situations. The objective was to identify the methods, approaches, criteria, and indicators used to evaluate restaurants linked to government food and nutrition security programs. A scoping review based on the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology and the international guide’s recommendations of preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews was conducted. Medline databases via PubMed, Lilacs, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect were used. Primary observational studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, ethnographies, documentary studies, and case studies were included, with a quantitative, qualitative, and/or mixed approach. A total of 2498 studies were identified. After taking out 180 duplicated articles, another 2202 articles were excluded by the title. Among the 71 studies selected for complete reading, 10 did not correlate with the research objective, and 12 were included after analyzing the references, totaling 73 included studies. In this review, evaluative approaches were mapped and systematized on the menu, food consumption, food health, food security and/or insecurity, nutritional education, and human right to adequate food; users’ profile and health, implantation, history, perceptions, senses, and meanings; handlers/workers; hygienic–sanitary quality; evaluation and monitoring; physical–functional planning, and rest–intake. The presented data provide elements that can be adapted in future evaluations and describe the panorama of academic production in this area.